宾语补足语精编版课件.ppt

1、宾语补足语对宾语作出进一步的补充说明。宾语补足语对宾语作出进一步的补充说明。They called her the Loulan Beauty.在这句话中，在这句话中，her是宾语，是宾语，the Loulan Beauty作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语her的情况。的情况。Many people were buried alive.We found the ruins most interesting.alive.most interesting第一类：感觉动词，如第一类：感觉动词，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, notice等，这类词所

2、接的宾补可以是等，这类词所接的宾补可以是-ing形式，也可以是动词原形。形式，也可以是动词原形。He heard a distant voice shouting.I could smell Chinese vegetables cooking.Did you see a cat being driven away?第二类：含使动意义的动词，如第二类：含使动意义的动词，如let, have, get, make, would like, want等，这类词所接的宾等，这类词所接的宾补多是动词原形或过去分词。补多是动词原形或过去分词。Weve just had the house decorat

3、ed.You must get the car repaired.At my school they dont make us wear school uniform. They let us wear whatever we like.I want the work finished by January 1st.第三类：含命名意义的动词，如第三类：含命名意义的动词，如call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等，这类词所等，这类词所接的宾补一般是名词。接的宾补一般是名词。Call me Joe, please.She was elected the

4、 president of the company.They have made me the chairman.They have made me a nice chair.注意：这类结构和双宾的区别注意：这类结构和双宾的区别第四类：第四类：v+sb+to do sth结构中的动词，所接结构中的动词，所接的宾补多是不定式。常见的动词有很多，如的宾补多是不定式。常见的动词有很多，如advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, want, force, inspire, invite, order, permit,remind, request等。等。They

5、asked me ti tell you how much we appreciated your help.Help me move the desk, will you?第五类：第五类：find, keep等几个动词的用法很灵活，等几个动词的用法很灵活，后面所接的宾补可以是形容词，副词，词组，后面所接的宾补可以是形容词，副词，词组，现在分词和过去分词等。现在分词和过去分词等。We found it very difficult to solve the problem.How can you keep them waiting for so long?Suddenly I found my

6、 wallet stolen.Keep the door closed.宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担：宾语补足语可以由这九类来承担： n. / adj. /adv. / 介词短语介词短语 / v.原型原型 / ing/ v-ed / to do / to be1.We chose him our monitor.2.We must make our classroom clean.3.He found the light on.4.The firemen got the fire under control.5.The teacher let him stand out.6.Did you h

7、ear someone singing?7.The parents make their children educated.8.The doctor advised me to have a rest.9.We all consider him to be a hero.make/ choose/ select + 名词名词+ 职务（不带冠词）职务（不带冠词） At last Obama was selected president of America. We all chose him representative of our team. They made Jim their lea

8、der in digging for the treasures in an ancient tomb near the mountain.Americans elect Obama (as)President of the USA .(Obama is their president.) 当一个名词表示独当一个名词表示独一无二的职位或头衔一无二的职位或头衔 (chairman,president , head, director, king, captain, monitor等等)作作表语，同位语和补语时，前面表语，同位语和补语时，前面常不用冠词常不用冠词Tips:e.g. In 1399,

9、 Henry IV became King of England.（P.23 L.49)动词不定式做宾补动词不定式做宾补to do 做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用做宾补表示宾语要去做的动作，能用to do 做宾补的做宾补的v.有：有：(即即v. +sb.+to do )ask,want, wish(无无hope), tell, order, warn, advise(无无suggest), allow(无无agree), invite, permit, forbid, expect, beg, force, encourage, send, teach, train, remind, req

10、uire (无无demand), would like , would prefer等等等等.I wish you to have a good trip.I would prefer you to stay for the dinner.Tips:有些动词后面须接有些动词后面须接不带不带to的不定式的不定式做宾语补足语做宾语补足语,常用的动词有常用的动词有: make,let,have,（get) see;hear,watch,notice,feel; look at, listen to; observe help等等,但是句子变成被动语态后但是句子变成被动语态后, 不定式不定式成为句子的

11、主语补足语成为句子的主语补足语,需带需带to.使役动词的用法：使役动词的用法：1.let sb./sth. do sth. 无被动无被动2.make sb. /sth.do sth. 使某人做某事，使某人做某事，sb. be made to do make sb./sth. done 使某人被使某人被3.have sb./sth. do sth.使某人做某事使某人做某事(无被动无被动) have sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人一直做（动作一使某人一直做（动作一直进行）直进行） have sb./sth. done 使某人被使某人被 或表示或表示“遭遇不遭遇不幸幸”4.get s

12、b. to do sth.使某人做某事使某人做某事 get sb./sth. done使某人被使某人被 感官动词感官动词see, notice, hear, listen to, watch, feel, smell, find, observe等等+ sb./sth.+do表示动作全过程表示动作全过程doing表动作正进行表动作正进行done表示被动动作表示被动动作I hear them sing a song.I hear them singing a song.I hear a song sung.注意：注意：ing 和和 ed 也可表状态，此时类似于也可表状态，此时类似于adj.的作用

13、的作用I find the match exciting.I find the students exctied.现在分词做宾补现在分词做宾补catch sb. doing ：抓住某人正在：抓住某人正在.mind sb. doing : 介意某人做某事介意某人做某事imagine sb. doing : 想象某人做某事想象某人做某事leave sb./sth. doing : 使得使得/留下某人留下某人.keep sb./sth. doing:使得某人使得某人.The policeman caught the thief stealing.He left the light burning.I

