Mayan-玛雅文明精讲PPT课件.ppt

1、-1MAYAN CIVILIZATION 玛雅文明Present by : 吴泽敏 史晓桐刘敏怡 胡佳昕-2Some films and television works-3ORIGIN玛雅起源-4The Maya civilization is a Mesoamerican（中美洲），noted for the only known fully developed written language of the pre-Columbian Americas as well as its art，architecture , mathematical and astronomical syst

2、ems .Maya History-5Initially established during the preclassic period many of these reached their apogee（顶点）of development during the classic period ，and continued throughout the post classic period until the arrival of the Spainish . At its peak ，it was one of the most densely (密集地)populated dynami

3、c societies in the world.Maya History-6origin玛雅起源Brief IntroductionGeographical ExtentWest borders Pacific Ocean fertile plainYucatan PeninsulaCenotes (excavated caverns) for water in east-7RELIGION玛雅宗教啊-8religion玛雅宗教啊Religion interwinds culture life.宗教与文化生活息息相关。 The capital of a city-state is also

4、the center of religions.城邦的首都同样也是宗教的中心。 Mayan have great faith in religion.玛雅人对宗教的信仰坚定不移。They worship helios, rain god, god of death, god of grain, Mars, god of corn etc. 他们崇拜太阳神、雨神、五谷神、死神、战神、玉米神等。-9MYSTERY RELIC玛雅神秘文物-10Mystery relic玛雅神秘文物Crystal skull-11 Death maskMystery relic玛雅神秘文物-12CHARACTER A

5、ND NUMBER玛雅文字数字-13character玛雅文字啊Mayan glyphsp First appeared Ca. the Christian era p 800 hieroglyphs translatedp Mainly represent days, months, numbers, directions, colors and deities. p Most of them recorded on stone tablet石碑, plank木板, pottery and books。-14character玛雅文字啊p A set of syllabic glyphs,

6、each chracter contains four syllabaries. p somewhat similar in function to modern Japanese writing.-15Math玛雅数学 Math based on multiples of 20 0, 1, 2 5, 6 10, 11 15, 16-16CALENDAR玛雅历法啊-17calendar玛雅历法啊Complex calendar systemp the Tzolkin卓金历 260 days a cyclep 太阴历 6 months a cyclep the lunar calendar 阴月

7、历 29 or 30 days a cyclep the solar calendar 太阳历 365 days a cycle-18calendar玛雅历法啊Amazing!地球年地球年 Now 365.2422 days， Mayan 365.2420 days。金星年金星年 The time that Venus turn a round at the sun. Now 584 days Mayan 583.92 days-19calendar玛雅历法啊Primary lifeButAccurate math,astronomy,calendarMystery -20meaning玛雅研

8、究启示8世纪末世纪末-9世纪末世纪末 玛雅文明毁灭：玛雅文明毁灭：Maya civilization in that region had collapsed ,the Classic cities in the southern lowlands were abandoned原因不得而知原因不得而知众人观点：众人观点：nexhaust the environment around them that it could no longer sustain a very large population.n constant warfare among competing city-states

9、 led the complicated military, family and trade alliances between them to break down, along with the traditional system of dynastic power.As the stature of the holy lords diminished, their complex traditions of rituals and ceremonies dissolved into chaos. Finally, some catastrophic environmental cha

10、ngelike an extremely long, intense period of droughtmay have wiped out the Classic Maya civilization. -21meaning玛雅研究启示overpopulation, overuse of the land, endemic warfare and droughtuSo what lessons can we draw from the Mayan civilization collapse?harmony between countries. -22meaning玛雅研究启示do something to care about our mother world.the overpopulation. -23玛雅文明Present by : 吴泽敏 史晓桐刘敏怡 胡佳昕MAYAN CIVILIZATIONThank you！