2017年宁波大学考研专业课试题244二外英语.pdf

1、宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第 1 页 共 9 页I. Cloze (20%)Direction: Read the passage carefully, and fill in each blank with the words given below. You cant useany word twice.punishmentswhenpolicebreakin

2、grunninglicensedrivingillegalimplementedcreditmovediscouragesuch asintroductionsimilartrafficconsiderationoffensespurposenumberON NOV 8 AND 9, a national police conference on urban traffic management was held inShanghai, according to which the1will put traffic violations, especially serious illegal

3、conductsand accidents, in the credit records of the drivers.The drivers that cause major accidents,2those involving casualties, face criminal charges orother deserved3, but the penalties for illegal behavior that is potentially dangerous but has notcaused an accident, such as4a red light, are far fr

4、om enough as drivers only get a fine anddecreasing points on their5, which fails to curb their bad6habits.Thats why the new measure, namely listing7driving conducts into drivers8_records, is a welcome9. It will help effectively10people from breaking the law. With the11of this new measure, people are

5、 expected to be more careful12driving.Some cities have already adopted a13policy, namely raising the insurance for those whohave been caught14the rules of the road. That has proved successful because the data show adecrease in the15of drivers caught running red lights and breaking the16rules.Of cour

6、se, citizens rights must be taken into17when implementing the policy includingdriving18on their credit records. Drivers should be able to appeal, and the power to edit peoplescredit records should be transparent to ensure it is not abused.Only the rule of law can govern modern society well, and cred

7、it records best serve that19.The new measure is therefore welcome and we hope it can be20smoothly and effectively.II. Reading comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choic

8、es marked A), B), C) and D). You shoulddecide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheer.宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第 2 页 共 9 页Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based o

9、n the following passage.Im usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier orunhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of thesestatements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Sti

10、ll, I was struck by areport which concluded that todays children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s.In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today thanchildren who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are Americas

11、 kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physicalisolation brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we cant turn the clock back, adults can still do plent

12、y to help the next generationcope.At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. Nochild is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals againststress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can

13、pull the plug on TVs and computers.Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they willget more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. Its not just videogames and movies; children see a lot of murder and crim

14、e on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people neverattended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties andprovide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it

15、 doesnt have to ruin yourlife.1. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about peoples state of mind are _.A) surprisingB) confusingC) illogicalD) questionable2. What does the author mean when he says, “we cant turn the clock back” (Line 1, Para. 3)?A) Its impossible to slow down the

16、pace of change.B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D) Its impossible to forget the past.宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第

17、 3 页 共 9 页3. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50years ago _.A) were less isolated physicallyB) were probably less self-centeredC) probably suffered less from anxietyD) were considered less individualistic4. The first and most important t

18、hing parents should do to help their children is _.A) to provide them with a safer environmentB) to lower their expectations for themC) to get them more involved sociallyD) to set a good model for them to follow5. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be c

19、oped with.B) Childrens anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.C) Childrens anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Engineering students are supposed to be ex

20、amples of practicality and rationality, but when itcomes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electricalengineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a largeengineering department, famous reputation and lo

21、ts of good labs and research equipment. But thats notwhat I did.I chose to study engineering at a small liberal arts (文科) university that doesnt even offer a majorin electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons.I wanted a broad education that

22、 would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me inmy career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who werentstudying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensiblechoice. They told me I was wise and m

23、ature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to bigengineering “factories” where they didnt care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be acomplete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humani

24、st (人文学者) all in one. Now Im not so sure.Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. Afterthree years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, Ihave learned there are reasons why few engineering stu

25、dents try to reconcile (协调) engineering withliberal arts courses in college.宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第 4 页 共 9 页The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is

26、that engineeringand the liberal arts simply dont mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape aperson in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fieldsof study is difficult.6. The author chose to study engineering at a small lib

27、eral arts university because he _A) wanted to be an example of practicality and rationalityB) intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistC) wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal arts courses in collegeD) intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals7. According to the author,

