高中虚拟语气讲解课件.ppt

1、Many years ago a brilliant boy lost his life for the sake of saving his dream girl.He had written many a poem before he died.If I were an Acacia,I would grow at the roadside you must pass by.If only I turned into a sky meteor,I would be acoss your window night.I wish I were a rainbow after the rain

2、hanging over your sky.The Subjunctive Mood虚 拟 语 气The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气虚拟条件句 If he hadnt died then ,the girl would have married him.(与与过去事实过去事实相反）相反）(与与现在事实现在事实相反）相反） If he were alive ,they would be happy. If we met (were to meet ;should meet)in heaven,I would say to him，I wouldnt break up with yo

3、u even if the mountain had no ridge.虚拟语气宏观梳理微观把握虚拟条件句if真实条件与if非真实条 件(理解）三个基本句式（与现在、 过去或将来事实相反，would 一般用于主句中） 三个注意事项：错综、倒装、和含蓄 几个（特殊句型）特别记忆 if only,as if(as though)和 wish同样虚拟：lest,so that 一个目的 would rather（宁愿现在的、将来的终成为过去) Its time一般应该（should）、过去的只是time（时间）问题 无论建议、命令或请求，还是奇怪、吃惊；我们坚持对should始终如一 Christm

4、as is just around the corner.“If it snows tomorrow,well have a white Christmas.”an European said.真实条件真实条件 “If it snowed(were to snow,should snow) tomorrow,we would have a white Christmas.”（非真实条件）an Australian says.if if引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.If I _time last nigh

5、t, I _ to see the film with you .What What wouldwould you do if you do if you you wonwon the lottery? the lottery?If If I I won the lottery won the lottery, ,I I wouldwould与与现现在在相相反反与与过过去去相相反反与与将将来来相相反反If从句从句主句主句did（be用用were)had +donedid（be用用were)were to+ doshould +doWould do(should/could/might)Woul

6、d +doshould/could/mightWould have + done (should/could/might)回眸高考Looking back entrance examination (2010浙江）Had I known the computer programme, a huge amount of time and energy_.u A.would have been savedu B.had saved u C.will be savedu D.was savedl(2012湖南）Sorry,I am too busy now.If I_ time,I would ce

7、rtainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. hadu（2012.山东）If we _ adequate preparations ,the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A. havent made B.wouldnt make C. didnt make D. Hadnt made (2012安徽）Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she_ there ,

8、she wouldnt be able to see her parents often. A.lives B. would live C. has lived D. were to live语境中体味（2013重庆） It rained cats and dogs thismorning.Im glad we took an umbrella. _Yeah,we would have got wet all over if we_.A. hadnt B. havent A. C.didnt D. dont (2013江苏）I shouldnt have laughed if I _ you

9、were serious. A. thought B. would think C. had thought D.have thought当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：被称为：错综时间条件句错综时间条件句错综时间条件句错综时间条件句If you hadnt lent me some money, If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have bought the new I couldnt have bought the new house h

10、ouse and most likely I would be and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous still living in the dangerous house now.house now.假若你不借钱给我，假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句（从句说明过去说明过去，主句说明，主句说明过去和现过去和现在在。）。）1.If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A. asked w

11、ould knowB. had asked would have knownC. asked him knowD. had asked would know 2.(2013天津卷)If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he_ able to speak it much better now. A. will be B. would be C.had been D. would have been 倒装的倒装的If If虚拟句虚拟句 假设条件虚拟倒装假设条件虚拟倒装 条件从句中有条件从句中有should， we

12、re， had三个助三个助动词可以把动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至省略，并将这三个词提至句首。句首。If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round tha

13、t lake again. If there should not be sunlight, peoples life would be difficult.Should there not be sunlight, peoples life would be difficult.1. _ I a bird, I could fly freely in the sky. A. am B. was C. are D. were2. _ it rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off to next week. A. would B. s

14、hould C. could D. will3. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked B. if Bob should walk C. had Bob walked D. if Bob walked 无“条件”的虚拟语气句子A wise man wouldnt have done that 句子表层没有if条件句子，深层结构或上下文有表无条件的词： 介词（短语）with,without; but for(若非）;in case of 连词（副词）otherwise（or/or else）

15、；even(if) 分词、名词、形容词；代词、动词、不定式甚至定语从句，机动灵活看意义 Any man who should do that would be laught at. Cooked a little longer,the fish would be more delicious. To talk with him,you would know he is a frank man. 还有but 最含蓄.1. Without sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B would

16、be C can be D must be 2 But for the snow , we _ earlier . A will arrive B would have arrived C arrive D arrived But+表示条件的结构 Would+动词原形+but(except)+现在时陈述句表示同现在事实相反的假设 Would have +过去分词+but(except）+过去时陈述句表示同过去事实相反的假设 NOTE: She would gain weight but she_ enough.A.doesnt B. didnt eat C. wouldnt eat D. ha

