语法动名词作主语和宾语PPT课件.ppt
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1、1动名词作主语和宾语一、概念 doingdone to do动名词动名词现在分词现在分词2动名词作主语动名词作主语grammar3Write the sentences.读书增长我们的知识。读书增长我们的知识。爬山真是有趣。爬山真是有趣。 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。游泳是我最喜欢的运动。早起是一个好的习惯。早起是一个好的习惯。Reading books widens our knowledge.Climbing mountains is really fun. Swimming is my favorite sport.Getting up earlyGetting up early is a g
2、ood habit. is a good habit.1.直接位于句首做直接位于句首做主语。主语。 1)动名词作主语。)动名词作主语。 注意谓语动词要用单数注意谓语动词要用单数。42)动名词的被动式(being done),也可当主语。被人取笑是件令人痛苦的事。长期暴露在阳光下对皮肤有害。3) 动名词的否定式,是在doing前加上not.不努力(不努力( )will result in failure.4).动名词的复合结构作主语他没有回来( made us worried.他的粗心( ) led to the accident.Being laughed at is a painful th
3、ing.Being exposed to sunlight for too long time will do harm to ones skin. His not coming back)Not working hardHis being careless52. 使用形式主语使用形式主语 ,而将动名词句尾。,而将动名词句尾。 Its no use /useless doing Its no good doing Its a waste of time doing Its (no) fun doing 干干 是有(无)趣的是有(无)趣的和她争吵是没有用的。吸烟是没有好处的,你最好放弃。在这里等
4、着是浪费时间。Its no use arguing with her.Its no good smoking, youd better give it up.Its a waste of time waiting here.63. 用于there be 结构中There is no point (in) doing做做是没有意义的是没有意义的Theres no point (in) getting angry.批注:主语要和表语一致给予就是得到。教也是学。眼见为实Giving is receiving.Teaching can be learning as well.Seeing is bel
5、ieving.72) 动词不定式和动名词都可以做主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象或习惯性动作;不定式多用来表示特指或某次具体的动作。_(Walking/To walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. _(Walking/To walk) in the garden is what I want to do this afternoon.8用于布告形式的省略用于布告形式的省略结构中。结构中。 No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ).No parking.9动名
6、词作宾语动名词作宾语grammar10常跟动词常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅,考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想,承认推迟没得想,避免错过继续练,避免错过继续练,否认完成停能赏,否认完成停能赏,不禁介意准逃亡,不禁介意准逃亡,不准冒险凭想象。不准冒险凭想象。consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon admit, delay / put off, fancy avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise deny, finish, stop, enjoy / ap
7、preciate cant help, mind, allow/ permit, escape forbid, risk, imagine 112)某些短语(特别是某些含有介词的短语)后,需要用动名词作宾语。常用短语有:常用的带介词 to 短语有:lead to /look forward to/devote to /pay attention to/be(get)used to/get down to (开始认真干)/object to/be opposed to(反对)/ be addicted to(沉溺于)其他:cant help (情不自禁)/insist on/feel like/
8、put off(推迟)/cant bear/ stand(不能忍受) feel like/ succeed in/depend on /be fond of/be worth/ in addition to/have difficulty/hard time in doing123) 某些词后既可加不定式又可加动名词,但意义截然不同,需要引起极大注意!如: go on to do (做完一件事后)接着做另一件事 go on doing 继续做(原来做的事)After a break, the teacher went on _ (to give /giving) his lessonAfter
9、 finishing his home work, he went on_(sweeping/to sweep) the floor. remember to do 记着要做 (动作未发生) remember doing 记得做过(动作已发生) 13I remembered to post the letter.我要记住把信寄出去。(未寄)I remembered posting/having post the letter.我记得把信寄出去。 (已寄) forget to do 忘了去做 (没做) forget doing/having done 忘记以前曾做过 (做过忘了)I forgot
10、 to post the letter.我忘了去寄信。(没寄)I forgot posting/having post the letter.我忘了曾寄过信了。(寄了,但忘了)14 regret to do (say/tell/inform/announce) 遗憾地 (对将要做的事抱歉) regret doing/having done 后悔做了 (对已经发生的事感到后悔)I regret _ (say) I cant come.I regret _(spend) so much money the on car. mean to do 打算做(主语一般是人) mean doing 意味着(
11、主语一般是物)You really mean _ (go)Being late means _ (wait) for another hour.15 try to do 设法 /尽力/努力去做 try doing 尝试着去做(看有何结果)Since the front door wont open, why not try _ (open) the back door?Try _ (write) better in your exam.stop to do 停下来做(另一件事)stop doing 停止做(原来做的事)He stopped _ (say) to his teacher on t
12、he way.When the bell rang, we stopped _ (talk) cant help (to) do 不能帮助做 cant help doing 禁(忍)不住做16I cant help _ (cook). Im too busy.On hearing joke, they couldnt help _(laugh) be used to do 被用来做 be used to doing 习惯于/适应于 Wood is used to _ (make) paper. He has been used to_ (get) up early.4) 动名词表示被动意义:
13、动词 need, require, want 表示“需要”时,其后跟动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动式作宾语。即: doing need/want/require+ to be done17The door needs/wants/requires _(repair) _2) 作动词或介词的宾语作动词或介词的宾语Do you mind my/me smoking?I insist on Marys/Mary going there.我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。I heard of your/you being ill. 我没听说你病了183)用法:(1)一般式 doing/being done 的用法
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