初中英语语法可数名词及不可数名词课件.ppt

1、Module 2 The natural worldOxford EnglishThe EarthWhat things are there on Earth?plantfieldmountainriverforestpollutionwaterlandairfoodrubbishseaanimallightplaceUncountable nounsanimalplacerivermountainfieldforestplantlightpollutionairrubbishlandwaterfoodseaIn English, we can count some things, e.g.

2、rivers and mountains. We cannot count other things, e.g. water and air. Countable nounsUncountable nounsone animal, two animalssome rubbishI have a world map at home. There is an article about the Earth.All plants need light and water. This plant is beautiful. These animals are dangerous.Air has no

3、smell.Water is important.countable noun (可数名词）uncountable noun： (不可数名词） _数数 （前面通常有（前面通常有_ 或或 _） _数（加数（加s/ es等其他变化）等其他变化） 无无_形式，前面不能加形式，前面不能加_或或_，后面不能加，后面不能加s/es.单aan复复数aan可数名词复数形式可数名词复数形式 可数名词的复数形式，通常是可数名词的复数形式，通常是在单数形式在单数形式后加后加“-s”或或“-es”，其变化如下：，其变化如下： 1. 一般情况在词尾加一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：，例如： book books pen p

4、ens girl girls 2. 以以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加结尾的词加-es，例如：，例如： bus buses watch watches box boxes brush brushes 3. 以以辅音字母加辅音字母加y结尾的词，变结尾的词，变”y”为为”i”再再加加-es，例如：，例如： city cities country countries family families 4. 以以o结尾的词多数加结尾的词多数加-es，例如：，例如： hero heroes tomato tomatoes potato potatoes 例外：例外：photo photos piano

5、 pianos 5. 以以f或或fe结尾的词，多数变结尾的词，多数变f为为v，再加，再加-es，例如：例如： knife knives leaf leaves half halves 6. 少数名词有少数名词有不规则不规则的复数形式，例如：的复数形式，例如： man men woman women tooth teeth child children 写出下列名词的复数形式写出下列名词的复数形式 1. tomato _ 2. she _ 3. peach _ 4. watch _ 5. bus _ 6. factory _ 7. foot _ 8. life _ 9. box _ 10. ba

6、g _ 11. map _ 12. house _ 13. shelf _ 14. dictionary _tomatoestheypeacheswatchesbusesfactoriesfeetlivesboxesbagsmapshousesshelvesdictionaries 不可数名词不可数名词一般没有复数形式一般没有复数形式，不能不能与不定冠词与不定冠词（a, an）连用。如果要表示）连用。如果要表示“量量”，可以用如下，可以用如下方法：方法： 1. 用用much, a little, little, a lot of, some等表示，例等表示，例如：如： He has a lot

7、 of money. 他有很多钱。他有很多钱。 There is some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶玻璃杯里有一些牛奶不可数名词的量的表示不可数名词的量的表示 2. 用用“数词数词+名词（量）名词（量）+ of +不可数名词不可数名词”，例如：，例如： a piece of paper a bottle of milk a cup of coffee two pieces of paper three bottles of milk four cups of coffee a piece of a loaf of a slice ofWe use them wi

8、th (countable/uncountable) nouns.翻译以下短语翻译以下短语 1. 一个苹果一个苹果 _ 2. 一杯茶一杯茶 _ 3. 三个男孩三个男孩 _ 4. 五张纸五张纸 _ 5. 一些水果一些水果 _ 6. 很多学生很多学生 _ 7. 很多人很多人 _an applea cup of teathree boysfive pieces of papersome fruitsmany studentsmany peopleA1 Read the sentences below and decide whether the nouns in red are countable

9、or uncountable. Write the words in the correct columns.1 There is grass in a forest.2 Do not throw rubbish into the river.3 The air is fresh in the mountains. 4 The flowers are beautiful. Let me take a photo.5 We should drink water every day. Here is a glass for you. forestrivermountainsflowersphoto

10、glassgrassrubbishairwaterbottle/milkbox/eggbowl/riceglass/waterbag/applecup/coffee123456S1: Whats this? S2: Its a bottle. S1: Whats inside it? S2: Some milk. S1: What are these? S2: Theyre boxes. S1: Whats inside them? S2: Some eggs. A2 In pairs, ask and answer questions about each photo. Follow the

11、 example. 3. S1: Whats this? S2: Its a bowl. S1: Whats inside it? S2: Some rice.4. S1: Whats this? S2: Its a glass. S1: Whats inside it? S2: Some water.5. S1: What are these? S2: Theyre cups. S1: Whats inside them? S2: Some coffee.6. S1: What are these? S2: Theyre bags. S1: Whats inside them? S2: So

