Unit 4 History and traditions Discovering Useful Structures ppt课件-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第二册(2).pptx

1、UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSDiscovering Useful Structures目录课后习题课后习题过去分词作定语过去分词作定语过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语重点词汇重点词汇课后习题PART 01Look at the sentences and underline the past participles. In pairsLook at the sentences and underline the past participles. In pairs，discuss their discuss their functions. Then fi

2、nd more sentences with the -ed form in the text. functions. Then find more sentences with the -ed form in the text. 1 1 Most people just use the shortened name Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or“the UK”. “the United Kingdom” or“the UK”. 2 2They use the same flagThey use

3、the same flag，known as the Union Jackknown as the Union Jack，. . 3 3They had castles built all around EnglandThey had castles built all around England，. . When the past participle is used as the object complementWhen the past participle is used as the object complement，it is often formed it is often

4、 formed with the “have/get/feel /find/. + object + -ed form”. with the “have/get/feel /find/. + object + -ed form”. Activity 1Activity 1Express feelings and describe situationsExpress feelings and describe situations1 shortened（as the attribute）2 known（as the attribute） 3 built（as the object complem

5、ent）The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Englandmany people are confused by. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past participles in the left Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past p

6、articiples in the left column. Compare the meaning of each pair of phrases. Then make sentences with the column. Compare the meaning of each pair of phrases. Then make sentences with the phrases.phrases.Activity 2Activity 2tiredtiredorganisedorganiseddresseddressedRead the sentences and underline th

7、e -ed form as the object complement.Read the sentences and underline the -ed form as the object complement.Activity Activity 3 31.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged. Judy and I had our car parked in an underground

8、 car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged. 2.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there

9、 were no audio guides left.3. We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4Judy had

10、her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. 5 She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was de

11、livered safely. She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. Activity 4Activity 41 Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape，which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey tha

12、t was homemade.3 The familys ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4 The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars，which were positioned on the hill.Rewrite the sentences with past partic

13、iples as the attributeRewrite the sentences with past participles as the attribute，andandthen see whether you can write a little story with them.then see whether you can write a little story with them.1 Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing. 2 Carl and his friends stayed

14、with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey. 3 The familys ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War. 4 The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill. noti

15、ce please add impress charge take care ofActivity 5Activity 51 His gaining admission to Peking University made his parents very _.1 His gaining admission to Peking University made his parents very _.2 Be confident. This bright-coloured dress will get you _ because of their 2 Be confident. This brigh

16、t-coloured dress will get you _ because of their highly imaginative storylines.highly imaginative storylines.3 If you want to make the food tastier, you could have more spices _ to the 3 If you want to make the food tastier, you could have more spices _ to the dishes.dishes.4 She found herself _ by

17、the beauty of the landscape in Australia.4 She found herself _ by the beauty of the landscape in Australia.5 Getting back from her business trip, Judy was happy to see her puppies well _ 5 Getting back from her business trip, Judy was happy to see her puppies well _ by her friend.by her friend.6 Rem

18、ember to get your battery _ before setting off rom the camping ground.6 Remember to get your battery _ before setting off rom the camping ground.Complete the sentences using the past participles of the verbs or Complete the sentences using the past participles of the verbs or phrase as the object co

19、mplement. (WORKBOOK P80 EX. 1)phrase as the object complement. (WORKBOOK P80 EX. 1)pleasednoticedaddedchargedimpressedtaken care ofattribute reserve design pollute drive completeActivity 6Activity 61 The first engine _ by steam was invented by James Watt, an inventor and engineer.2 It is dangerous f

20、or the villagers to drink from wells _ with poisonous chemicals.3 Rosemary shares her _ lunch with two friends every day.4 Westminster Abbey is a typical Gothic church, _ in the 10th century.5 These are English textbooks specially _ for primary school students.6 In the car park of the National Museu

21、m there are parking spaces _ for people with disabilities.Complete the sentences using the past participles of the verbs as the Complete the sentences using the past participles of the verbs as the attribute. (WORKBOOK P80 EX. 2)attribute. (WORKBOOK P80 EX. 2)drivenpollutedpackedreservedcompleteddes

22、igned非谓语动词-过去分词12 什么是非谓 语动词啊？ “非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。13英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词： 加连词（and / but / so） 放入从句 变为非谓语动词 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语 非谓语动词动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式过去分词作定语PART0216 宣言给的黑奴带来了希望。犹如灯塔的光芒，千万在那摧残生命的不义之火中受煎熬这一庄严定语：用来修饰、限定、说明名词和代词的品质和特征的。汉语中常翻译为：.的分词是动词的一种非谓语形式。分词有两种形式：doingd

23、oing和和donedonedoing一般表示主动和进行，done一般表示被动和完成。分词在句中可作定语、状语、补足语和表语。时间句首时间状语逗号terrified people 受到惊吓的人们受到惊吓的人们 polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水a closed door 关闭的门关闭的门单个的过去分词作定语时，一般兼有_和_的意义，常作_定语, 相当于一个_。被动完成前置形容词时间句首时间状语逗号spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习书面练习单个的过去分词作前置定语，有时只有_ 意义。被动时间句首时间状语逗号 fallen

24、leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师单个的过去分词作前置定语，有时只有_ 意义。完成时间句首时间状语逗号1.He is one of those invited.2.There was nobody punished here.单个的过去分词作定语时，如果被修饰的词为复合不定代词或指示代词 those 时，常作_定语。后置时间句首时间状语逗号 The books written by Lu Xun are popular 鲁迅写

