Unit 2 Words and Expressionsppt课件-(2022新)人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、UNIT 2 Looking Into the Future Words and ExpressionsGoals:1. Learn the usages of some words and expressions2. Use the words and expressions flexibly according to the situation 1. persuade教材原句：教材原句： For example,the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade.比如, in my o

2、pinion 这个短语告诉我们, 这篇文章可能意在说服。 pswed vt. 劝说劝说; 说服说服_pswen n. 说服说服; 劝说劝说_pswesiv adj. 有说服力的；persuasionpersuasive1） In the end I persuaded him of its truth.最终,我使他相信这是真的。2）It was hard to persuade him to give up/into giving up smoking.说服他戒烟很难。3）He persuaded me out of going to the party.他说服我不去参加聚会。根据下面例句，总

3、结根据下面例句，总结 persuade 的用法的用法persuade sb. of sth 使某人相信某事persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. out of doing sth. =persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不做某事persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事,强调劝服的结果;而advise / try to persuade sb to do sth劝说某人做某事,强调劝说的动作。我极力劝他学日语,但他觉得这不是个好主意。I trie

4、d to persuade him to learn Japanese,but he didnt think it a good idea.=I advised him to learn Japanese,but he didnt think it a good idea.【温馨提示】练一练练一练1) We _him _(take) the job. 我们说服了他接受这份工作。2) My mother finally _ me _ (go) to the party.妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。3) How can I _you _my sincerity？ 我如何能让你相信我是真诚真诚的？

5、persuaded to take / into takingnot to go / out of goingpersuaded persuade of 2. switch swt vt. 转换转换; 交换交换; (使使)改变改变; 转变转变 n.开关开关; 转换器转换器; 改变改变教材原句：Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? 或者,你是否忘记过关电视或电脑?_关关/开开(电灯、机器等电灯、机器等)switch off/on关闭关闭/打开打开 =turn off/on (用于开关电灯、机器、电器、燃气、水、

6、手机等用于开关电灯、机器、电器、燃气、水、手机等)根据下面例句，总结根据下面例句，总结 switch 的用法的用法1) If you press a button or switch, you will make the machine work. 2) We had to make a switch in our arrangements. 3) She successfully switched from a singer to a film star. 4) Please switch on the lights. 5) Weve switched over to telephone b

7、anking. 6) I switched these books with my sister.你如果按下按钮或开关，就会让机器工作起来。我们不得不对我们的安排做些改变。她成功地从一名歌手转型为一位电影明星。请开灯。我们已经改用电话银行服务了。我和我妹妹交换了一下这些书。make a switch in 在在方面做出转变方面做出转变 switch from to 由由转变为转变为 switch/turn on/off 打开打开/关上（电器等）关上（电器等）switch over to 转变；换频道，转换到转变；换频道，转换到 switch sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物和某人交换

8、某物练一练练一练1) Ladies and gentlemen, please_(关闭手机)! The meeting is about to begin.2) The wind _ (由北转向了南) in the evening.3) He first majored in history but then _ (转为) art.4) She _(做出改变) in our plan to go swimming when it started to rain.5) Where are the _ (switch) in this room on this machine? switch of

9、f your mobile phonesswitched from north to south switched over to made a switch switches 3. distant: adj. 遥远的遥远的; 远处的远处的; 疏远的疏远的; 心不在焉的心不在焉的 be +距离距离+distant from 离离有有远远 in the not too distant future 在不久的将来在不久的将来 in the far/distant future: 在遥远的将来在遥远的将来distance: Cn/Un. 距离距离; sing.远处远处; U遥远遥远 in the d

10、istance: 在远处在远处 by distance 按里程按里程at/from a distance 从远处，隔一段距离从远处，隔一段距离 keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定的距离，与某人保持一定的距离， 对某人冷淡对某人冷淡 distantly adv. 遥远地，冷淡地遥远地，冷淡地4. secure adj. 安全的安全的; 安心的安心的;可靠的可靠的; 牢固的牢固的 vt. 获得获得; 拴牢拴牢; 保护保护 be/feel secure about 对对有把握有把握 be secure against/from sth. 免遭某事免遭某事/没有没有的危险的危