12、me apples.B Using there is/are Describe the pictures above with the sentence pattern below:There is/are _ on the table.When to use?We often use there is or there are to say that something exists somewhere.There isa beautiful world under the water. a lot of pollution on Earth.Is there any water in th

13、e glass?Yes, there is. No, there isnt. There are different plants and animals on Earth.Are there five apples in the bag?Yes, there are.No, there arent.How to use?there be句型句型 肯定句：肯定句： there is/are. 否定句：否定句： there isnt /arent . 否定句：否定句： Is there.? Are there .?Note the difference below: There _ a glas

14、s of water and three apples on the table.There _ three apples and a glass of water on the table. there is = _there is not = _there are not = _theresthere isntthere arentisare We use _ with a singular noun or an uncountable noun. （单数名词和不可数名词前） We use _ with a plural noun. （复数名词前） there is there are 1

15、. 当当be动词后动词后的名词是的名词是单数可数名词单数可数名词或或不可不可数名词数名词时，时，be应该用单数应该用单数is；其后的名词是；其后的名词是复复数的可数名词数的可数名词时，时，be应该用复数应该用复数are. eg. There _ a man over there. There _ some water in the bottle. There _ many students in the playground.isisare there be 句型中的句型中的be应和其后出现的名词保应和其后出现的名词保持一致，即持一致，即“就近原则就近原则”。 eg. There is an

16、apple in the basket. There are some bananas in the basket. There is an apple and some bananas in the basket. There are some bananas and an apple in the basket.Jane: (1)_ pollution in the sea. What can we do to help protect the sea? Danny: (2)_ many things we can do. We can have a beach clean-up day.

17、 You see, (3)_ always many bottles on the beaches. They pollute the sea. Jane: Thats a good idea! What else can we do? Danny: We can ask people not to eat shark fin soup. (4)_ a seafood restaurant near your home? Jane: No, (5)_. (6)_ any other things we can do to help? Jane is asking Danny about wha

18、t they can do to help protect the sea. Complete their conversation with there is (not), is there, there are or are there. There isThere areThere areIs therethere isntAre there1. There _ not _ milk in the cup on the table.A.are, many B. are, much C. is, many D. is, much2. How many _ are there in the

19、room?A.apple B. students C. milk D. paper3. How many boys _ there in Class One?A.be B. is C. are D. am4. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper.A. is B. are C. was D. wereDBCA5. There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some6. Is there an

20、y water or air on the moon? _.A. Yes, there are B. No, there isntC. Yes, there isnt D. No, there is7. There _ a film tomorrow evening,A. will have B. have C. is going to be D. hasABC8. Is this the last exam we have to take? No, but there _ another test three weeks later.A. will be going to B. is C.

21、will be D. has been9. There _ a football match on TV tonight.A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have10. There is a truck _ rubbish outside.A. collects B. collecting C. collected D. collectCBB11. _ any flowers on both sides of the street?A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have12. Th

22、ere are two students _ in that room.A. sings B. sing C. are singing D. singingBD 1. 你们班有多少学生？你们班有多少学生？ 2. 你的钱包里有多少钱？你的钱包里有多少钱？ 3. There are seven days in a week? 4. There is a knife over there. 5. There is a little milk in the glass.How many students are there in your class?How much money is there i

23、n your purse?How many days are there in a week?Where is the knife?What is in the glass?1. Could you give us _ ? Sure.A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters2. There is some _ on the plate.A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears3. The little baby

24、 has two _ already.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. toothesBBC 4. Its dangerous here. We should let _ go first.A. woman and children B. women and childC. women and childs D. women and children5. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white.A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are6. Her two brothers are both

25、 _ .A. Policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemensDBC7. There are four _ and two _ in the group. A. Japanese; Germen B. Japaneses; Germen C. Japanese; Germans8. Two _ would come to the village. A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors9. Can you see nine _ in the pict

26、ure? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horseCCA10. There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss11. The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. micesCB1. Autumn is my favourite _ (季节季节).2. How many _ (小刀小刀) do you have? Three.3. Many _ (Chinese

27、) are working in foreign countries.4. All the _ (run) are ready to run.5. I need two _ (cup) of _ (tea).6. Maths _ (be) my favourite subject.seasonknivesChineserunnerscupsteais7. There is some _ (food) in the basket.8. There are five _ (people) in his family.9. Lets take _ (photo), ok?10. I would like some apple _ (juice). Im very thirsty.foodpeoplephotosjuice