人教版高中英语必修5Unit-1全单元课件.ppt

1、geologist 地质学家地质学家geographer 地理学家地理学家mathematician 数学家数学家physicist 物理学家物理学家chemist 化学家化学家agriculturist 农学家农学家astronomer 天文学家天文学家botanist 植物学家植物学家biologist 生物学家生物学家inventor 发明家发明家Scientist: New words (1) Warming up Text study New words (2) Learning about Language Using language Workbook1. Can you nam

2、e some famous scientists?NewtonNewtonGalileoGalileoEdisonEdisonWattWatt Curie Curie Bell BellFranklinFranklinEinsteinEinsteinNobelNobelFlamingFlamingHawkingHawking Joule Joule杨振宁杨振宁李政道李政道 丁肇中丁肇中李远哲李远哲朱棣文朱棣文崔崔 琦琦 王王 选选袁隆平袁隆平钱学森钱学森陈景润陈景润2. Try the quiz on P1 and find out who knows the most.1.Which sci

3、entist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Archimedes (287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist2.Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British author of The Origin o

4、f Species 3.Who invented the first steam engine?Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it and turned it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. 4.Who used peas to

5、 show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Czech (捷克人捷克人)5.Who discovered radium?Marie Curie (1867-1934) (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?Thomas Edison (1847-

6、1931) an American inventor7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? Last SupperMona LisaLeonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Italian artist8.Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829)BritishMiniature Miners Safety Lamp 9.Who inve

7、nted the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Zhang Heng(78-139) Chinese, invented seismograph10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?Stephen Hawking (1942-) a British astronomerText study Pre-reading Skimming Fast reading Detailed reading Comprehending1. Do you know h

8、ow to prove a new idea in scientific research? Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new scientific idea. What order would you put them in?Find a problemThink of a methodMake a questionCollect resultsAnalyse the resultsFind supporting evidenceDraw a conclusion2. What do you know about

9、infectious disease?1. Infectious diseases can be spread easily. 2. They may do great harm to people.AIDS,SARS are infectious diseases3. Infectious diseases are difficult to cure.What do you know about cholera? Cholera is caused by a bacterium called Varian cholera（霍乱弧菌）（霍乱弧菌）.It infects peoples inte

10、stines ( (肠胃肠胃),), causing diarrhea（腹泻）（腹泻）, vomiting and leg cramps ( (腿抽筋腿抽筋).).The most common cause of cholera is people eat food or drink water that has been polluted by the bacteria.Varian cholera1. Whats the main idea of the passage?A.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.B. The cause o

11、f Cholera was polluted water.C.The source of all drinking water should be examined.D.How did John Snow collect, analyze data and find the cause of the disease and solved it .(in 10 minutes):Step 1: Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para.6Para.71. John Snow collect

12、ed information to test the two theories.2. John Snow suggested how to prevent cholera from happening again.3. John Snow was a famous doctor in London and he was kind enough to help the ordinary people with cholera.4. John Snow was sure enough that polluted water carried the disease of cholera.5. Joh

13、n Snow was interested in two theories about cholera.6. The reason for cholera was that the source of the water（水源）（水源） was polluted.7. The map showed that the polluted water might be the reason for cholera. Step 2: Read the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.(P3,E1)_ Joh

14、n Snow began to test two theories._ An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854._ John Snow marked the deaths on a map._ He announced that the water carried the disease._ John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe._ King Cholera was defeated._ He found that most of the death

15、s were near a water pump._ He had the handle removed from the water pump.21473856JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”Para.1 John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinar

16、y people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controll

17、ed until its cause was found.ChineseTask 1Para.2 He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorb

18、ed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.ChineseTask 2Para.3 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to

19、 begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.ChineseTask 3Para.4 First he marked on a map the

20、exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge S

21、treet) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.ChineseTask 4Para.5 Next,

22、John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease sl

23、owed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.ChineseTask 5Para.6 In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the

24、pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.ChineseTask 6Para.7 To prevent this from happening again, Jo

25、hn Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally King Cholera was defeated.ChineseTask 7约翰约翰斯洛击败斯洛击败“霍乱王霍乱王” Para.1 约翰约翰斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的

26、私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得女王的私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约翰翰斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。控制的。 EnglishPara.2 斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很斯洛

27、对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。EnglishPara.3 斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的，但他斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。因此，在需要证据。因此，在18541854年伦敦再次暴发霍年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约

28、翰乱的时候，约翰斯洛着手准备对此进行调斯洛着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰翰斯洛就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两斯洛就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在1010天之内就天之内就死去了死去了500500多人。他决心要查明其原因。多人。他决心要查明其原因。EnglishPara.4 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街

29、的水泵附近（特别是这条街上的水泵附近（特别是这条街上1616、3737、3838、4040号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上2020号和号和2121号以及剑桥街上的号以及剑桥街上的8 8号和号和9 9号）却无人死亡。号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所有他决定深入他以前没预料到这种情况，所有他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7 7号的酒号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。来水是罪魁祸首。 E

30、nglishPara.5 接下来，约翰接下来，约翰斯洛调查了这两条街斯洛调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气到缓解。他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。团传播的。EnglishPara.6 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死