17、dnt eaten A:_Why didnt Henry come? B:_ He_except she didnt have time. A.would have come B. will come C.would come （2011福建卷） Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. _ I_it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A.attended B.had attended C.would attend D.would have attended /would ra

18、ther退一步退一步,海阔天空海阔天空3.Wish 现在：现在：过去：过去：未来未来：过去时（过去时（were）过去完成时过去完成时would/could/might+V. 1 . I wish I _a bird A is B were C will be D are2. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit as if /though + Clause现在：现在：过去：过去：将来将来 :did /were(现在现在)ha

19、d done(过去过去)would+动词原形动词原形(将来将来)He behaves as if he owned the house.( But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.)He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself. （2012北京）Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel. A. is B. were C.has been D. h

20、ad been2. would rather that现在：现在：过去：过去：将来：将来：过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去时过去时1. I would rather you _ (pay) me now.2. I would rather you _ (not tell) her the news. 3. I would rather you _ (come) tomorrow.paidhadnt toldcame5. If only 引导的感叹句！引导的感叹句！1. If only I _ (know) his name now!2. If only we _ (follow) your

21、 advice last time!3. If only I _ (see) him again next year!knewhad followedcould see现在现在:过去时（过去时（were）过去过去:过去完成时过去完成时将来将来:would/could/might +V. (1) 要是就好了要是就好了 = I wishIt is (high,about,quite,almost) time that 定语从句用虚拟 谓语动词用一般过去式，（或should+动词原形，但不能将其省略，不如过去式是普通） 表示“早该干某事儿已经有些晚了” Its about time we went(

22、should go )to bed. (2012辽宁）Jack is a great talker.It is high time that he_something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D.did在for fear that(以免）,in order that,so that,lest(以防），in case引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词用should,could,might加动词原形 注意：lest(in case) 从句中用should+动词原形，should可以省。She kept quiet les

23、t he (should) disturb her. I will not make a noise for fear (that) I should(might) disturb you. in order that和so that 主句是现在时其后的从句亦可用can,may+动词原形 (2012辽宁）Leave your key with your neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day. A.as long as B. even though C. in case D. as if 名词性从句中的虚拟名词性从句中的虚拟语气语气1.表示要求表示要求

24、,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气 一个一个坚持坚持，两个，两个命令命令， 三个三个建议建议，四个，四个要求要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, suggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, desire这些词引导的这些词引导的名词性从句名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形，动词原形， 或者将或者将should省略省略。注意：注意： 如如suggest, insist

25、用于其本意用于其本意“暗示、暗示、 表明表明“、”坚持认为坚持认为“时，宾语从时，宾语从句句 用陈述语气。用陈述语气。1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she_(be)seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at once.3.He suggested that we_(have) a meeting at once.4.His pale face suggested that he_(be) ill.obeywasbe

26、senthavewas1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to takeC. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldDB3.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try4.She made the

27、 demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be left 5.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _. A. should be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put offSubjective moodIf 型型Should +v型型类似类似if型型。混杂条件句混杂条件句(各自为准各自为准)Were, had ,should提前，省略提前，

28、省略if1. 一个坚持，两个命令，一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求。三个建议，四个要求。2. It is（necessary，strange）+that1. wish/as if 2. Would rather/ if only3. It is (high) time that4. But for/otherwise/ without/in that case1.过去式过去式2.过去完成过去完成3.could、would、might +v1.过去式过去式2.过去完成过去完成Should（不省）（不省） +v/过去式过去式1.Would,could,should,might+v2.wou

29、ld,could,should,might+have doneinsistsuggest Homework : PracticeFinish a writing passage, according to the Chinese given. JimJim刚刚做完左腿手术而被告诉一个月不能走刚刚做完左腿手术而被告诉一个月不能走动。他后悔如果前一天晚上没有玩电脑游戏，今动。他后悔如果前一天晚上没有玩电脑游戏，今天早晨就可以早点儿起床，也就不会因为怕迟到天早晨就可以早点儿起床，也就不会因为怕迟到而撞倒致使自己住院了而撞倒致使自己住院了。妈妈也因为儿子没有按妈妈也因为儿子没有按时睡觉而在责备他。同时

30、时睡觉而在责备他。同时JimJim也在遗憾下周的运动也在遗憾下周的运动会不能参加了，预想的会不能参加了，预想的400400米冠军也不能得到了。米冠军也不能得到了。 May good luck be yours! God bless you!虚拟语气虚拟语气 If I had slept well last night I would not have been late for work If I had not been late I would not have been blamed by Mr. Wang If I had not been blamed I would be happ

31、ier If I were happier I would Please write it down in the form of poetry with the title “If”, trying to use the structures of Subjunctive Mood. 可省 动词宾语从句：坚持（insist,persist) 命令 order,command;direct,appoint 建议advise,suggest,propose,recommend 要求ask,require,demand,desire,request 其相应的名词形式后的主语从句表语从句同位语从句以

