非谓语课件.ppt

1、Non-Non-finitivefinitive Verbs Verbs非谓语动词非谓语动词There is a boy named Wang. He really loves surfing the internet. One Sunday morning, not having done his homework, he enjoyed himself onthe computer again. He always cant help doing that on Sundays and the games are extremelyexciting. Suddenly, he heard

2、his mother opening the door. He immediately pretended to be studying hard. But it was too late. He forgot to turn the computer off when his mother enteredhis room. And surfing the internet with his homework unfinished is never allowed by his mother. Glancing at his mothers angry face, he could do no

3、thing but study without saying a word.定语定语宾语宾语状语状语宾语宾语表语表语宾补宾补宾语宾语宾语宾语主语主语宾补宾补状语状语宾语宾语宾语宾语Enjoy a story and read it , please!非谓语非谓语形式形式时态时态语态语态否定否定to doto doto be doingto have doneto be doneto have been donenot to dodo-ing doing having donebeing donehaving been donenot doingdonedonedonenot done非谓语动词

4、的构成：非谓语动词的构成：非谓语动词的基本点：非谓语动词的基本点：1.to do 表目的；表将来表目的；表将来2.do-ing 表主动，表进行，表事物的性质，令表主动，表进行，表事物的性质，令人人3.done 表被动，表完成，表人的情感，感表被动，表完成，表人的情感，感到到1.Not having done his homework, he enjoyed himself on the computer again.2. Glancing at his mothers angry face, he could do nothing but study without saying a word

5、.试试看试试看:1.He came _(see) me.2._(see) from the hill, the park looks more beautiful.3._(see) from the hill, I found the city small.4.While _(read) the book, he nodded from time to time.5.Miss Gao _(fall) ill, Mr.Wang took over her class instead.to seeSeen Seeingreadingfalling1.非谓语动词做状语：非谓语动词做状语：作状语的区别

6、作状语的区别to do：作状语常常表示目的，作状语常常表示目的，only 加不加不定式表意料之外的结果。定式表意料之外的结果。 doing：现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出来现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出来的，它们之间的关系是主动关系。的，它们之间的关系是主动关系。done：表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。它们之间的关系是被动关系。To make this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. He hurried to the station, only to fin

7、d the train had left.Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.doing 和和 having done 的区别的区别nNot knowing what to do, he turned to his father for help.nHaving finished his homework, he stopped to have a rest.n=After finishing his ho

8、mework, he stopped to have a rest.作状语的区别作状语的区别 done, being done 和和 having been done的区别的区别nHeated, water changes into steam.nGiven five minutes, I can finish it.nBeing painted, the house is empty.nHaving been discussed for many times, the problem was solved.nHaving been shown around the library, we w

9、ere taken to the teaching building.作状语的区别作状语的区别eg. Judging from his accent, he is from Hong Kong.Considering your health, youd better have a rest.2.非谓语动词做定语：非谓语动词做定语：试试看试试看:She is a teacher_(love) by all the students.Every day she has a lot of work _(do).And she is always the last one _(go) back hom

10、e.Her students _ (admire) her so much often go to visit her even after they have graduated from middle school.lovedto doto goadmiringHes pleasant fellow to work with. None is allowed to smoke in the waiting room. The men working here are all from the rural areas. There is a boy named Ming.作定语的区别作定语的

11、区别n1）to do 表将来，后置表将来，后置 The men to come is my teacher. The man to be invited is a professor.n2）V-ing表主动，进行，或用途表主动，进行，或用途 sleeping boy / boiling water sleeping car / swimming pool n3）done 表被动，或完成表被动，或完成nwritten English / spoken English3.非谓语动词做宾补：非谓语动词做宾补：1.Sundays and the games are extremely exciting

12、. Suddenly, he heard his mother opening the door.look at,see,watch,hear,listen to,notice,observesb./sth. doingsb./sth. do (sb./sth.be seen to do sth.)(sb/sth.be seen doing)let sb. do sth.have sb/sth. do sth.get sb/sth. to do sth.have/get sb./sth. doing have/get sth. done(主动，主动，一次性一次性）（主动，连续性）（主动，连续性

13、）（被动）（被动）make sb. do sth.make sth./oneself donesb.be made to do sth.(主动，主动，一次性一次性）2 .And surfing the internet with his homework unfinished is never allowed by his mother.withsb/sth + doing sth.sb./sth. +to do sb./sth. + done(主动）主动）（目的）（目的）（被动，完成）（被动，完成）非谓语动词做宾补：非谓语动词做宾补：4.非谓语动词做主语：非谓语动词做主语：And surfi

14、ng the internet with his homework unfinished is never allowed by his Mother.注意：注意：1.动词原形不能做主语。动词原形不能做主语。2.It +is/was+adj./n. +( for sb./of sb. )+to do sth.3.It +is/was+no good/no use +doing sth. 试试看试试看:踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，我下定决心努力学习，不让妈妈失望，但说比做容易，我下定决心努力学习，不让妈妈失望，但说比做容易，空谈

15、不做是没有用的。空谈不做是没有用的。踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，我下定决心努力学习，不让妈妈失望，但说比做容易，我下定决心努力学习，不让妈妈失望，但说比做容易，空谈不做是没有用的。空谈不做是没有用的。Playing football is my favorite. It is very kind of my mother to allow me to play football today.I have made up my mind to study hard in ordernot to make my mother di

16、sappointed. But talkingis easier than doing. It is no use talking withoutdoing anything.1.He really loves surfing the internet.2.He always cant help doing that on Sundays .3.He immediately pretended to be studying hard.4.He forgot to turn the computer off when his mother entered his room.5.Glancing

