2011年青岛科技大学考研专业课试题2011基础英语.doc

1、青 岛 科 技 大 学二一一年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：基础英语注意事项：1本试卷共4道大题（共计73个小题），满分150分；2本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。 Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points)1. When he _ all the newspapers, hell go home. a. sell b. has sold c. will have sold d. will be sold2. The mach

2、ine starts the moment the button _. a. will be pressed b. is pressed c. has pressed d. has been pressed3. Now that you _, what are you going to do? a. return b. are returning c. have returned d. returned4. I had hoped Mr. Smith _ me an early reply. a. would give b. gave c. to give d. giving 5. Pleas

3、e be sure to call me the next time you _. a. will come b. would come c. come d. shall come6. He went on foot, but he _ by bus. a. should go b. could have gone c. ought have gone d. could be gone 7. “Time is running out, _?” a. hadnt we better got start b. hadnt we better get start c. hadnt we better

4、 get started d. hadnt we better got started8. Were it not for the debts, we _ all right. a. would be b. would have been c. were d. are9. When Joyce was told the whole story, she _ in the film. a. ceased interest b. ceased being interested c. ceased interested d. ceased to interest10. We often hear a

5、bout airplanes _ because of technical faults. a. delaying b. being delayed c. be delayed d. to be delayed11. Revolution means _ the productive forces. a. to liberate b. liberate c. liberated d. liberating12. Why do you stand and watch the milk _ over? a. boiling b. boiled c. to boil d. being boiled1

6、3. A phone call sent him _ to the hospital. a. hurry b. hurrying c. to hurry d. hurried14. They want the power station _ as soon as possible. a. to set up b. to be set up c. being set up d. to have been set up15. Once _ oxygen, the brain dies. a. deprived of b. depriving of c. having deprived of d.

7、deprived16. Every means _ tried but without much result. a. has been b. have been c. are d. is17. The young in spirit _ the vital forces in our society. a. is b. are c. has been d. have been18. Rarely _ such a silly thing. a. have I heard of b. I have been heard of c. have I been heard of d. I have

8、heard of19. He knows little of mathematics, _ of chemistry. A. as well as b. and still less c. no less than d. and still more20. Five minutes earlier, _ we could have caught the last train. a. or b. but c. and d. so21. He works too hard. That is _ is wrong with him. a. that which b. that what c. wha

9、t d. the thing that22. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _ his father died. a. than b. as c. while d. when23. Electricity power is transmitted from power plant to places _.a. that it is needed b. to which it is needed c. where it is needed d. when it is needed24. That terrible noise is _ m

10、e mad. a. putting b. setting c. driving d. turning25. All the rooms have _ carpets, which are included in the price of the house. a. adapted b. designed c. equipped d. fitted26. Is this a good camera? Can it take color _? a. portraits b. filmshows c. pictures d. paintings27. His advice to wear white

11、 clothes in a hot, sunny climate was followed. This _ helped people to be cooler.a. demand b. recommendation c. invention d. request28. I just have a few household _ to cope with and then Ill be free to come out with you. a. assignments b. charges c. chores d. errands29. His breaking of the rules se

12、t a dangerous _. a. custom b. precedent c. practice d. usage30. They had dug out an ice cave to provide _ for the night. a. safety b. refuge c. retreat d. shelterPart II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Read the article carefully and answer the questions that follow in Section A, B, C, and D.CIVILIZ

13、ATION & HISTORY1 Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaw

14、orthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured a field, but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of the conqueror or a general or a soldier.

15、And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is

16、to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently-this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done -is not being civilized. People fight to set

17、tle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has won, but, because

18、 it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.2 That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while t

19、oday it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets-while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life-nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.3 But we must not exp

20、ect too much. After all, the race of men has only just started. From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young children indeed, babies, in fact, of a few months old. Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jelly-fish and that kind of crea

21、ture for about twelve hundred million years; but there have been men for only one million years, and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years at the outside. These figures are difficult to grasp; so let us scale them down. Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures

22、 on the earth as one hundred years; then the whole past of man works out at about one month, and during that month there have been civilizations for between seven and eight hours. So you see there has been little time to learn in, but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better. Taking man

23、s civilized past at about seven or eight hours, we may estimate his future, that is to say, the whole period between now and when the sun grows too cold to maintain life any longer on the earth, at about one hundred thousand years. Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its civilized life, and as

24、I say, we must not expect too much. The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business, a business of fighting and bullying and gorging and grabbing and hurting. We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things. All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done

25、 something else. Section AAnswer the following questions.31. This essay can be divided into two main parts, although it has three paragraphs. Where do you think the second part begins-at the beginning of the second paragraph or of the third? 32. Which of the following sentences gives the best summar

26、y of the first part?(a) Some of the people who helped civilization forward are not mentioned at all in history books.(b) Conquerors and generals have been our most famous men, but they did not help civilization forward.(c) It is true that people today do not fight or kill people in the streets.33. W