11、险 secure sth. against/from sth. 保护某物免遭保护某物免遭 secure sth. to sth. 把把栓牢在栓牢在 a secure job/income 稳定的工作稳定的工作/收入收入 insecure adj. 不安全的，不可靠的不安全的，不可靠的security: n. 安全安全; 平安平安; 保护措施保护措施; 安全工作安全工作securely adv. 安全地，安心地安全地，安心地1)These smart homes will keep us , save us energy, and provide a more comfortable envir

12、onment to live in. 2)At last they were able to feel about the future.3)Has she found a job with good pay?4) The president some support from the middle class.5)You must the school attack.securesecuresecurehas securededsecureagainst5. remote: adj. 远程的远程的; 偏远的偏远的 比较级比较级 remoter 最高级最高级remotest in the re

13、mote/past future 在遥远的过去在遥远的过去/将来将来 a remote control 遥控器遥控器 remotely adv. 遥远地，偏僻地，冷淡地遥远地，偏僻地，冷淡地distant adj. 遥远的遥远的; 久远的久远的 (指在空间或时间上遥远的指在空间或时间上遥远的)faraway adj. 遥远的遥远的; 远方的远方的 (指距离很远的指距离很远的,只作定语只作定语)far adj. 远的远的; 遥远的遥远的 (指空间距离远的指空间距离远的)6. automatic adj. 自动的自动的automatically: adv. 自动地，无意识地自动地，无意识地7. e

14、fficient : adj. 效率高的效率高的; 有功效的有功效的efficiently: adv. 有效地有效地; 效率高地效率高地effective : adj. 有效的有效的1)She is really a very efficient person. 2)We must make the most efficient use of the money.3)The factory is very efficient at making medicine.8. preferenceprefrns n. 爱好爱好; 偏爱偏爱_ prf v. (更更) 喜欢；愿意；宁愿喜欢；愿意；宁愿pr

15、efer教材原句：Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好,所以每天晚上你回家时,一切都会为你准备就绪。1) I have a preference for sweet food.我更喜欢甜食。2) We give preference to those who have a good knowledge of first aid.我们优先考虑那些掌

16、握急救知识的人。根据下面例句，总结根据下面例句，总结 preference 的用法的用法have a preference for.express/show preference for. give（ a） preference to 给.以优惠/优待； 优先考虑偏爱 prefer (doing) sth. prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. prefer to do sth.prefer sb. to do sth.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 【想一想想一想】prefer用法：用法： 更喜欢/宁愿喜欢而不喜欢

17、宁愿做某事宁愿某人做某事宁愿做而不愿做孩子们宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。孩子们宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。1) The children preferred _ (cycle) to the countryside to _ indoors all day.2) The children preferred _ to the countryside rather than _ indoors all day.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。cyclingstayingto cyclestay练一练练一练1) You prefer healthy food _

18、 fast food.2) Unlike fast food places, fine dining shops prefer customers _(stay) longer and spend more.3) We give _(prefer) to those who have worked with us for a long time.4) I have a strong_(prefer) for sweet food over spicy.5) Lucy _sweets as her snacks while Lily has a _ for nuts. (prefer)6) Wh

19、ich is your _, tea or coffee?(prefer)preferencepreferencepreferencepreferenceprefersto stayto9. instantnstnt n. 瞬间瞬间; 片刻片刻 adj. 立即的立即的; 速速食的食的; 速溶的速溶的_: adv. 立刻立刻; 马上马上 instantly教材原句：教材原句：Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favorite music or TV programs.当你一进门，灯光就会

20、随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目一起亮起来。the instant = instantly/ as soon as/the moment/ the minute/immediately/ directly 一一就就in an instant 立刻，马上立刻，马上for an instant 一会儿一会儿instant coffee 速溶咖啡速溶咖啡instant noodles 方便面方便面1） Your mother will be back _. 你妈妈马上回来。你妈妈马上回来。2） I couldnt answer _. 我一时答不上来。我一时答不上来。3）I want to have a

21、cup of_coffee. 我想要杯速溶咖啡。我想要杯速溶咖啡。4）I woke up _ the phone rang. 电话一响我就醒了。电话一响我就醒了。练一练练一练for an instantin an instantthe instant instant 10. command kmnd n. 指令指令; 命令命令; 控制控制 vt. 命令命令; 控制控制commander n. 负责人，指挥官负责人，指挥官教材原句：All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine,

22、 you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.所有的控制系统都会对语音指令做出反应，所以如果你想改变你的日常生活，只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。1).My mother has a good command of several languages, such as English, French, Danish. 2).The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 3). The army is under the kings command. 4). He