17、at his mothers angry face, he could do nothing but study without saying a word.5.非谓语动词做宾语：非谓语动词做宾语：1.He really loves surfing the internet.非谓语动词做宾语：非谓语动词做宾语：begin, start,like,love, hate, prefer, continueto do sth.doing sth.( 指具体的动作）指具体的动作）（泛指的行为）（泛指的行为）意义差别不大意义差别不大need, want, requireto be donedoing=(

18、需要做什么）需要做什么）2.He forgot to turn the computer off when his mother entered his room.注意区别以下动词短语注意区别以下动词短语1).remember/forget/regret to do remember/forget/regret doing2).go on to do go on doing 3).try to do try doing 4).mean to do mean doing 5).cant help to do cant help doing非谓语动词做宾语：非谓语动词做宾语：3.He always

19、 cant help doing that on Sundays .非谓语动词做宾语：非谓语动词做宾语：mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider等等+ doing sth.cant help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist

20、 on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to等等 +doing sth.4.He immediately pretended to be studying hard.hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, d

21、etermine, promise, happen,seem + to do sth.pretendhappenseemto do sth.to be doing sth.to have done非谓语动词做宾语：非谓语动词做宾语：5.Glancing at his mothers angry face, he could do nothing but study without saying a word.介词宾语一般为介词宾语一般为do-ing形式形式,但少数动词（如但少数动词（如but,except etc.）除外除外.试试看试试看:1).I had no choice but _( l

22、ie ) down and have a rest.2).I could do nothing but _(watch) TV for half an hour.3).He enjoyed nothing but _(read).to liewatchreading 非谓语动词做宾语：非谓语动词做宾语：The games are extremely exciting.试试看试试看:My favorite sport is_ (play) basketball.But the news that we have to do the cleaning is really_ (surprise).M

23、y job is _(clean) the) of window.I am very_ (tire) it.3.非谓语动词做表语：非谓语动词做表语：The games are extremely exciting.试试看试试看:My favorite sport is playing basketball. But thenews that we have to do the cleaning is reallysurprising. My job is to clean the window. I am very tired of it.6.非谓语动词做表语：非谓语动词做表语：n（1）to

24、do 表示一次具体的动作；时间上表表示一次具体的动作；时间上表将来将来 nOur job is to build the house.n（2）V-ing 表抽象，或主动；相当于形容词表抽象，或主动；相当于形容词 My job is teaching. The news is surprising.n（3）done 表示被动，表完成。表示被动，表完成。 He is married. My key is lost. / He is gone. He was very excited.阅读下列句子，观察阅读下列句子，观察:非谓语动词语逻辑主语的关系非谓语动词语逻辑主语的关系（主动还是被动）（主动还是

25、被动）；与谓语动词时间的关系与谓语动词时间的关系（之前、同时还是之后发生）（之前、同时还是之后发生）1.He lay there, looking into the sky.2.Driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.3. With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank to buy presents.4.Having failed to reach them on the

26、phone, we sent an email instead.5. She is said to have just completed a novel. 总结总结: :非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系：非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系：表示表示主动主动用用V-V-inging、表示表示被动被动用用V-edV-ed；与谓语动词时间的关系：与谓语动词时间的关系：同时同时发生用发生用: :v-ingv-ing的一般形式的一般形式、发生在之发生在之前前用用: :完成形式；完成形式；发生在之发生在之后后用用: :不定式的一般形式不定式的一般形式。一个中心；两个基本点：一个中心；两个基本点：一个句子只有一个主语和

27、一个谓语，这是构成一个句子只有一个主语和一个谓语，这是构成句子的核心；出现第二个动词时，如果有连词句子的核心；出现第二个动词时，如果有连词那就是并列谓语，如果没有连词就使用非谓语。那就是并列谓语，如果没有连词就使用非谓语。使用非谓语时要使用非谓语时要明确两种关系明确两种关系：一是与逻辑主一是与逻辑主语的关系语的关系，与逻辑主语是被动关系使用过去分，与逻辑主语是被动关系使用过去分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系使用现在分词；词，与逻辑主语是主动关系使用现在分词；第第二种关系是非谓语动词发生的时间与谓语动词二种关系是非谓语动词发生的时间与谓语动词的关系：的关系：与谓语动词同时发生使用现在分词的与谓语动词同

28、时发生使用现在分词的一般形式（一般形式（doingdoing）、先于谓语发生使用现在分）、先于谓语发生使用现在分词的完成形式词的完成形式(having done)(having done)有时也用有时也用(to have (to have done)done)、后于谓语发生使用不定式的一般形式、后于谓语发生使用不定式的一般形式(to do). (to do). nHe was lying there, covered by a blanket.nHe was lying there, his face covered by a book.nThere being no buses, we ha

29、d to walk home.nIt being Sunday, the library was closed.nTime permitting, well go to the zoo.归纳总结：归纳总结：两个句子分别要有自己的主语和谓语，两个句子分别要有自己的主语和谓语，如果用如果用并列连词并列连词连接就形成连接就形成并列句并列句；用用从属连词从属连词连接就构成连接就构成复合句复合句。但是两部分放在一起，没有连词连接那就但是两部分放在一起，没有连词连接那就是一个句子，就一个主语和谓语，另一部是一个句子，就一个主语和谓语，另一部分就是分就是名词名词+非谓语非谓语。不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构nIt is important for me to learn English well.nIt is polite of you to do so.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构n me going there.n my going there.nHe suggested Tom going there.n Toms going there.nMy / Toms going there is refused.