32、及表达重要必要（important,necessary,essential,urgent,compulsory) 急切（anxious,eager)迫切（imperative)可笑（ridiculous,funny)可惜（pitiful） 的词后置的主语从句均用（should）+动词原形 Its essential that the program (should) be loaded into computer.should一般不省 意为 “竟然；居然”表示说话人的“惊异、懊恼、失望”的情感以及可喜、可悲、可惊可疑强烈感情变化。常用结构Its amazing（odd古怪的;strange;s

33、urprising;annoying;upseting;embarrassing;incredible;disappointing；a pity;a shame等。 Its incredible that she should have kept the secret from him all through their lifetime. I regret that you should consider it a burden to do it. 9.It is such a jock that you_ last night,and never said a word about it

34、till now. A.could have gone B.should have gone C. might have gone D.would have goneIf only和would that 后用虚拟语气“要是.就好了” 谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望； 用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望 If only I had seen her before she died. If only (would that）I could fly.Would rather;would sooner;had better ;would as soon;just as后的句子虚拟 一般过去

35、式表示现在或将来的愿望；过去完成时表示一个过去的愿望 I would rather you hadnt done that. I would rather not have done that. I would rather you didnt leave today or tomorrow. = I would rather not leave today or tomorrow.Had you listened to the doctor，you _ all right. A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been15.It is high

36、time the child _ to the hospital. A. is sent B. would be sent C. must be sent D. were sent_I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Wereif it_ tomorrow, I wouldnt attend the party. A. rain B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain 4. Jack cant have arrived yet, otherwis

37、e he _ me. A. would phoned B. phoned C. would have phoned D. had phoned3. She was very busy, otherwise she _ the meeting.A.had come B. would comeC. would have come D. cameAs if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句有时用虚拟语气 从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式 表示与过去事实相反用had+过去分词 表示将来的可能性不大用would,（could,might）+动词原形 注意真实非真实 Iook

38、 at the dark clouds! It looks as if Its going to rain. It looks as if it might rain.(似乎有点要下雨的 样子） He walks as if he is(were) drunk. as if 前主句省略 As if he had seen a ghost(鬼）.动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 与现在事实相反用were或动词的过去式 与过去事实相反用had+过去分词或would(could)+have done 表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would(could,might)+动词原形（别无选择用

39、should) Its high time they_ this road. A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mend If only I _ driving before. A. had learned B. learned C. learn D. would learn 3. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I_ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my h

40、ometown.(02 上海上海) A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallenC. should fall D. were to fall2.If only 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句“要是该有多好啊要是该有多好啊”If only I _(ask) the question nowIf only I _(see) the film yesterday!askedhad seenPractice Makes Perfect1. I _ (help) you with your work if I _ (be) free now, but Im too busy

41、.2. If we _ (leave) twenty minutes earlier yesterday, we _ (catch) the first train.3. If she _ (come) here tomorrow, she _ (tell) me that. We know she will fly to Beijing tomorrow.4. If I _ (see) him tomorrow, I will give it to him. 用括号里的动词的正确形式填空用括号里的动词的正确形式填空would help were had left would have cau

42、ght came/were to come/should come might tell see 5. I wish I _ (see) you now.6. I wish I _ (have) a room of my own when I was a boy.7. I suggested that he _ (go) there at once.8. He insisted he _ (send) to the city. 9. His expression suggested that he _ (pass) the test.10. She insisted that she _ (n

43、ot take) it.had had (should) go (should) be sent had passed hadnt taken saw 11. The idea that we _ (go) to Beijing by air came true.12. It is necessary that they _ (finish) their work next Monday.13. It is important that they _ (do) it in another way.14. It is time that I _ (go) to bed.15. If only I

44、 _ (take) his advice before.(should) go should finish should do went had taken 16. If only I _ (be) a bird.17. If it _ (be) not for the rain, the crops should (would) die. 18. He looks as if he _ (be) an artist.19. She speaks English so fluently as if she _ (study) English in England.20. Id rather s

45、he _ ( not visit) him yesterdaywere were were had studied hadnt visited3.I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 4. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D could1. She says shed rather he _tomorr

46、ow instead of today. A. had B. should leave C. leaves D. left2. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time_ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left3、Robert wishes that he _ business instead of history when he was in university. A. studies B. studied C.

47、 has studied D. had studied 4、 Mr. Li required the computer equipment referred _ used in every classroom. A. should be B. have to be C. to be D. to being 1.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given

48、2.Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he _ an Englishman. A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been 9.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 10. Without electricity, human life _ qu

49、ite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 6. If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 7. -Why didnt you come to the party yesterday? -I would , but an unexpected visitor _ to see me. A. came B. would come C. had come D. was c

50、oming 8. Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told PracticeComplete the following passage with the verbs in brackets,using the Subjunctive Mood. Jim has just had an operation on his leg. He was told he would have to stay in bed for at least three months. Now