Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structuresppt课件-(2021新)人教版高中英语必修第三册.pptx
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1、Unit 5 The Value of MoneyDiscovering Useful Structures情态动词(Modal verbs)和过去将来时(The past future tense)【语法感知】根据课文完成下列句子: 1. Young man, _you step inside a moment, please? 2. _we ask what youre doing in this country and what your plans are? 3. Well, I _say that I have any plans. 4. Anyway, I didnt _to tr
2、y again. 5. Well, you _worry about that. Its an advantage. 6. Please dont go. You _think we dont care about you. 7. Yes, I _go get the letter. wouldwouldMayMaycantcantdaredaremustntmustntmustntmustntwas about towas about to【语法精讲】. 情态动词(Modal Verbs)一、情态动词表特别语气1. can/could(1)表示能力, 意为“能, 会”; could主要指过去
3、的能力。*)Then I cancan spare some time to learn it again, so that we cancan practice together every day. 然后我就可以抽出些时间重新学习它, 这样我们就可以每天一起练习。Our aim was to see if we could could live, in some way, like real Parisians. 我们的目标就是要看一看我们能否在某种程度上像真正的巴黎人那样生活。(2)表示请求或许可。当请求允许做某事时, 两者均可用, 但用could语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时, 一
4、般要用can, 而不用could。*CanCan/CouldCould I use your bike tomorrow morning? Yes, you cancan. 我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗? 是的, 可以。(3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度时, 意为“怎么能, 怎么会”, 主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中, 用could时语气较委婉。*How cancan you be so careless! 你怎么能这么粗心! 【知识延伸】can与be able to的区别can只能用在一般现在时, 而be able to可用于更多的时态。*He will be able towill be
5、able to tell you the news soon. 他将能够很快就告诉你这个消息。表示过去特定的能力或经过努力才具备的能力, 只能用be able to。*I talked with her for a long time, and finally I was able towas able to make her believe me. 我和她谈了很长时间, 最终, 我让她相信了我。2. must表示现在或将来必须要做某事, 多是出于义务、责任或强制命令, 指说话人的主观意志。The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is someth
6、ing you must must try after the climb. 山脚下的温泉是你爬山后一定要试试的。*(2020新高考全国卷)Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you mustmust master. 你想成为一名优秀的公共演讲家吗? 以下是你必须掌握的一些原则。must用法点拨(1)回答must引出的问句时, 如果是否定的回答, 不能用mustnt, 而要用neednt或dont have to。MustMust we hand in our English exercise bo
7、oks? 我们必须交英语练习册吗? Yes, you must must. (No, you dont have todont have to. /No, you needntneednt. )是的, 你们必须要交。(不, 你们不必)。(2) must用于疑问句中, 可以用来表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩, 意为“偏要, 硬要”。mustnt的意思是“禁止”, 而不是“不必”。*Must Must you interrupt me now? Cant you see Im on the phone? 你非要现在打断我吗? 难道你没看见我在打电话吗? have to表示“必须, 不得不”, 意义与mu
8、st很接近, 但must表示主观意志, 而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事, 并且可用于更多的时态。 I work not because I have tohave to, but because I want to. 我工作不是因为我不得不工作, 而是因为我想工作。*We mustmust promote our environmental awareness and behave ourselves. 我们必须提高环保意识, 并规范我们的行为。【即学活用】用适当的情态动词填空(1)_ you please be kind enough to tell me something
9、about that? (2)Because I _spend all my time studying, I cant have fun with my friends. (3)So excited was I that I _wait to try my hand at riding it. (4)Im not a trained musician, but Ive learnt to read music so I _help Maria in her performance. (5)_ you worry her with questions when she is busy cook
10、ing dinner? CouldCouldmustmustcouldntcouldntcancanMustMust3. may/might(1)表示请求时, 两者都可用, 只是 might 表示的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去); 表示许可时, 通常要用 may而不用might。*If it is convenient, may/might I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday? 如果方便的话, 我可以下周二到办公室拜访你吗? *Might/May I smoke beneath the tree? Yes, you can. /No, yo
