2020年中考英语知识点总复习-代词课件.ppt

1、人称代词 单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit数数格格人称人称主语 宾语 表语 系动词后面的部分就是表语eg: They are all good students. She is going to another city. her We are waiting for you. 宾语宾语如果同时出现多个人称代词，注意排序。（1 1） 为了表示礼貌和谦虚，排列次序总是习惯将为了表示礼貌和谦虚，排列次序总是习惯将第二人称、第三人称放在前面，将第一人称放在第二人称、第三人称放在前面，将第一人称放在后面

2、。后面。单数单数 “二三一二三一 you you he /she/it I”he /she/it I”Eg: He and I like green tea. You, she and I should help each other. (2) (2) 如果是承担责任，说话者应把第一人称放在第如果是承担责任，说话者应把第一人称放在第一位。一位。egeg: : I and Tom I and Tom broke the window.broke the window.(3)(3)复数形式复数形式“一、二、三一、二、三”（we, you and theywe, you and they）egeg:

3、 : We, you and they We, you and they should help each other.should help each other.单数人称代词单数人称代词 231 231 承担责任承担责任 123123复数形式复数形式 123123Exercise1._(我) am a teacher.2.My father is talking with _(我).3._(他) often plays basketball after school.4._(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _(他).We 主格 our 形容词性物主代词 us 宾格

4、him1. Who taught _ maths last year ?A. they B. their C. them D. theirstaught teach教的过去式teach sb. sth系动词后是表语2. Reading more helps _ learn better.A. We B. usC. our D. ours物主代词单数单数复数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshis hersitsoursyourstheirs数数人称人称格格My book is

5、 on the desk, yours is on the table. = your book名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词 用 法1. 1.形容词性物主代词起形容词性物主代词起形容词形容词的作用，在句中只的作用，在句中只能作能作定语定语，即形容词性物主代词后面一定要接，即形容词性物主代词后面一定要接一个名词。一个名词。egeg： MyMy booksbooks are over there.are over there. I was looking for I was looking for mymy glassesglasses everywhere.everywhere. 形

6、容词性物主代词+名词(2) (2) 名词性物主代词起名词作用，因名词性物主代词起名词作用，因此其后不能接名词。在句中可作主此其后不能接名词。在句中可作主语，表语，宾语。语，表语，宾语。eg: It isnt your ruler. Its mine. 表语表语 Yours is in your desk. 主语主语 your ruler I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. 宾语 your dictionary Exercise1.My book is blue. _Yours_(you) is red.2.Our chair is

7、better than _ chair( they).3.I will give the presents to_(they).4.These books are_(I), and those are_(you).反身代词第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称单数单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves人人称称数数习惯用语5. We cant leave our grandparents by _.A. they B. themC. themself D. themselves6. Be

8、 careful with that knife, or youll cut _.A. himself B. ourselvesC. yourself D. themselves人称代词，物主代词，反身代词总表this 指在时间上或空间上离说话人指在时间上或空间上离说话人较较 近的人或物。近的人或物。thesethat 指在时间上或空间上离说话人指在时间上或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。较远的人或物。those用法1. 1.this, thatthis, that用于指代单数名词；用于指代单数名词；these, thosethese, those用于用于指代复数可数。指代复数可数。eg: Thi

9、s is my book, and these are yours. Those cars are made in China.eg: This present is for you and that one is for your mom. We are very happy these days.3. 3. 为了避免重复，可用为了避免重复，可用that/thosethat/those用来指代前面提用来指代前面提 到的名词。到的名词。eg: This book is not so interesting as that I read yesterday. The vegetables in

10、this store are cheaper than those in that store.4. this4. this，thatthat在电话用语中可以指自己和对方。在电话用语中可以指自己和对方。eg: A: Is that Mr. Smith speaking ? B: Who is that ? A: This is Mary, Mr. Smith. 用来表达疑问或构成用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的代词。疑问句的代词。 主格宾格所有格指人whowhomWhose指物whatWhatWhose指人或物whichwhichWhose指代格WhoWho是主格，用于询问别人的姓名、身份或关系，是

11、主格，用于询问别人的姓名、身份或关系，在句中作主语或表语；在句中作主语或表语；whomwhom是宾格，在句中作宾语是宾格，在句中作宾语。Eg: who put the light out ? Who is that girl? Whom/who did you meet last night?Whom is Tom talking about ?1. Who 1. Who 和和whomwhom的用法的用法WhoseWhose既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。EgEg ：whose book is this ? whose is the desk ?2. Whos

12、e 2. Whose 的用法的用法What What 既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。既可以作名词用，也可以作形容词用。EgEg ：What makes him so happy? what class does he teach ? what is she ? what are you doing ? 3. What 3. What 的用法的用法WhichWhich表示在一定范围内选择，意为表示在一定范围内选择，意为“哪一个哪一个”，回答通常为一个。，回答通常为一个。EgEg ：This is mine. Which is yours ? which of you is the oldes