23、 commanded that the students (should) cross the river.根据下面例句，总结根据下面例句，总结 command 的用法的用法 我妈妈精通好几种语言，比如英语、法语和丹麦语。那名军官命令士兵们开火。这支军队由国王的控制。他命令学生们过河。have a . command of sth. 精通精通/控制某事控制某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事be under the command of=be under ones command 由某人指挥由某人指挥/控制控制 command + that从句（从句从

24、句（从句should +V原，原，should可省）命令做可省）命令做用法小结：用法小结：练一练练一练【语境应用语境应用】 完成句子。完成句子。1) Hes studied in the US and _ (精通英语精通英语).2) You must obey _ (老师的命令老师的命令).3) I command _ (你立即动身你立即动身).4) The headmaster has 400 teachers _ 校长手下有校长手下有400名教师。名教师。has a good command of Englishthe teachers commandsyou to start at on

25、ce/that you (should) start at once under his command11. obey vi./vt. 服从服从; 遵守遵守 obey a command/an order 服从指挥服从指挥/命令命令 obey the rule/law 遵守规章遵守规章/法律反义词法律反义词： disobey vi/vt 不服从，违抗不服从，违抗12. warning: n. 警告警告; 警示警示; 先兆先兆 give sb. a warning 向某人向某人发出警告发出警告 without any warning 没有没有任何任何先兆先兆 a warning signal

26、警告信号警告信号 warning of / about sth. 关于某事的警告关于某事的警告warn: v. 警告警告; 告戒告戒; 提醒注意提醒注意 warn sb. of/about/against sth. 提醒某人注意某事提醒某人注意某事warn sb.not to do sth. 告诫告诫/警告警告/提醒某人提醒某人不不做某事做某事warn sb. against doing sth. 提醒某人不要做某事提醒某人不要做某事13. constant: n. 常数常数; 常量常量 adj. 不断的不断的; 重复的重复的; 不变的不变的 constantly: adv. 始终始终; 一直

27、一直; 重复不断地重复不断地14. abnormal adj. 不正常的不正常的; 反常的反常的 normal adj. 正常的正常的;平常的平常的15. critical : adj. 严重的严重的; 关键的关键的; 批判性的批判性的 critical point 转折点转折点 be critical to sth. 对对至关重要至关重要 be critical of 对对持批评的态度持批评的态度critic n. 评论家评论家criticize v. 批评，评论批评，评论 criticize sb. for sth./doing sth. 因因指责某人指责某人critically adv.

28、 批判性地批判性地16. potentially adv. 潜在地潜在地; 可能地可能地 potential adj. 可能的，潜在的可能的，潜在的 n. 潜力，可能性潜力，可能性 develop ones potential 开发某人的潜力开发某人的潜力 achieve/fulfil/realize ones potential发挥某人的潜力发挥某人的潜力 have potential for doing sth. 有可能有可能/有潜力做某事有潜力做某事 have the potential to do. 有潜力做某事有潜力做某事1)We should try to help all stu

29、dents realize their full potential. 2)He has the potential to become a world-class musician.17. leak vi./vt. 漏漏; 渗漏渗漏; 透露透露 n. 漏洞漏洞; 裂缝裂缝; 透露透露 leak sth. to sb. 向某人泄露某事向某人泄露某事 leak out 泄露，走漏，透露泄露，走漏，透露1)The pipe has leaked a lot of water. 管道漏了很多水管道漏了很多水2)The editor leaked the news to the press(新闻界新闻

30、界) last night.3)The leak in the roof will be repaired tomorrow.4)There is a leak in the gas pipe.18. electrical adj. 电的电的; 用电的用电的electricity n. 电电electric adj. 电的电的;用电的用电的;带电的带电的;发电的发电的;电动的电动的electric 通常指使用电力使其工作的东西通常指使用电力使其工作的东西 electric lights/blankets/cars电灯电灯/电热毯电热毯/电动汽车电动汽车electrical则与更概括的名词如则与

31、更概括的名词如equipment, wiring电线电线 等连用等连用, 以及与电有关的事物连用。以及与电有关的事物连用。 不过现在两者的区别并不总是如此明显不过现在两者的区别并不总是如此明显electrical equipment/appliances /power/ energy/wiring/signal/engineer/shock: 电气设备电气设备/电器电器/电力电力/电能电能/电线线路电线线路/电信号电信号/电气工程师电气工程师/触电触电electric light(lamp)/guitar/drill/chair/ clock/bell/ fan /iron/stove/pow