28、 by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can_.A) balance engineering and the liberal artsB) receive guidance in their careersC) become noble idealistsD) broaden their horizons8. In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected _A) to have an exc

29、ellent academic recordB) to be wise and matureC) to be imaginative with a value system to guide himD) to be a technical genius with a wide vision9. The authors experience shows that he was _.A) creativeB) ambitiousC) unrealisticD) irrational10. The word “they” in “. together they threaten to confuse

30、.” (Line 3, Para. 5) refers to _.A) engineering and the liberal artsB) reality and noble idealsC) flexibility and a value systemD) practicality and rationalityPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passageFor millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift wo

31、rk, all-night cable TV andthe Internet, Earths creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms.Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply put, our bodies want to sleep at night and beawake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight a

32、nd a half hours of sleep anight to function properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans dont need lesssleep as they age.)But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(

33、答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第 5 页 共 9 页the nine hours they averaged in 1910. Whats worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than sixhours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, thats not nearly enough.Finding ways to get more and better

34、 sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused bystaying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr.James F. Jones at National Jewish Medi

35、cal and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders areoften diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possiblechronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. “Before we do anything else, we lookat their sleep,” Jones says.Sleep ex

36、perts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. “Mymotto is Sleep defensively,” says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need tocarve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines like goingto bed and getting

37、up at the same time every dayare important. Pre-bedtime activities also make adifference. As with Elsner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle changes avoidingstimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath yield bettersleep.11. What is TRUE of

38、human sleep?A) Most people need less sleep when they grow older.B) Most people need seven and a half hours of sleep every night.C) On average, people in the U.S. today sleep less per night than they used to.D) For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.12. For ou

39、r bodies to function properly, we should _.A) sleep for at least eight hours per nightB) believe that we need less sleep as we ageC) adjust our activities to the new inventionsD) be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks13. According to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by

40、 _.A) other diseasesB) pre-bedtime exercisesC) improper sleep patternsD) chronic fatigue syndrome14. Which of the following measures can help you sleep better?A) Staying up late.B) Taking a hot bath.C) Having late meals.D) Traveling between time zones.宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(

41、(B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第 6 页 共 9 页15. “Sleep defensively” means that _.A) people should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosedB) people should exercise immediately before going to bed every nightC) people should sacrifice other thi

42、ngs to get enough sleep if necessaryD) people should give up going to bed and getting up at the same time every dayPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passageIt is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most ofthe misunderstandin

43、g between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that theirparents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trusttheir children to deal with crisis; that they talk too much about certain problems; and they have nosense of humor, at l

44、east in parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how theythemselves felt when young.Young people often irritate their parents with choices in clothes and hairstyle, in entertainers andmusic. This is not their motive. They f

45、eel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yetbeen accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music ofentertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additionalenjoyment. They feel they are

46、superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style andtaste.Sometimes you are resistant and proud, because you do not want your parents to approve of whatyou do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are the underdog: you cant win but at least you can keepyour honor. This is a p

47、assive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood,when you were completely under your parents control. But it ignores the fact you are now beginningto be responsible for yourself.If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan. You can charm o

48、thers,especially your parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your senseof responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.16. The author is primarily addressing _.A) parents and teachersB) newspaper readersC) those

49、who give advice to teenagersD) teenagers宁波大学宁波大学 20172017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题( (B B 卷卷) )(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码科目代码:244科目名称：科目名称：英语（二外）英语（二外）适用专业适用专业:日语语言文学日语语言文学第 7 页 共 9 页17. The first paragraph is mainly about _.A) the teenagers criticism of their parentsB) misunderstanding between teenag

50、ers and their parentsC) the dominance of the parents over their childrenD) the teenagers ability to deal with crisis18. Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyle because they _.A) want to show their existence by creating a culture of their ownB) have a strong desire to be leaders in style