Unit 3Discovering useful structures省略结构讲解 ppt课件 -（2021新）人教版高中英语必修第三册 .pptx

1、 Discovering useful structures: Understand the use of ellipsis in EnglishcontentsEllipsis IIVEllipsis in simple sentenceIIEllipsis in subjunctive moodIIIEllipsis in compound sentenceVEllipsis in clauseEllipsis in other situationsVIHomeworkVIIEllipsis 结合上面的对话完成句子结合上面的对话完成句子1. While _ (iron) clothes,

2、Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. 2. Remove clothing using scissors _ (如果有必要的话) unless it is stuck to the burn. ironingif necessaryWhat is Ellipsis? Why should we use Ellipsis?为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段的一

3、种语法手段。I can give you some advice.I touched the iron accidentally.IIEllipsis in simple sentence1. (You) Go down this street and turn right at the second crossing.2. (Is there) Anything else?3. Are you from America? Yes, I am (from America).4. What a beautiful city (it is)!1. 祈使句的省略。在祈使句中，通常省略主语_。2. t

4、here be 句型省略_。3. 疑问句的答语省略。4. 感叹句的省略。在 what 和 how 引导的感叹句中常省略_。Ellipsis in simple sentenceyouthere be主语和主语和be动词动词Compare and find用省略结构改写下列句子用省略结构改写下列句子。 1. Is there anyone here to wait on us? 2. He is a programmer and I am a programmer, too. 3. It sounds interesting. 4. What a clever boy he is! 即学即练An

5、yone here to wait on us?He is a programmer and I am, too.Sounds interesting.What a clever boy!Ellipsis in simple sentenceEllipsis in compound sentence1.Tom picked up the book from the floor and (Tom) handed it to his brother.2. His performance made us amused, but (his performance made) himself tired

6、.3. Xiaoming must have been playing football at that time，and his sister (must have been) playing the piano.Ellipsis in compound sentence1. 省略共同的省略共同的_或宾语。或宾语。2. 若主语与谓语相同，则省略后面的若主语与谓语相同，则省略后面的_成分。成分。3. 若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词动词_， 则则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。主语主语主谓主谓相

7、同相同Compare and find用省略结构改写下列句子用省略结构改写下列句子。 1. I work in a factory and my brother works on a farm. I work in a factory and _. 2. Were bound to win someday, but when are we to win? Were bound to win someday, but _？my brother on a farmwhenEllipsis in compound sentence即学即练Ellipsis in clause1.1.定语从句的省略定语

8、从句的省略 Here is the man (whom) youve been looking for. The cat (that) I bought has a cute head. I like the way (that / in which) he talks.如果关系代词在定语从句中作 _，则关系代词可以省略。当先行词是 way，且引导词在定语从句中 _ 时，关系词可以用 that、in which 或省略。Ellipsis in clause宾宾语语状语状语2.2.宾语从句的省略宾语从句的省略 He said (that) the text was very important

9、and that we should learn it by heart. I know that a movie star will come to our city but I dont know when (he will come to our city). He said (that) the book was very interesting and that (不省略不省略) all the children liked to read it. 及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词_一般可以省略，但如果及物动词后接两个或两个以上由_引导的宾语从句时，那么只有第一个 that 可以省略。

10、 when, where, how 和 why 引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。thatthatEllipsis in clause3.3.状语从句的省略状语从句的省略 When (the novel is) published, the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year. Though (they were) tired, they went on working. He did as (he was) told. He stood up as if (he were) to say something. Unle

11、ss (it is) necessary, youd better not refer to the dictionary. 当when, while, if, as if, though, as, until, unless 等连接的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且状语从句中含有 be 动词或从句的主语为 it 时，省略状语从句中的 _。 在 than, as 等引导的 _ 状语从句中常省略某些成分。主语和主语和 be 动词动词比较比较Ellipsis in clause用省略结构改写下列复合句用省略结构改写下列复合句。 1. Who is the man whom you were ta

12、lking to? Who is the man _? 2. Someone has used my mobile phone, but I dont know who has used it. Someone has used my mobile phone, but I dont know _. 3. When it is heated, a piece of ice will turn into water. _, a piece of ice will turn into water.you were talking towhoWhen heatedEllipsis in clause

13、即学即练 4. Although he was hard-working, he couldnt earn enough to support himself. _, he couldnt earn enough to support himself.5. Hes the man that you can safely depend on. Hes the man _.6. They dont use more water than it is necessary. They dont use more water _.Although hard-workingyou can safely d

14、epend onthan necessaryEllipsis in clause即学即练Ellipsis in subjunctive moodV1. We insisted that they (should) go with us.2. It is necessary that we (should) learn more words by heart.3. Had you come here yesterday, you would have met her.4. Were I you, I would take his advice.5. Should there be a lette

15、r for me, please keep it in the drawer.Ellipsis in subjunctive mood 在一坚持 (insist)，二命令 (order, command)，三建议 (suggest, propose, advise)，四要求 (demand, require, request, desire) 等后的宾语从句中，含这些词的派生词的其他主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，以及 It is strange / natural / necessary / important that . 从句中常省略 _。 虚拟条件句常省略 _，将 were, had,