32、er/shock: 电灯电灯/电吉他电吉他/电钻电钻/电椅电椅/电钟电钟/电铃电铃/电扇电扇/电熨斗电熨斗/电炉电炉/电力电力/触电触电19. wire n.电线电线; 金属丝金属丝/线线 v. 接通电源接通电源; 将将连接到连接到 wire . (up) to. 将将连接到连接到. wire sth. up 用导线给某物用导线给某物建筑物建筑物/设备设备接通电源接通电源wireless adj. 无线的无线的1)Dont touch that wire or you will get a shock.2)Make sure the wires dont touch.3)Is your hou

33、se wired up now?4)The woman was wired up to a police recorder.20. detect vt. 发现发现; 查明查明 detect a change/difference 察觉变化察觉变化 detect the disease 查出疾病查出疾病 detective n. 侦探，警探，私人侦探侦探，警探，私人侦探 detective novel / fiction 侦探小说侦探小说 detectable adj. 可检测的，可发觉的可检测的，可发觉的 detection Un. 侦查，探测，发现，察觉侦查，探测，发现，察觉 detecto

34、r n. 检测器，侦查器检测器，侦查器1)The tests are designed to detect the disease early.2)It is difficult to detect the cause of the girls death.21. relevant adj. 有关的有关的; 有意义的有意义的 be relevant to 与与有关有关 relevant information 相关信息相关信息 irrelevant adj. 无关的；不切题的无关的；不切题的 be irrelevant to sth./sb. 与与不相关不相关 relevantly adv.

35、有关地，切题地有关地，切题地 related: adj. 相关的相关的;有联系的有联系的 be related to. 与与有联系有联系 relate to 涉及涉及 relate to 把把 和和联系起来联系起来 22. catch fire: 着火着火(表动作，不与时间段连用表动作，不与时间段连用) be on fire: 着火着火(表状态，可与时间段连用表状态，可与时间段连用) seton fire=set fire to. 放火烧放火烧put out a fire 灭火灭火 fight a fire 救火救火make a fire 生火生火 play with fire 玩火玩火,做危

36、险的事做危险的事23. availablevelbl adj. 可获得的可获得的; 可购得的可购得的; (人人)有空的有空的教材原句：Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.许多这些新发明已经可以购买,并在一些家庭中使用。1). The documents are available for inspection. 这些文件可供查看。2). Not enough data is available to scientists.科学家没有足够的数据。3). Im afraid

37、 I m not available to help with your homework.恐怕我没有时间帮你做作业了。根据下面例句，总结根据下面例句，总结 available 的用法的用法be available to. .可获得；可被.利用be available for 对.有用be available to do sth. 有空做某事练一练练一练1). Mr. Smith _ the meeting on Thursday.史密斯先生没有时间参加星期四的会议。2). _ this afternoon?今天下午她有空吗?3). Im afraid_ help with the show

38、on the 19th.恐怕19号的演出我没空帮忙。4)._, because it is being repaired. 我的自行车现在不能用，因为它正在修理。My bike is not available now Im not available toWill she be availablewas not available for24. in this sense (insense): 从这种从这种(某种某种)意义上来讲意义上来讲in a/one way = in some ways:在某种程度上在某种程度上in a sense 在某种意义在某种意义上上 in no sense 决不

39、决不make sense of 弄明白弄明白make no sense 毫无意义毫无意义a sense of humor/duty/belonging幽默感幽默感/责任感责任感/归属感归属感there is no sense doing sth. 做某事毫无道理做某事毫无道理In this sense, women and men have equal rights.25. combine vt./vi. (使使)结合结合; 混合混合 combine and/with 把把与与合并合并 combine against 联合起来反对联合起来反对 combine to do sth. 联合起来做某

40、事联合起来做某事 combination n. 联合体联合体;混合体混合体;结合结合;联合联合;混合混合 in combination with 与与结合结合/联合联合combined adj. 结合的，合并的结合的，合并的 be combined with 与与相结合相结合26. cant help but do sth. 忍不住或无法抑制做某事 不可能避免做某事;不得不做cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事27. artificial adj. 人工的人工的; 人造的人造的; 假的假的 artificial flow

