2019年硕士研究生招生基础系统生态学样题.pdf

1、 Ecology Part 1-1. Test 1-1. Please select and mark one or several correct answers. 1. The source of energy for 1st order consumers is: A) plant food B) animal food C) minerals, carbon dioxide, and water D) light 2. When T4 bacteriophage infects a bacterium, the following is injected into the latter

2、: A) whole viral particle B) phage DNA and tail proteins C) only phage DNA D) phage DNA and capsid proteins 3. Chromosomes are pulled to the poles during: A) metaphase B) prophase C) interphase D) telophase 5. Of the listed below, only the following is a polymer: A) glucose B) glycine C) glycogen D)

3、 guanine 6. The following vitamin is required for blood clotting: A) D B) E C) B12 D) K 7. Of the blood cells, the following cells are of most stable and uniform shape: A) thrombocytes B) erythrocytes C) phagocytes D) lymphocytes 8. Adrenalin is secreted in: A) the thyroid B) the pancreas C) the pit

4、uitary gland D) the adrenal glands 9. The nervous system of lancelet is located: A) above the notocord B) beneath the notocord C) inside the notocord D) along the sides of the notochord 10. Genetic information of the virus of tobacco mosaic virus is contained in: A) RNA B) DNA C) capsid proteins D)

5、DNA and RNA 11. Inside the cell, energy is stored in the form of: A) ATP B) GTP C) AMP D) cAMP 12. Electron transport chains in eukaryotes are in: A) mitochondrial membrane B) mitochondrial matrix C) ribosomes D) chloroplasts 13. Population comprises individuals: A) of various species B) related to

6、same food chain C) of one species D) having same ecological niches 15. Eukaryotic genes are located in: A) plasmids B) heterochromatin C) euchromatin D) telomeres 16. Non-membranous cell components include: A) lysosomes B) ribosomes C) peroxisomes D) mitochondria Part 1-2. Please provide a free-form

7、 answer 1. Algae. General characteristics. ell and thallus structure. Pigments of algae, their role in the adaptation to the environment and in taxonomy. Distribution and the role of algae in nature 2. The structure of the lung in different groups of organisms. The mechanisms of pulmonary respiratio

8、n. 3. The sex chromosomes. Sex-linked inheritance. Inheritance in the case of non-segregated sex chromosomes. Crossover. 4. The metabolism of microorganisms. Types of how microorganisms feed. Types of ATP formation in microorganisms. Microbial electron transport chains. 5. Trophic relationships and energy flows. Trophic levels: producers, consumers and decomposers; trophic chains and networks. 6. Key stages of photobiological processes.