11、u mustnt. 我可以在这棵树下吸烟吗? 是的, 你可以。/不, 你不可以。(2)may表示祝福与愿望, 多用于书面语中, 构成句型: May+you/n. +动词原形+. . . *May you have an unforgettable tourist experience! 祝你拥有一段难忘的旅游经历! 【知识延伸】may well+动词原形, 表示“很可能”; may/might as well do sth. 不妨做某事。*He may well be surprised at the result. 他很可能会对这个结果感到意外。*To start with, you mig
12、ht as well learn to speak Mandarin. 首先, 你最好学会说普通话。4. shall(1)shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时表示征求意见。Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight? Dont bother. Ill drive her there. 我要给Sarah订今天晚上去机场的出租车吗? 不用麻烦了。我会开车送她去的。(2)用于第二、三人称的陈述句时, 往往表示给对方(you)或第三者(he, she, they)以允诺、命令、决心、警告或威胁等, 在法律、条约、协定等文件中
13、可以表示义务、规定等。*You shallshall fail if you dont work harder. 如果你不再努力点儿, 你就会失败。(警告)*Each citizen shall shall carry his identification card when travelling. 旅游时每个市民务必带上身份证。(规定)5. should/ought to(1)表示责任、义务, 意为“应该, 应当”。*(2020全国卷)I wonder if parents shouldshould always tell the truth no matter the consequenc
14、es. 我想知道父母是否总是说出真相, 无论结果如何。【即学活用】用适当的情态动词填空(1)You _ as well walk outside with your friends or take some exercise. (2)_ we go there together this Friday afternoon? (3)_ you have a pleasant journey home and welcome to China again. (4)Ive realized that playing the game does me too much harm and I _chan
15、ge this. (5)I have realized that I _be responsible for not only myself, but also for the society. may/mightmay/mightShallShallMayMaymustmustshouldshould*You should should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. 你应该重新评估你的目标, 并激励自己设立新的目标。(2)should表示惊讶、赞叹或不满, 意为“竟然”。*I cant beli
16、eve my eyes. There should should be such a modern school in so small a town. 我难以相信自己的眼睛, 在这个小城镇里竟然有这么现代化的学校。6. will/would(1)will表示“意愿, 意志”, would表示过去时间的“意愿、意志”。*I promise I will do my best to provide best service for the Asian Games. 我许诺我会尽最大努力为亚洲运动会提供最好的服务。*I told her to stop crying, but she just w
17、ouldnt listen. 我告诉她别哭, 但是她不愿意听。(2)表示征求意见或提出请求。主要用于第二人称疑问句中, will和would均可用, would此时不表示过去, 而是表示委婉语气。* If I send back the wrong shoes, will your company pay for the postage? 如果我把错误的鞋发回去, 你们公司可以付邮费吗? (3)will表示某种倾向或习惯性动作, 意为“总会, 老是”; would表示过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。*Fish will die without water. 没有水, 鱼会死去。*Durin
18、g the vacation, he would visit me every other day. 在假期中, 他每隔一天来看我一次。【知识延伸】would与used to的区别(1)would表示过去经常性且反复发生的动作, 没有与现在对比的含义。*When we were boys, we would go swimming every summer. 当我们是孩子的时候, 我们每年夏天常常去游泳。(2)used to表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态, 且现在已终止, 强调今昔对比。*People used to believe that the earth was flat. 过去,
19、 人们总以为地球是扁平的。(现在已不再这样认为)7. need, dare(1)need表示必要性, 意为“需要”, dare表示“敢于”; need和dare作情态动词时常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中, 无人称和数的变化, 疑问句和否定句中不加助动词。*Since no cash is needed in the future, we neednt neednt worry about wallet or money being stolen any more. 因为在将来不需要现金了, 我们不用再担心钱包或钱被偷了。*As he was badly hurt, many people we
20、re standing around watching with sympathy, but no one dareddared to help him up. 由于他伤得太重了, 很多人站在周围同情地看着, 但是没人敢帮他起来。(2)need和dare用作实义动词时, 有词形变化。在否定句、疑问句中要加助动词。*Many English learners think that speaking fluently means they need to speak fast. 很多英语学习者认为说得流利就需要说得快。* He doesnt dare (to) meet his teachers
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