2020年宁波大学考研专业课试题861（英汉互译）.doc

1、宁波大学2020年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷) (答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码： 861总分值： 150科目名称：英汉互译I. Term Definition and Explanation（510 points50 points）Directions: There are all together 5 terms concerning translation theory and practice in this part. You are required to define and explain each term with a maximum of 100 word

2、s. All your answers must be written on the Answer Sheet. 1. free translation2. hypotaxis3. faithfulness4. functional equivalence5. translation processII. English-Chinese Translation （60 points）Directions: There is one English passage in this part. You are required to translate the passage into Chine

3、se. Marks will be awarded for faithfulness and appropriateness. Please write all your translations on the Answer Sheet. In Oriental countries houses are most commonly built of local sun-dried brick or of timber. Japan is probably the country where the houses have retained their characteristic struct

4、ure and appearance with fewest changes. The traditional house has a timber frame and the wall and partitions (间壁) are light screens of paper, bamboo, or similar material. Such a light construction is suited to a climate and is less dangerous in earthquakes than heavy materials would be. In warm coun

5、tries people live much more out of doors than in the north, and consequently, the houses are simpler and more barely furnished. In Japanese houses the dimensions of all the rooms are based on those of the mats with which all floors are covered. The mat is always of the same size, so that each room i

6、s so many mats wide and so many long, thus making all houses consistent in scale and proportions. A similar standardization is beginning to appear in Western buildings with the increasing use of factory-made building componentswalls, doors, and so onof standard sizes and shapes. In the United States

7、 of America houses have changed as social customs changed. At first, American houses followed the patterns brought from Europe by the early immigrants, but, since timber was the most easily obtainable material, boarded walls and shingle roofs largely replaced bricks and tiles. Lately, different regi

8、ons have evolved their own methods of house building to suit local conditions; for instance, a low rambling house with widely spreading eaves, extending into loggias (走廊) and terraces, is typical of the Pacific coast. In addition, the plan of the house has begun to change as the American way of life

9、 has diverged more and more from the Europe. Houses are less formal, and rooms merge one into the other, providing more space for general family life and fewer rooms for special purpose. III. Chinese-English Translation （40 points）Directions: There is one English passage in this part. You are requir

10、ed to translate the whole passage into Chinese. Marks will be awarded for faithfulness and appropriateness. Please write all your translations on the Answer Sheet. 历史是一面镜子。以史为鉴，才能避免重蹈覆辙。对历史，我们要心怀敬畏、心怀良知。历史无法改变，但未来可以塑造。铭记历史，不是为了延续仇恨，而是要共同引以为戒。传承历史，不是为了纠结过去，而是要开创未来，让和平的薪火代代相传。联合国走过了70年风风雨雨，见证了各国为守护和平、

11、建设家园、谋求合作的探索和实践。站在新的历史起点上，联合国需要深入思考如何在21世纪更好回答世界和平与发展这一重大课题。世界格局正处在一个加快演变的历史性进程之中。和平、发展、进步的阳光足以穿透战争、贫穷、落后的阴霾。世界多极化进一步发展，新兴市场国家和发展中国家崛起已经成为不可阻挡的历史潮流。经济全球化、社会信息化极大解放和发展了社会生产力，既创造了前所未有的发展机遇，也带来了需要认真对待的的新威胁新挑战。“大道之行也，天下为公”。和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由，是全人类的共同价值，也是联合国的崇高目标。目标远未完成，我们仍需努力。当世界，各国相互依存、休戚与共。我们要继承和弘扬联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，打造人类命运共同体。 (共471字)第 2 页 共 2 页