41、er/smile: 假花假花 artificial light/material/product/fur /leather/diamond/pearl/silk 人造的人造的光光/材料材料/产品产品/皮毛皮毛/皮革皮革/钻石钻石/珠宝珠宝/丝绸丝绸28. predict vt. 预测预测; 预言预言; 预料预料 be predicted to do sth. 预计做某事预计做某事 be hard/difficult to predict 难以预计难以预计 it is predicted that 据预测据预测 as sb. had predicted 正如某人所预料正如某人所预料 predic

42、tion n. 预测预测; 预言预言; 预告预告 make a prediction/predictions 做出预测做出预测 predictable adj. 可预见的可预见的 反反: unpredictable predictor n. 预言者预言者1)It is impossible to predict what will happen.2)Nobody can predict the result of the experiment.29. forecast vt./n. 预测预测; 预报预报weather forecast: 天气预报天气预报forecast sth. to do

43、sth. 预测某物做某事预测某物做某事forecast the future 预测未来预测未来1)The weather forecast said it would snow hard tomorrow.2)Some experts are forecasting a recovery in the economy.3)Heavy rain is forecast/forecasted for tonight.4)The report forecasts that prices will rise by 4% next year.30. occupation n. 职业职业;占领占领 occ

44、upied adj.已占用的已占用的 be under occupation 在占领下在占领下 occupy v. 占领占领; 占据占据; 担任担任;使用使用;占用占用 occupy oneself in doing sth./with sth. = be occupied in doing sth./with sth. = be busy doing sth./with sth. 忙于忙于做做某事某事 31. oppose: vt. 反对反对; 抵制抵制; 阻挠阻挠 opposesb.doing sth. 反对反对某人某人做某事做某事opposed adj. 相反的相反的 be oppose

45、d to doing sth. 反对反对(做做)某事某事opposition n. 反对，反抗反对，反抗 in opposition to sb./sth. 强烈反对强烈反对/抵制抵制opposite prep.介词介词 在在对面，对面，adj. 对面的对面的,相反的相反的 adv. 在对面在对面 n. 相反的人或物；对立物相反的人或物；对立物 be opposite to 与与相反相反 have the opposite effect 起反作用起反作用32. cease: vi./vt. (使使)停止停止; 终止终止 (正式用词正式用词) cease doing sth. =cease to

46、 do sth. 停止做什么停止做什么stop doing 停止停止正在做的正在做的.stop to do 停下来去做停下来去做. 33. absence: n. 不存在不存在; 缺乏缺乏; 缺席缺席 in the absence of: 缺乏缺乏 during ones absence: 某人不在期间某人不在期间absent: adj. 缺席缺席; 缺少缺少; 无无 be absent from: 缺席缺席/缺乏缺乏/.34. advocate dvket v. 提倡提倡; 支持支持; 拥护拥护 n. 提倡者提倡者; 支持者支持者; 拥护者拥护者教材原句：They advocate a si

47、mple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. 他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。1)We do not advocate the use of violence(暴力).我们不提倡使用暴力2)Many teachers advocate praising your child for his good behaviour.许多老师提倡表扬孩子的良好行为。3)The report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke detectors.报告

48、主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。 根据下面例句，总结根据下面例句，总结 advocate的用法的用法advocate sth./ doing sth. 提倡/支持/拥护做.advocate that .(should)+v 提倡 .1) In fact, many experts advocate only _ (show) two or three times a week. 事实上，许多专家提倡一周只洗两到三次澡。2) It is advocated that the government _(set up) a special organization to protect thes

49、e migrating birds.有人主张成立一个专门的组织来保护这些候鸟。3) We should _.我们应该提倡平等的教育练一练练一练showering(should) set up advocate an equal education35. emphasis n.强调强调;重视重视;重要性重要性 (pl. emphases) put/lay/place emphasis on sth 强调强调/重视重视/着重于着重于emphasize/emphasise v. 强调强调; 重视重视 emphasize the importance of 强调强调的重要性的重要性1)They adv

50、ocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.2)Our factory puts emphasis on quality.3)In China great emphasis is placed on education. 36. keep in touch (with.): (与与)保持联系保持联系; 了解了解(某课题或领域的情况某课题或领域的情况)keep/stay/be in touch with 与与保持联系保持联系be out of touch with 与与失去联系失去联系【以上词组