Unit 1 定语从句复习及非限制性定语从句专项讲解 ppt课件-(2022新)人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、Learning about languageUnit 1The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive ClauseADD YOUR TITLE,ADD YOUR TITLE.ADD YOUR TITLE,ADD YOUR TITLE.ADD YOUR TITLE,ADD YOUR TITLE.ADD YOUR TITLE,ADD YOUR TITLE.M i l o M i l oM i l o M i l oRestrictive Attributive ClausePART 01关系词关系词1. 1. 关系代词关系代词（主、宾、定）（主、

2、宾、定）2. 2. 关系副词关系副词（状语）（状语）: : when where whywhen where why1.指人：whowho、whomwhom2.指物: whichwhich3.指人和物： thatthat、whosewhose（定语）4. 指某一事件: whichwhich、asas1. who和和whom都指都指人；人；who 在从句中作主语和宾语在从句中作主语和宾语, , whom做宾语。做宾语。2. whose 在从句中作在从句中作定语定语, ,修饰人或物，意为修饰人或物，意为“的的”， whose+ +名词名词可换作可换作 the+名词名词+ +of whom/whic

3、h。3. which 只只指指物，物，在从句中作主语、宾语或在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语介词宾语。4. that 指指人或物人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语宾语时可省略。时可省略。 关系代词关系代词1. 先行词指人时，先行词指人时，关系代词用关系代词用_, , 关系代词在句中关系代词在句中作作_。 2. 先行词是物时，用关系代词先行词是物时，用关系代词_，在从句中作，在从句中作_。3.3.先行词既有人又有物，只能用先行词既有人又有物，只能用_。4. whose 在从句中作在从句中作_，既可以指人，意为，既可以指人，意为“_”；也也可以指可以指物，意为物，意为“_”

4、。 5. 关系代词关系代词that, who, whom, which 在定语从句中作在定语从句中作_时可以省略时可以省略。主语或宾语主语或宾语who /whom / that that / which主语或宾语主语或宾语定语定语某某( (些些) )人的人的某物的某物的宾语宾语that关系代词关系代词1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam.4) The w

5、oman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher.5) _ we all know, he is a successful man.which/that(which/that)who/that(whom/who/that)As区分that和which只能用只能用that，不能用，不能用which的情况的情况 不定代词不定代词，如，如 something, anything，nothing，everything，all，much，few，any，little , none等作先行词时，只用等作先行词时，只用that，不用，不用which。 先行词

6、有先行词有the only，the very，the just, the right等修饰时，只用等修饰时，只用that。 先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时，只用修饰时，只用that。 先行词先行词既有人，又有物既有人，又有物时。时。 当主句是以当主句是以who 或或which 开头的特殊疑问句开头的特殊疑问句时，用时，用that 以避免重复。以避免重复。区分that和whichPractice 1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _ were in the fields.2.The wind b

7、lew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _can frighten me.6.Who is the man _is reading under the tree?that区分that和which只用只用which而不用而不用that的情况的情况非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句只

8、用只用which而而不能用不能用that。He wrote a book, _ is on how to learn English well. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句He wrote a book which/that is on how to learn English well. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句在介词提前的定语从句中，在介词提前的定语从句中，只用只用which而而不用不用that。This is the place in _ Lu Xun used to live. 关系代词关系代词whose的用法的用法1) A child whose parents are d

9、ead is called an orphan. (孤儿) 2) They live in a house , whose windows face south. the windows of which =of which the window3) Im painting a house, the roof _is round.of which关系代词关系代词as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句(1)as用于限制性定语从句用于限制性定语从句He is such a respectable man as we all respect .He is such a respectable man th

10、at we all respect him.This is the same wallet as he lost yesterday.This is the same wallet that he lost yesterday.(2)as用于非限制性定语从句，用于非限制性定语从句，表示表示“正如，正如，像像一样一样” ，其位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面，且无“正如”之意。He came back home late, as we expected. As is pointed out, this is a grammar problem.