31、亡病例中发现了有街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，约翰约翰斯洛就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染斯洛就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。了的水携带着病菌。EnglishPara.7 为了防止这种情况的再度发生为了防止这种情况的再度发生, 约约翰翰斯洛建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来斯洛

32、建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，染的水了。最终，“霍乱王霍乱王”被击败了。被击败了。EnglishTask 1: Read the first paragraph carefully,then answer these questions.1.What was the most deadly disease in 19th century?Why?2.When could the cholera be controlled?The cholera,because neither its cause,nor

33、 its cure was understood.John Snow knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.Task 2: What were the two theories explaining how cholera killed people?The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.The second

34、 suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.Task 3: Read the third paragraph then tell these sentences are true or false.1.When another outbreak hit London in 1854,John snow

35、was ready to begin his enquiry.2.He found that in two tall buildings the cholera outbreak was so severe.True or false:Task 4: What helped John Snow find the clue about the cause of the disease?A map of LondonTask 5: What did John Snow find?He found that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud

36、 of gas.Task 6: When was John Snow able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus? After he found two deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.Task 7: To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?Suggested that the so

37、urce of all water supplies be examined.Instructed the water companies not to expose people to polluted water anymore.1. defeat vt. to win a victory over someone in a war, competition, game etc. 打败，战胜，使受挫打败，战胜，使受挫Ive tried to solve the problem, but it defeats me!Our team defeated theirs in the game.

38、n. failure to win or succeed 失败，输失败，输This means admitting defeat.They have got six victories and two defeats.即学即用即学即用(1)张怡宁在第张怡宁在第29届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳薇。薇。 Zhang Yining _ Li Jiawei _ in the 29th Olympics. (2)这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。 The problem has _ and I cant solve it. (3)这个政党面临选举

39、失败。这个政党面临选举失败。 The party _ in the election.defeatedwithdifficultydefeated mefaces defeat 2. attend vt. &vi 参加，注意，照料参加，注意，照料 be present at 参加参加 attend a ceremony / lecture / a movie / school / class / a meeting I shall be attending the meeting. Please let me know if you are unable to attend the confe

40、rence. attend to (on): to look after, care for, serve 伺伺候候, 照顾，看护照顾，看护 The queen had a good doctor attending on her. Dr Smith attended her in hospital. 治疗治疗 Are you being attended to?接待接待 Mother had to attend to her sick son. attend to 处理，注意倾听处理，注意倾听 A nurse attends to his needs.Can you attend to th

41、e matter immediately? I may be late I have got one or two things to attend to. Excuse me, but I have an urgent matter to attend to.3. cure与与treatcure主要指痊愈，强调的是结果。主要指痊愈，强调的是结果。treat强调治疗过程，指通过药物、特别的食品强调治疗过程，指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治疗病人或疾病，不强调结果。或运动治疗病人或疾病，不强调结果。 They cured me of my influenza. They treated me wi

42、th a new drug.4. absorb to take sth. in, especially gradually 吸收吸收 Plants absorb carbon dioxide. In cold climates, houses need to have walls that will absorb heat. Paper that absorbs ink is called blotting paper (吸墨纸吸墨纸). The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own orga

43、nization. to understand facts or ideas completely and remember them Its hard to absorb so much information. be absorbed in = concentrate on专心于专心于 He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently. The writer was so absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar. I

44、was so absorbed in a book that I didnt hear you call. absorb ones attention Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.5. suspect: to think that something is probably true or likely, especially something bad vt. 怀疑，猜疑怀疑，猜疑n. 嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人 adj.可疑的，靠不住的可疑的，靠不住的 suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做

45、怀疑某人做 She suspected him of taking her money.以为，猜想以为，猜想 We suspected that he had finished doing his homework.6. blame v. 责备；谴责；把责备；谴责；把归咎于归咎于 n n. 过失；责备过失；责备 blame sb. / sth. for sth.: to say or think that sb. or sth. is responsible for sth. bad 因因而指责而指责 Its not fair to blame me. Its not my fault. Th

46、ey blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan. Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. blame sth. on sb. / sth.: be responsible for sth. bad 把把归咎于归咎于 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving. (be) to blame应受责备（主动表被动）；承担责应受责备（主动表被动

47、）；承担责任任 The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. Which driver was to blame for the accident? Either he or I am to blame. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame. Who is to blame for the fire? take the blame: to say that sth. is your

48、fault承担承担责任责任He is ready to take the blame for what had happened. put the blame on怪在怪在身上身上 Its no use blaming our defeat on him. 7. handle vt. to deal with处理，买卖，操作处理，买卖，操作n. 把手，把柄把手，把柄 The children are so naughty that I cant handle them. 处理处理 This shop handles paper and stationery. 买卖买卖 We dont hand

49、le that sort of book. 买卖买卖 How shall we handle the problem. 处理处理 Can you handle the situation at present? 处理处理 It has a free handle.活把手活把手 He learnt how to handle the axe. 操作操作ComprehendingEx.2 Read the passage again and answer these questions.1. John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he final

50、ly prove it? John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason.No. The map