27、hich of the following sentences best summarizes the second part of the essay?(a) In order to understand the long periods of history, we have to scale them down to shorter periods.(b) The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business.(c) Mankind is only at the beginning of civilized lif

28、e; so we must expect a great deal of civilization at this stage.34. What the examples does the author give of people who really helped civilization forward?35. In what way are great soldiers similar to animals?36. Are people today more civilized in any way than in the past? If so, in what way?37. Wh

29、at were the earliest forms of life on this earth?38. When will there be no life on this earth, according to the author?39. The word figure is both used in the first paragraph and in the third. Does it have the same meaning in both places? If not, what are its two different meanings?40. Is the author

30、 hopeful about the figure of civilization? How do you know?Section B Answer the questions by choosing the best alternative (a, b, c, d) under each.41. In the first sentence, the author says that_.(a) most history books were written by conquerors, general and soldiers.(b) no one who really helped civ

31、ilization forward is mentioned in any history books.(c) history books tell us far more about conquerors and soldiers than about thosewho helped civilization forward.(d) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.42. On all the highest pillars in the great cities of th

32、e world, we find _.(a) the figure of the same conqueror or general or soldier.(b) the figure of some conqueror or general or soldier.(c) a figure representing the number of conquerors, generals and soldiers in that country.(d) the figure of a person who helped civilization forward.43. Most people be

33、lieve that the greatest countries are _. (a) those that built the highest pillars. (b) those that were beaten in battle by the greatest number of other countries. (c) those that were ruled by the greatest number of conquerors. (d) those that won greatest number of battles against other countries.44.

34、 In the authors opinion, the countries that ruled a large number of other countries are _. (a) certainly not the greatest in any way. (b) neither the greatest not the most civilized (c) possibly the most civilized but not the greatest.(d) possibly the greatest in some sense but not the most civilize

35、d.45. The author says that civilized people _.(a) should not have any quarrels to settle.(b) should not fight when there are no quarrels to settle.(c) should settle their quarrels without fighting.(d) should settle their quarrels by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side

36、. 46. That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right. The meaning of this sentence is that _.(a) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.(b) only those who are powerful should go to war.(c) those who are right should fight against those who are wron

37、g.(d) in a war only those who are powerful will win.47. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history. The author says this in order to show that our own age is _.(a) different from those of the past.(b) not much better than those of the past.(c) much better than those of the past.(d)

38、 not so civilized as those of the past.48. From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young children indeed. The author says this in order to show that _.(a) very young children are not civilized.(b) evolution does not help civilization forward.(c) human beings have learnt very littl

39、e in a very long time. (d) human beings are still at the beginning of their life on this earth.49. The scale which the author uses for representing time is _. (a) one month = one million years. (b) one hundred years = eight thousand years. (c) one year = one million years. (d) one month = twelve hun

40、dred million years.50. We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things. Thissuggests that _. (a) those who have done any fighting and bullying cannot be considered civilized. (b) there is nothing wrong if civilized people do some fighting and bullying. (c) even civilized peop

41、le have done some fighting and bullying. (d) civilized people have never done any fighting and bullying.Section CFind single words in this essay which have roughly the meanings given below.51. uncivilized person52. fertilized53. image of a person made from stone, metal etc.54. quarrel or difference

42、of opinion55. strength or power56. all human beings considered together57. boneless sea-animal which evolved very early on58. count or estimate59. as bad as animals in behaviors60. causing painSection D Match the words given under A with the meaning given under B. list B has some extra items. A B61.

43、 grab (a) gradual development62. mutilate (b) honorable, famous63. seaworthy (c) a straight, tall support64. reckon (d) good at producing results65. conqueror (e) fit to sail in the sea(f) think (on the basis of a calculation)66. glorious (g) get hold of 67. bully (h) one who defeats another country

44、68. pillar (i) be cruel to someone weaker69. evolution (j) destroy or injure an important part70. efficient (k) one who gets other people to fight for him (l) put things on a smaller scale (m) an officer of the navyPart III Translation (50 points)Section A Translate the underlined part of the Chines

45、e text into English.人生里有离别也是好事。如果没有离别，人就不能真正珍惜相聚的时刻；如果没有离别，人间就再也没有重逢的喜悦。离别从这个观点看，是好的。我们总认为相聚是幸福的，离别便不免哀伤。但这幸福是比较而来的，若没有哀伤做衬托，幸福的滋味也就不能体会了。再从深一点的观点来思考，这世间有许多的“怨僧会”，在相聚时感到重大痛苦的人比比皆是，如果没有离别这件好事，他们不是要永受折磨，永远沉沦于悔恨之中吗？幸好，人生有离别。因相聚而幸福的人，离别是好，使那些相思的泪都化成甜美的水晶；因相聚而痛苦的人，离别最好，雾散云消看见了开阔的蓝天。可以因缘离散，对处在苦难中的人，有时候正是生命的期待与盼望。聚与散、幸福与悲哀、失望与希望，假如我们愿意品尝，样样都有滋味，样样都是生命中不可或缺的。Section B Translate the underlined part