英语同位语从句课件.ppt

1、 The Appositive Clause 同位语从句同位语从句 泸西一中泸西一中 高红琴高红琴 同位语从句同位语从句 1. 概念概念: 在复合句中作在复合句中作名词的同位语名词的同位语的名词性从句。的名词性从句。 2. 功能功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。具体内容。 3. 用法用法: 常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason/question/possibility/thought/ doubt/news/hope/truth/belief/suggestion/proposal/request/o

2、rder/promise/ order/ word. 4. 引导词引导词/连词连词 that/whether who/ which/ what when /where/why/how同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别: : 1. 从词类上区别从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief等有一定内涵的名词，等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是而定语从句的先行词可以是名词名词,代词代词,主句主句的一部分或是整个主句的一部分或是整个主句。 Word came that he had been ab

3、road. 据说他已经出国了。据说他已经出国了。 Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。这让我们很高兴。 (定语从句定语从句) ( (同位语从句同位语从句) ) 2. 2.从性质上区别从性质上区别 定语从句对其先行词的定语从句对其先行词的修饰或限制修饰或限制, ,属于属于形容词性从句形容词性从句; ;而同位语从句对前面抽象名词的而同位语从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的进一步的说明和解释说明和解释, ,属于属于名词性从句名词性从句: : The news that our team has

4、 won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句同位语从句, 补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什么消息到底是一个什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句定语从句, news在从句中作在从句中作told的宾语的宾语) 3. 引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以引可以引导同位语从句导同位语从句,

5、但不能引导定语从句。但不能引导定语从句。 如如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。 (同位语从句同位语从句) that引导词引导词 that引导引导定语从句定语从句, 在从句中一般在从句中一般作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以指物时还可以用用which代替代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略；并且作宾语时常常省略； that引导引导同位语从句同位语从句，仅，仅起连接作用起连接作用, 不充当成分不充当成分, 但不能省略但不能省略, 也不能用也不能

6、用which来代替，如来代替，如: The order that we should send him to Canada was received yesterday. 我们应派他去加拿大的命令昨天收到了。我们应派他去加拿大的命令昨天收到了。 (同位语从句同位语从句, 是对是对order的具体解释的具体解释, that虽不作成分虽不作成分, 但不能省略但不能省略)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send him to Canada. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该他去加拿大。我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该他去加拿大。

7、 (定语从句定语从句, 是名词是名词order的修饰语的修饰语, that在从句中作在从句中作received的宾语的宾语, 可以省略可以省略)注意！ demand, suggestion, proposal等表示建议，请求的同位语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，虚拟语气，即: ( should ) + 动词原形动词原形eg.The suggestion that the plan ( should ) be delayed延迟延迟 will be discussed tomorrow.推迟那项计划的建议将在明天讨论。注意！判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语

8、从句。含有定语从句。 The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world. Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.同同定定 Is there any hope that he will be home at 7? Ive no hope that my parents have been expecting to me.同同定定 The possibility that you referred to d

9、oesnt exist at all. There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.同同定定I. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列从句完整。在空格处填上适当的词，使下列从句完整。1. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.2. Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you.3. Please pass me the book _ cover is green. where

10、whenwhose4. Is this the reason _ he refused our offer?5. The person to _ you spoke is a famous actor.6. She sat on the corner of the table near the door by _ her husband always entered.7. The white flower is the only one _ I really like.why whom whichthat8. The news was very exciting _ our class had

11、 won the football match.9. They are familiar with the opinion _ all matter consists of atoms.10. The question _ we shall have a meeting hasnt been decided.11. They told the policeman the fact _ they had nothing to do with the murder.thatthatwhere / when / whetherthat12. All agreed to his suggestion

12、_ a bridge across the river be built.13. The question _ should do the work requires consideration.14. This is our only request _ this (should) be settled as soon as possible.15. Word came _ our Chinese women team had beaten Japanese.thatwho thatthat1. 我不知道怎样到达火车站。我不知道怎样到达火车站。 I have no idea how I ca

13、n get to the railway station.2. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.II. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。用同位语从句翻译下列句子。3. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。 People used to hold the opinion that the earth was the center of the universe. 4. 没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事没有人对他将成为他们的

14、老板这一事实感到高兴。实感到高兴。 No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss. 5. 我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 The question when we will start the work is not decided 1. The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 2. The fact _ he was successful proves his

15、 ability. A. that B. what C. which D. why AAIII. Choose the correct answer. 3. The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 4. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it BB 5. I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that

16、 C. what D./ 6. Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether D. which BA 7. The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that 8. The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether

17、 C. that D. what DC 9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease. A. that B. as C. of which D. which A 10. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. A. whether B. where C. that D. when 11. The other day, my brother drove his car down

18、the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that AB 11. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether B 13. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. thi

19、s D. which 14. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. whichDB 15. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. that B. what that C. that what D. whether that 引导同位语从句，补充说明引导同位语从句，补充说明view; what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。语。C16. A sto

20、ry goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (04,上海）上海） A. when B. where C. what D. thatD17. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(04，上海），上海） A. which B. that C. what D. whetherB18. Ther

21、e is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_. (03,上海）上海） A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improvingA19. There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot never. A. that B. which C. of which D. whatA20. I

22、have no idea _ we can spend our holiday. A. where B. which C. that D. whatA21. The news _ he told us yesterday is not true, but the news _ our team has won the match is true. A. /; that B. that; / C. that; which D. that; whoA22. The question occurred to me _ the book was worth reading. A. what B. wh

23、ether C. which D. ifB23.A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthdayA. if B. when C. that D. whichthat引导的同位语从句解释说明引导的同位语从句解释说明thought的内容。的内容。C 24.Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. thatC. what D. whenthat引导的同位语从句解释说明引导的同位语从句解释说明story的的内容。内容。believe it or not为插入语。为插入语。B 25. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. whatC. as D. which what引导的同位语从句，引导的同位语从句，what在从句在从句中作主语。中作主语。B