25、的书很受欢迎。 Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。过去分词短语作定语时，常作_定语。一般表_ _和_的意义。后置被动完成过去分词过去分词，现在分词和不定式现在分词和不定式作作后置定语后置定语的区别的区别时间句首时间状语逗号1）They think of greedy _ (hide) from their responsibilities.2) This will result in a smaller number of _ (leave) for us to eat in the

26、future.3）What we need are better laws _ (preserve) the environment and still allow our country to grow.hidingleftto preserve时间句首时间状语逗号1）过去分词短语作后置定语,被修饰词与过去分词有逻辑上的_ 关系，表被动。2）现在分词短语作后置定语,被修饰词与现在分词有逻辑上的_ 关系， 表主动。3）不定式作后置定语，表_的动作。主谓动宾将来发生的过去分词过去分词，现在分词和不定式现在分词和不定式作作后置定语后置定语的区别的区别时间句首时间状语逗号If I had the c

27、hance, I would have a cloned baby.=If I had the chance, I would have a baby _单个过去分词who is cloned.过去分词过去分词作作定语和定语从句的关系定语和定语从句的关系时间句首时间状语逗号The concert given by him was a great success.=The concert _ was a great success.过去分词短语which was given by him过去分词短语过去分词短语作作定语和定语从句的关系定语和定语从句的关系时间句首时间状语逗号单个的过去分词和过去分

28、词短语作定语时，都相当于一个定语从句，并且都可转化成相应的_。定语从句现在分词和过去分词作定语，有何区别呢？the _ sun (rise)the _ sun (rise)risingrisenFill in the blanks._ leaves (fall)_ leaves (fall)fallenfalling1. The boy _ (beat)the dog is her brother.2. The boy _ (beat) by the man is her brother.beatingbeaten结论：现在分词作定语,表示动作_, _意义;过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前已

29、_,或具有_意义.正在进行 主动完成被动过去分词作宾语补足语PART0333作补语人/物1 动作1 动作2 人/物2 主语谓语宾语补语发出发出作用在 宾语补足语：1. His father named him Daming. 2. They painted their house white.3. You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.5. We saw her entering the room. 6. We must get the work finished b

30、y 10 oclock. 7. When you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the fresh air in. adj. n. v-ing to do prep.phrase to do v-ed adv.1.） He heard his name called.2.） She saw the thief caught by policeman.Discussion: Discussion: 说出说出过去分词过去分词在句中充当的成分在句中充当的成分. . 1) I speak loudly to make myself heard.2)

31、 When she went back to the shop to buy the vase, she found it sold.1. 使役动词：have/make/get/leave/keepsee/notice/observe/hear/feel 3.1 With all the homework finished, I went to bed.过去分词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。3.2 With my pocket picked, I had to walk home .3.3 He lay in bed with his head covered.withI saw the

32、teacher _(catch) him _(cheat) in the exam.cheatingI saw him _(catch) by the teacheryesterday.caughtcatching现在分词表现在分词表:主动，进行主动，进行过去分词表过去分词表: 被动，完成被动，完成过去分词过去分词与与现在分词现在分词作作宾补宾补的区别的区别举个栗子举个栗子I heard someone _me. I heard my name _. I found Tom _ the window. I found the window _.callingcalled breakingbro

33、ken与句子的宾语是与句子的宾语是主动主动关系关系与句子的宾语是与句子的宾语是被动被动关系关系表示动作的表示动作的进行进行表示动作的表示动作的完成和结果完成和结果callbreak2. 感官动词：感官动词： 一感一感 feel 二听二听 hear, listen to 三让三让 let,make,have 五看五看 see, watch,notice, look , observe 3. 情感心理动词：情感心理动词：find，think，want, wish, like1. 使役动词使役动词 keep, leave, get, have, make，order掌握此类掌握此类V+sth./sb

34、. done 结构结构用法用法语法总结 过去分词可用于使役动词、感官动词、使役动词、感官动词、情感心理情感心理动词后作宾补。Summary: 1)过去分词紧跟在_后作_，用于补充完整宾语的意义;2)过去分词与宾语存在逻辑上的_关系， 表被动和完成。3)现在分词与宾语存在逻辑上的_关系，表宾语宾补动宾主谓Language pointsPART 03核心词汇1 1 charge charge n. （1）做动词（2）n. 主管，掌管；费用，收费；指控，控告2 announce vt. 2 announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称宣布；通知；声称announcement n. announceme

35、nt n. 宣告，宣布；通知宣告，宣布；通知3 amount n. 3 amount n. 金额；数量金额；数量4 approach v. &n.4 approach v. &n.金额；数量金额；数量（1 1）vt. vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. vi. 靠近靠近（2 2）n. n. 接近，靠近；方法，方式；通路，路径接近，靠近；方法，方式；通路，路径approaching adj.approaching adj.接近的，逼近的接近的，逼近的5 ensure vt.5 ensure vt.保证；确保；担保（保证；确保；担保（=make sure=make sure）

36、vt. vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. vi. 靠近靠近 在日常英语中，人们一般说在日常英语中，人们一般说 make sure make sure，而不说，而不说 ensure ensure6 generous adj.6 generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的慷慨的；大方的；丰富的vt. vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. vi. 靠近靠近 generously adv. generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地慷慨地，大方地 generosity n. generosity n. 慷慨，大方慷慨，大方 mean adj. me

37、an adj. 吝啬的，小气的反义词吝啬的，小气的反义词7 position n. 7 position n. 位置；姿态；职位；处境，状况位置；姿态；职位；处境，状况sitting/standing/lying position sitting/standing/lying position 坐姿坐姿 / / 站姿站姿 / / 卧姿卧姿当当 position position，situationsituation，pointpoint，casecase，stage stage 等表示抽象地点的名词作先等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句常用行词且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句常用 where where 引导。引导。THE END