16、 should 提前构成部分倒装。ifshouldCompare and find用省略结构改写下列各句用省略结构改写下列各句。1. If she were here, she would agree too. _, she would agree too.2. He ordered that we should go out at once. He ordered that _.3. If Thomas Edison had stored his money, he would have died a wealthy man. _, he would have died a wealthy

17、man.Were she herewe go out at onceHad Thomas Edison stored his money即学即练Ellipsis in subjunctive moodEllipsis in other situationsVI1.1.动词不定式的省略动词不定式的省略1. Will you go with me ? Well, Id like to (go with you). 2. He didnt come, but he ought to have (come).3. I saw him enter the room just now. = He was

18、seen to enter the room just now by me.Ellipsis in other situations 有些动词 (词组)，如want, wish, expect, hope, would like, try, forget等后面的不定式作_时，为了避免重复，可以省略动词只保留到 _，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有系动词 be 和助动词 have，这些动词就要保留。 感官动词 (词组), see, look at, hear, listen to, notice, watch 等和使役动词 make, let, have 等的后面作宾补的不定式要省略 _；但此类动

19、词用于被动语态时 to 不可省略。宾宾语语toto1.1.动词不定式的省略动词不定式的省略4. Shed like to take off her coat and have a break. 5. Its more difficult to do than to say. 做比说难(强调语意前后对比)。 在某些句式中，如介词 but，except 前有动词 do 的任何形式，后面的不定式要省略_。 两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个带to，后面省去_；但如果两个不定式表示对比、对照关系时，则to不可省略。totoEllipsis in other situations2 2. .介词介词的

20、省略的省略1. She spends half an hour (in) doing some reading every day.2. We have a final exam (in) every term.3. There is no sense / point (in) doing sth. 4. It is no good / use (in) doing sth. 5. I have trouble (in) understanding this problem. 在英语中，一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的_常被省略，只保留后面的动名词。如 spend time / money (i

21、n) doing sth; have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth; prevent / stop sb (from) doing sth。 表示_的介词 at, on 和 in 在 next, last, this, each, these, yesterday, every, tomorrow 等词之前，一般可以省略。介介词词时间时间Ellipsis in other situations3. 替代性省略替代性省略 Can they finish their work today? I think so. I dont think so. / I

22、think not.英语中，可以使用英语中，可以使用so, _或其他手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。或其他手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。notTips: hope, guess, be afraid 的否定形式只能用 not 的形式，不能用not . so 的形式。 The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? I guess not.Ellipsis in other situations4. 比较结构的省略比较结构的省略 The sooner (you do it), the better (it will b

23、e). (你做得)越快(结果就会)越好。 Many others are doing better than we are (doing).在“the 比较级，比较级，the 比较级比较级”结构中和由_和as引导的比较句式中，常会有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。thanEllipsis in other situations语法填空语法填空。1. I had great difficulty _ (find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.2. Do you think our team will win? I dont

24、 think _.3. Will you join us? I would love _.4. The busier (he is), _ (happy) he feels.findingsotothe happierEllipsis in other situations即学即练5. The exhibition is more interesting than _ (expect).6. I have some trouble _ (learn) English.7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mot

25、her told him not _.expectedlearningtoEllipsis in other situations即学即练1. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly, can improve our health. (10年年全国卷全国卷) A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 2. Whats the noise ? It sounds as if it comes from up

26、stairs. _ . It must be the window-cleaner working, next door. (10年陕西卷年陕西卷) A. Im not sure B. I hope not C. Id rather not D. I dont think so 3. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. (10年全国卷年全国卷) A. once B. when C. if D. unle

27、ss C D D Ellipsis in other situations高考链接4. Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mom ? _ Wait till you are old enough, dear. (10年全国卷年全国卷) A. Will you? B. Why not ? C. I hope so. D. Im afraid not.5. How could you be so rude as to walk in here in the middle of my class? _. (11年四川卷年四

28、川卷)A. Nothing much B. Nothing serious C. Never again D. Never mind6. Since people are fond of humor, it is as well in conversation as _ else. (11年浙江卷年浙江卷) A. anything B. something C. anywhere D. somewhere D C C Ellipsis in other situations高考链接7. Would you like tea or coffee? _, thank you. Ive just h

29、ad some water. (11年辽宁卷年辽宁卷) A. Either B. BothC. AnyD. Neither8. We could invite John and Barbara to give a child to the Friday night party. Yes, _ ? Ill give them a call right now. (11年全国卷年全国卷) A. why not B. what for C. whyD. what9. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on you fe

30、et. (11年北京卷年北京卷) A. to keep B. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept A B D Ellipsis in other situations高考链接10. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he _. (12年北京卷年北京卷) A. wouldnt B. didnt C. hasnt D. hadnt 11. Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank. (12年湖南卷年湖南卷) A. to

31、use B. used C. using D. use 12. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much _. (12年全国卷年全国卷) A. the best B. best C. better D. the better B D B Ellipsis in other situations高考链接VII Homework1. Please finish Exercise 1, Exercise 2 and exercise 3 on P30.2. Please finish Exercises 1 4 on P74 and P75.