11、As is known to us all, he is the tallest student in our class.这和我昨天丢的那块表一样。这正是我昨天丢的那块表。连词that，引导结果状语从句，在从句中不做成分。关系代词as，引导定语从句，在句中做成分。常与常与as连用的词连用的词有有 know, see, expect, point out 等。等。关系副词1.当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作状语状语时，要用关系副词。时，要用关系副词。 表时间用表时间用when，表地点用，表地点用where，表原因用，表原因用why引导。引导。1)He will always rem

12、ember the day when(=on which) his father returned from America. 2)The factory where(=in which) his father works is the largest one in this city. 3) I dont know the reason why(=for which) he was absent today. 关系副词关系副词被指代的先行项被指代的先行项在从句中做的成分在从句中做的成分When(=at, on ,in, during which)表示时间的名词时间状语Where（=in, a

13、t which) 表示地点、场合等的名词地点状语Why(=for which)表示原因的名词原因状语关系副词2 2. 1 1抽象地点名词抽象地点名词+关系副词关系副词where 当先行词是当先行词是case, area, stage, degree, point, situation, atmosphere， environment, condition, race等抽象地点名词时。等抽象地点名词时。1)They have reached the point _ they have to separate with each other. 2) Nowadays people are more

14、 concerned about the environment _ they live.3) Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.关系副词2 2.2 2 时间名词时间名词+关系副词关系副词when 当先行词是当先行词是time, day, week, month, year, moment等抽时间类的名词时。等抽时间类的名词时。1) It was a time when I didnt understand what death meant. 2) Ill never forget

15、the day when I was trapped in a burning house.3) Do you still remember the day when we took the first aid course?关系副词3 3.关系代词和关系副词的区别1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place_ I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place

16、_ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when(which)where(which/that)why(which/that)“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.“介词关系代词”引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which或whom。1) This is the school in which you will study. 2) I have no money with which I can buy a dictionary. 3)

17、This is the teacher from whom youll learn English.4)The gentleman about whom you told me just now proved to be a thief. 1.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to college.4) I

18、will never forget the school _ I studied.5) He came to a farm, _ he finally settled (安顿).on whichduring whichin whichin whichon which“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句2.介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素关系副词2. 与从句中谓语动词的固定搭配1）Have you found the book _ I paid $29?2)Have you found the book _ I spent $29?3)Have you found the book _ we lea

19、rnt a lot?4)Do you know the man _ she often talks?4)This is the boy _ I take pride.for whichon whichfrom whichabout whomin whomNon-Restrictive Attributive ClausePART 02限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1.意义不同意义不同限制性定语从句用于修饰先行词，不可缺少，否则主句的意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充性的说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整

20、、清楚。1.People who take physical exercise regularly live longer.（若把定语从句去掉，句子意义不完整）（限制性定语从句）2.His daughter, who is in Shenzhen now, is coming home next week. (若把定语从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整）（非限制性定语从句） 2.2.形式不同形式不同限制性定语从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号和主句隔开。1.The book that/which you borrowed last week is really moving.2.T

21、his is an important present , which I received yesterday.3.先行词不同先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个名词或代词，也可为整个主句。1.This is the best novel that I have ever read. （限制性定语从句，先行词是 the best novel）2.He changed his mind, which made me very angry.（非限制性定语从句，which指整个主句）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性

22、定语从句的区别限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上_逗号_逗号意义上去掉后句意_去掉后句意_作用上修饰限制可修饰_补充说明可修饰_不完整不完整不用不用用用完整完整先行词先行词或一整个主句或一整个主句先行词先行词DifferenceDifferenceTipsTips：thatthat， whywhy 不能在非限制性定语从句中使用不能在非限制性定语从句中使用指人指人指物指物在定语从句中作的成分在定语从句中作的成分who主语whom宾语which（或指代整个主句）主语宾语whose定语非限制性定语从句中的关系词非限制性定语从句中的关系词指地点指地点指时间指时间在定语从

23、句中的作用在定语从句中的作用where地点状语when时间状语TipsTips：thatthat， whywhy 不能在非限制性定语从句中使用不能在非限制性定语从句中使用关系副词关系副词关系代词关系代词ExercisesPART 03品读规律品读规律1. Tom found the ancient book, which was broken.2. As is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the UFO in the field.4. I like the house, whose windows face the sea.先行词指物先行词指物

24、, 在从句中做主或宾语在从句中做主或宾语, 用关系词用关系词which, 不能用不能用thatAs引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句, 可放在可放在主句之前，也可放在主句后面。主句之前，也可放在主句后面。先行词在从句做定语先行词在从句做定语, 用关系词用关系词whose3. All that glitters is not gold, as everyone knows.介词介词+关系代词关系代词, 介词的选用介词的选用, 要根据从句的谓语要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。动词的构成。6. People will remember August 8th, 2008, when 29th O