14、m sorry to have kept you waiting.注意：注意：leave/keep也可用也可用done做宾补，表示状态或被动做宾补，表示状态或被动He left the homework unfinished.We keep the door closed.过去分词做宾补过去分词做宾补1.使役动词使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表：“致使某人或某事被致使某人或某事被” We should keep them informed of what is going on here. Ja

15、ne got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况 2 .感官动词感官动词feel, find, hear,notice,see,watch等等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表：表：“感受到某人或某事被做感受到某人或某事被做”。 I was sleeping when I heard my name called. He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.I saw _robhim rob

16、bed by a man.I saw him _taken to the hospital.Fill in the blanks.I heard someone _me. I heard my name_. I found Tom _ the window.I found the window _callingcalledbreakbroken.I had my watch repaired.I had my room cleaned.I had my foot injured.She found his hair cut.She found his clothes washed. She f

17、ound his room cleaned. have sth./sb. done find sth./sb doneHe got his leg injured.He got his camera damaged.He got his glasses broken. get sth./sb doneI saw him beaten by his mother.I saw him bitten by a dog.I saw him robbed by a man. see sth./sb. doneI made him punished. make sth./sb. doneI watched

18、 him killed. watch sth./sb done3. 表示表示“意欲；命令意欲；命令”的动词如的动词如 ：like,order,want,wish,相当于过去分词短语前省相当于过去分词短语前省略了略了to be ，表示，表示“希望希望/要求某人或某事被做要求某人或某事被做”I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.He didnt want such question discussed at the meeting.The father wants his daughter taught the piano.

19、解题要点：解题要点：首先首先要知道动词后是跟要知道动词后是跟to do还是还是ing，ed, 或是原型。或是原型。其次其次要知道他们做宾补的区别：要知道他们做宾补的区别：to do 做宾补常表示要去做的动作。做宾补常表示要去做的动作。ing 做宾补常表示正在进行的或是延续的动作做宾补常表示正在进行的或是延续的动作ed 做宾补常表示被动的动作。做宾补常表示被动的动作。 v.原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官原型做宾补常表示动作全过程（跟在感官v.后）后）此外此外，ing 和和ed 做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时做宾补还可以表示宾语的状态，此时类似于类似于adj.最后最后根据题目的语境认真分析

20、，选出语法和释义都根据题目的语境认真分析，选出语法和释义都合理的最佳选项。合理的最佳选项。 几个特殊句式几个特殊句式1、With的复合结构的复合结构With +n.+V-ingP.P.Vto doAdj.Adv.Prep.with 宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用结构中，过去分词用作介词作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，

21、他的双手被绑在背后（表方式）凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件） With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因） 注意：注意： 在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且在这一结构中，当宾语为某一身体部位，且作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常作宾补的动词是及物动词时，身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分

22、词不可是过去分词的逻辑宾语，因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。换用现在分词。 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他（她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他（ fix ones eyes on 为固定短语，因此，不可将句为固定短语，因此，不可将句中中 fixed 换为换为 fixing ） He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。他仍然举着手站了一会儿。当用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位当用某些不及物动词的分词形式

23、作身体部位的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。的宾补时，用现在分词的形式。 She felt her heart beating fast. 她觉得心跳很快。（她觉得心跳很快。（beat 意为意为“心跳心跳”，是不及物动词）是不及物动词） find/leave 的用法与的用法与with相似相似2、considerregardtreatlook onhavethink of sb/sth to be(as)think of sb as/ think sb to bePractice单句改错1. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make him

24、self understand.2. We all elected Jason the monitor.3. The teacher asked us not make so much noise.4. - What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! - During the winter I like my house warmly and comfortable.understoodtowarm5. Dont leave the water run while you brush your teeth.6. He pushed the door

25、 opening.7. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.8. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.9. When I came in, I found a boy hide behind the door.10. It was a pity that the great writer died of his works unf

26、inished.runningopenputtingtohiddenwithPractice moreExercise:1.The managers discussed the plan thatthey would like to see_the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out2.Mrs. Brown was much disappointedto see the washing machine she had had_went wrong again.A.it B. it repairedC

27、.repaired D. to be repaired3.With a lot of difficult problems_,the newlyelected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settlingC.to settle D.being settled4.With trees,flowers and grass_everywhere, my native town had takenanew look.A.planting B.plantedC.to plant D.to be planted5. She was glad to

28、 see her child well_ care of.A.take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking6.The result of the entrance exams was not made _to the public until last Thursday.A.knowing B. known C.to know D.to be known7. I can make you _what I say,butyou cant make yourself_in English.A.understand; understandB.understand, u

29、nderstoodC.to understand, understandD.understand; to be understood8.He found them_at a table_A.sat; to play chessB.sitting; to play chessC.seated; playing chessD.seat; play the chess9. John rushed out in a hurry,_the door_.A.leaving; unlocked B.leaving;unlockingC.left, unlocked D.to leave;unlocking1

30、0.We are pleased to see the problem_ so quickly.A .settled B .settling C.be settled D .having been settled11.I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window.A .to blow B.blowing C.to be blowing D .blown1. Tell him _ the window.A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut2. -Theres

31、a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _.A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A.

32、to risk going B. risking to goC. for risk to go D. risk going单项选择单项选择5. I found the door _ when I got home.A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to7. I couldnt do my homework wi

33、th all that noise_.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newly- elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled9. I advised _ at once. A. him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start 10. When

34、I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _.A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth.A. pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out12. He managed to make himself_with his_English.A. understand; breaking B. understand; brokenC. understood; breaking D. understood; broken13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _.A. expose B. exposed C. to expose D. exposing