13、t？ which would you like, tea or coffee? which book is more interesting ? 4. Which 4. Which 的用法的用法 不明确指代某个人或某些人、某个事物或某些事物不明确指代某个人或某些人、某个事物或某些事物 的代词。的代词。1表示不确定的人或事物的不定代词表示不确定的人或事物的不定代词one 某人或事物某人或事物 some 某个某些某个某些 any 任何一个任何一个no 没有没有 each/every 每个每个 none 没有没有other 别的别的 another另一个另一个 something 某事某事 some

14、body/someone 某人某人anybody /anyone 任何一个人任何一个人everybody/everyone 每个人每个人nobody/no one 没有人没有人2表示不确定的数量的不定代词表示不确定的数量的不定代词 many 许多许多 much 许多许多 few 很少很少 little 很少很少 most 大部分大部分 all 全部全部3表示不确定的选择的不定代词表示不确定的选择的不定代词either 两者中的任意一个两者中的任意一个 neither 两者中没有一个两者中没有一个none 三者或三者以上三者或三者以上 不明确指代某个人、不明确指代某个人、某些人或某些事物某些人或

15、某些事物的代词。的代词。(1) both表示“两者都”。(2) all “表示三者或三者以上都”。 (1) either表示“两个当中的任意一个”； Ihaventreadeitherofthese (books) Either you or he is right. (2) neither 表示表示“两者都不两者都不”。（1 1）eithereither指两个中的任意一个，指两个中的任意一个，常与常与oror搭配，搭配，either.oreither.or指指“不是不是.就是就是.”.”.（2 2）neitherneither指指“两个人或物中一个也不两个人或物中一个也不”，常与常与norn

16、or一起搭配。一起搭配。Neither.nor.Neither.nor.“既既不不也不也不.”.”.(3) Either .or(3) Either .or和和 neither.nor.neither.nor.连接的并列结构作主语时，谓语动词应该连接的并列结构作主语时，谓语动词应该与离它近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。与离它近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。1). none表示“三者或三者以上都不”； (2) no one表示“没有一个人”；（1 1）nonenone既可以独立使用，也可既可以独立使用，也可以与以与ofof连用。连用。（2 2）nonenone指代人或物，既可以代替可数名指代人或物，

17、既可以代替可数名词单复数，也可以代替不可数名词。词单复数，也可以代替不可数名词。(3) No one (3) No one 只指人，只指人，不与不与ofof连用。谓语用连用。谓语用单数。一般回答以单数。一般回答以whowho引导的特殊疑问句。引导的特殊疑问句。. 整体. 个体 ? 51One goes to the park, the other goes to the zoo.Some go to the park, others go to the zoo.Some go to the park, the others go to the zoo. One goes to the park

18、, another goes to the zoo.Some go to the park, ( ) go to the zoo. Some go to the park, ( ) go to the zoo. . 复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing所组成的不定代词。 something (某事物), somebody (某人), someone (某人) ,anything (任何事物), anybody (任何人), anyone (任何人), nothing (没事物), nobody (没人), no one (没人),ev

19、erything (一切事物), everybody (每个人), everyone(每个人) 共十二个。1. 修饰后置成分eg: something important eg: something important nothing else nothing else something to eat something to eat This is something special. This is something special.2. 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg: Something is wrong with your bike.eg: Something is

20、wrong with your bike. Nothing is difficult if you put heart into it. Nothing is difficult if you put heart into it. 3. 与some-，any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some, any的用法相同。eg eg：Is anybody here? Is anybody here? Would you like something to drink? Would you like something to drink? Anything is OK. Anything is OK.

21、4. 复合不定代词的否定 “not every-”表示的是部分否定，意为“并非都，不都”。 eg：Not everything will go well. “not anything/anyone/anybody”和nothing/nobody/no one均表示全否定。 eg：He listened, but heard nothing. = He listened, but didnt hear anything. Exercise1. Mum, Im hungry. Is there _ to eat? Yes, you can have some bread on the table.

22、 A. something B. nothing C. anything2. What kind of house would you like? , Id like _with a garden in front of_. A. It, one B. one, one C. one, it D. it, itExercise3. A smile costs _, but gives so much. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything4. Ive got several novels written by MoYan. You

23、can borrow _ if you like. A. it B. one C. every D. EitherExercise5. What do you think of the movie by Zhao Wei? Terrific. I like _ very much. A.it B. him C. her D. you6. Who helped you clean the bedroom yesterday, Kitty? _. I cleaned it all by myself. A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. AnybodyExe

24、rcise7. My host family tried to cook _ for me when I studied in New Zealand. A. different something B. different anything C. something different D. anything different Exercise8. My family has two dogs. One is white, _ is black. A. other B. another C. the other D others9. Have you read todays newspaper? No, I havent. Is there _in it? A. something important B. anything special C. new anything