25、lympic Games was held in Beijing.先行词在从句中做时间状语先行词在从句中做时间状语, 用用when或介词或介词+which。5. Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends. 错漏“摆”出1. People are excited to meet Zhai Zhigang, he was the first Chinese to walk in space .2. Many Chinese will never forget May 12th, 2008, when a b

26、ig earthquake happened in Sichuan then.3. Which is shown on TV, many children suffered a lot from the polluted milk.hewhothen去掉去掉WhichAs错漏“摆”出4. Lin Hao is a hero, who we should learn.5. China got the most gold medals in the Olympics, that makes people excited.6. I dream of going to Beijing, which t

27、he 29th Olympic Games was held.whofrom whomthatwhichwhichwhere/ in which1. Hangzhou is a beautiful city, _ people can visit the famous West Lake.2. Beijing, _ is the capital of China, has a very long history.3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. The young man had a new girl friend, _ is a

28、pop star.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/in which5. I should thank my teacher, with _ help, I solved the problem. 6. He once worked on the Birds Nest, _ _ his son is proud. whoseofwhich易错对比练习易错对比练习1. 1)Mr Li has three daughters，none of _ is an engineer 2)Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _ is a dancer

29、2. 1) It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema. 2) It was at eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.3 .1) It was in the hospital_ he came across a friend of his. 2)It was the hospital _ he came across a friend of his. 4. 1). We should go to the place _ we are most needed. 2). We shoul

30、d go to the place _ needs us most.5. 1). Mother didnt come back on December 25, _was my birthday. 2). Mother didnt come back home on December 25, _she was busy working.whomthemwhenthatwherethatwherewhich/thatwhichwhen6.1). This is the room _ he lived in his childhood. 2). This is the room _ he lived

31、 in last year.7. 1) The teacher didnt know the reason _ she was absent yesterday? 2) The teacher couldnt accept the reason _ she explained yesterday?8.1) We must learn to act in ways _ do not harm other living things. 2) I dont like the way _ he spoke to his mother. 3) This is the way _ he thought o

32、f to solve the problem.9.1).He is such a good teacher _ we all like.2). He is such a good teacher _ we all like him.3). He is a good teacher, _ makes us respect him.10. 1)Rice doesnt grow well _ there is not enough water. 2)I still remember the farm _ my parents worked ten years ago. wherewhichwhywh

33、ich/thatwhich/thatthat/in which/不填不填which/thatasthatwhichwherewhere11.1) _ we all know, China is rich in natural resources. 2) _ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. 3) _ is well-known to us all is that China is rich in natural resources.12. 1) Im surprised at all _ he said at the

34、meeting. 2) Im surprised at _ he said at the meeting. 13. 1) _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.2) _ who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.3) _ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights.14.1)This is one of the most interesting films _ shown last week.2)Thi

35、s is the very one of the most interesting films _ shown last week. WhoeverWhatAnyoneThosethat werethat wasAsItthatwhat15.1) He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east. 2) He still lives in the room, the window _ which faces to the east. 3) He still lives in the room _ is in the north of t

36、he city. 4) He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table.16. 1).Is this museum _ they visited yesterday?2). Is this the museum _ they visited yesterday?3). Is this museum _ they stayed yesterday?4). Is this the museum _ they stayed yesterday?5). Is the museum _ you visited yesterday beaut

37、iful?6). It was the museum _ you saw many treasures.7). It was in the museum _ you saw many treasures.8). It was in the museum _ you stayed in that you saw many treasures.the onethat/which/不填不填wherethat/which/不填不填wherethat/which/不填不填wherethatwhoseofwhich/thatwhere17. 1)_ is known is that he has gone

38、 to college.2)_ is known that he has gone to college.3 )_ is known, he has gone to college.4)We all know _ he has gone to college.5)He has gone to college, _ made us surprised.6)He has gone to college and _ made us surprised.7) He has gone to college, _ surprised us.8)_ surprised us most was _ he ha

39、s gone to college.18. 1)He arrived in Beijing in 1984, _ he became a manager some years later.2) He arrived in Beijing in 1984, _ was important for him.3) He arrived in Beijing in 1984, _ he was already in his fifties.4)It was in 1984 _ he arrived in Beijing.ItWhatAsthatitwhichWhatwhichthatwherewhichwhenthat大本Period 3，认真看，认真做，晚自习提问。Todays Homework