（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第二册Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS ppt课件（含讲义）(共9份打包).rar

Unit 4HISTORY AND TRADITIONS主题语境人与社会之历史、社会与文化【语境概说】 本单元的话题内容是“历史和传统” ，它属于“人与社会”这一主题语境下的“历史、社会与文化” 。该主题语境包括常见的中国和外国的历史知识、人物及事件等。通过本单元的学习，学生不仅能够从历史人物和历史事件中得到启发，还能够提高他们的历史底蕴和文化修养，有利于学生身心健康成长。History is the teacher of life.历史是生活的教师。History can teach us the wisdom and the relativity of value.历史可以教我们智慧和价值的相对性。Society differs from nature in having a definite moral object.社会与自然的不同就在于它有一个明确的合乎道德的目标。History is a mirror, which illuminates not only the reality but also the future.历史是一面镜子，它照亮现实，也照亮未来。Section Listening and Speaking1.Translate the following words and phrases.Confucius 孔子mansion n.公馆；宅第cemetery n. 墓地；公墓 philosophy n. 哲学descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙individual adj.单独的；个别的 n.个人heel n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟temple n. 寺庙 confusion n. 困惑the family tree 家谱 Dacheng Hall 大成殿be similar to 和相似 noticeable 显眼的Achilless heel 阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点2.Brainstorming：How many historic sites have you visited and what are they?The_answer_is_open.3.Look at the pictures on Page 38 and tell your classmates what these pictures stand for.Temple_of_Confucius_is_in_memory_of_Confucius;_Kong_Family_Mansion_is_where_Confucius_and_his_descendants_lived_and_he_was_buried_in_Cemetery_of_Confucius.4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 38.5.Try to translate the following sentences.它坐落在山东省。It_is_located/lies_in_Shandong_Province.孔庙占地 140 000 平方米，大约有 2 500 年的历史。Temple_of_Confucius_covers_an_area_of_140，000_square_meters,_with_a_history_of_about_2，500_years.它已经成为最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。It_has_become_one_of_the_most_popular_tourist_attractions.它们很值得参观。They_are_well_worth_visiting.Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 38 and Ex.4 on Page 39.1.SpeakingFinish Ex.5 on Page 39 by following the example.Confucius ideas on education have a great influence on the learning at present.One of his famous sayings“学而时习之，不亦说乎”indicates that repeating plays an important part in learning, while another example “学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆”stresses the importance of the relationship between thinking and learning.2.PronunciationListen to the following dialogue and pay attention to the linking sound.W：Hi, David.I think youre fat.M：Im too busy to take any exercise.W：That is just an excuse.You can always find some time to exercise.M：But I work hard all day for long hours.I often have no time for lunch.W：I think not eating meals cant help you lose weight.Instead, you will eat more in the evening.M：I know youre right, but what can I do?W：How about going for a walk instead of watching TV on the sofa every evening?M：But its too boring.W：Why not take an MP4 with you? You can enjoy the music and get healthy at the same time.语言知识积累描述“地点”的常用表达1.It is located/lies in., with an area of.2.It covers an area of., with a history of.3., located in.and covering an area of., is one of Chinas most famous scenic spots.4.The history of.dates back to.5.It has become the most popular tourist attraction since.6.is well worth visiting.文化知识习得三孔 (曲阜孔府、孔庙、孔林)山东济宁曲阜的孔府、孔庙、孔林，统称曲阜“三孔” ，是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称。山东济宁曲阜是孔子的故乡。孔夫子生前在此开坛授学，首创儒家文化，为此后2 000 多年的中国历史深深地打上了儒学烙印。以孔子为代表的儒家文化，按照自己的理想塑造了整个中国的思想、政治和社会体系，成为整个中国文化的基石。1994 年孔庙、孔林、孔府被联合国列入世界遗产名录。孔庙，公元前 478 年始建，后不断扩建，至今成为一处占地 14 公顷(1 公顷10 000 平方米)的古建筑群，包括三殿、一阁、一坛、三祠、两庑、两堂、两斋、十七亭与五十四门坊，气势宏伟、巨碑林立，堪称宫殿之城。孔府，建于宋代，是孔子嫡系子孙居住之地，西与孔庙毗邻，占地约 16 公顷，共有九进院落，有厅、堂、楼、轩 463 间，旧称“衍圣公府” 。孔林，亦称“至圣林” ，是孔子及其家族的专用墓地，也是世界上延续时间最长的家族墓地，林墙周长 7 千米，内有古树 2 万多株，是一处古老的人造园林。发音技巧点拨连读规律1.辅音元音：第一个单词以辅音结尾，第二个单词以元音开头，则两个单词连读。如 cut out；an old book 等。2.r 或 re 结尾：若后面的单词以元音音素开头，两个单词连读。此时 r 或 re 不仅要发/r/音，还要和后面的元音一起连读。3.元音元音：常见情况是 he is 和 she is 的连读，分别连成“his”“shis”的发音。4.辅音半元音：若前一词是辅音结尾，后一词以半元音开头，尤其是以/j/开头，则两个单词要连读。如 thank you; did you 等。.Listening()Listen to the first dialogue just once and choose the best answer.What does the woman advise the man to buy?A.Some fruits. B.Some flowers.C.Some books.答案C听力原文：M：Its Marys birthday next Sunday.I want to buy her a present, but I cant decide what to buy for her.W：You should buy her some books about the English history.It is her cup of tea. ()Listen to the second dialogue twice and choose the best answer.1.Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?A.Boss and secretary. B.Husband and wife.C.Brother and sister.2.When will the man go to the airport?A.At 12：30.B.At 13：30.C.At 3：00.3.Where will the man be on the seventeenth day of his business?A.In the UK. B.In America.C.In Japan.4.Why does the woman think Tom is lucky?A.Because he can come back home early.B.Because he doesnt go on business.C.Because he can travel to Tokyo.答案1.B2.B3.C4.A听力原文：W：Have you finished packing, honey?M：Yes.Everything I need is in my suitcase now.W：So when will you go to the airport?M：My plane takes off at 3：00 pm.I still have two and a half hours left.Ill leave here in an hour.W：How long will you stay in the UK this time?M：Two weeks.But Ill fly to Tokyo and stay there for another week.Then Ill come back to New York.W：Youll be away from home for three weeks.Thats a long time.M：So what will you do in these three weeks?W：I want to go to the countryside and stay with my parents.M：Thats a good idea.You havent seen them for almost half a year.They must miss you now.W：I miss them, too.So is anybody going with you this time?M：Yes.Tom will go with me.But he wont go to Tokyo.Hell come back in two weeks.W：Hes lucky.Listening and speaking()ListeningListen to the third dialogue twice and fill in the blanks.W：What a beautiful day for a_picnic!M：You are right.But it will be too_hot in the afternoon.How about visiting_Kong_Family_Mansion this afternoon?W：Thats a good idea.Shall we ask Tom to go with us?M：OK.But Im afraid he cant_go_with_us.W：Why?M：He has to go_to_Ireland tomorrow.W：Does he go there to visit his friends?M：No.He is going to enjoy_the_beautiful_countryside with his girlfriend.()SpeakingMake a dialogue with your partner to talk about historic sites.The_answer_is_open.*Unit 4HISTORY AND TRADITIONS*主题语境人与社会之历史、社会与文化本单元的话题内容是“历史和传统”，它属于“人与社会”这一主题语境下的“历史、社会与文化”。该主题语境包括常见的中国和外国的历史知识、人物及事件等。通过本单元的学习，学生不仅能够从历史人物和历史事件中得到启发，还能够提高他们的历史底蕴和文化修养，有利于学生身心健康成长。【语境概说】*History is the teacher of life.历史是生活的教师。History can teach us the wisdom and the relativity of value.历史可以教我们智慧和价值的相对性。Society differs from nature in having a definite moral object.社会与自然的不同就在于它有一个明确的合乎道德的目标。History is a mirror, which illuminates not only the reality but also the future.历史是一面镜子，它照亮现实，也照亮未来。*Section Listening and Speaking1.Translate the following words and phrases.Confucius _mansion n. _cemetery n. _ philosophy n. _descendant n. _individual adj._n._孔子公馆；宅第墓地；公墓哲学后裔；后代；子孙单独的；个别的个人*heel n. _ temple n. _confusion n. _ the family tree _Dacheng Hall _ be similar to _noticeable _ Achilless heel _足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟寺庙困惑家谱大成殿和相似显眼的阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点*2.Brainstorming：How many historic sites have you visited and what are they?The answer is open.*3.Look at the pictures on Page 38 and tell your classmates what these pictures stand for._Temple of Confucius is in memory of Confucius; Kong Family Mansion is where Confucius and his descendants lived and he was buried in Cemetery of Confucius.*4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 38.5.Try to translate the following sentences.它坐落在山东省。_孔庙占地140 000平方米，大约有2 500年的历史。_它已经成为最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。_它们很值得参观。_It is located/lies in Shandong Province.Temple of Confucius covers an area of 140，000 square meters, with a history of about 2，500 years.It has become one of the most popular tourist attractions.They are well worth visiting.*Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 38 and Ex.4 on Page 39.*1.SpeakingFinish Ex.5 on Page 39 by following the example.Confucius ideas on education have a great influence on the learning at present.One of his famous sayings“学而时习之，不亦说乎”indicates that repeating plays an important part in learning, while another example “学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆”stresses the importance of the relationship between thinking and learning.*2.PronunciationListen to the following dialogue and pay attention to the linking sound.W：Hi, David.I think youre fat.M：Im too busy to take any exercise.W：That is just an excuse.You can always find some time to exercise.M：But I work hard all day for long hours.I often have no time for lunch.W：I think not eating meals cant help you lose weight.Instead, you will eat more in the evening.M：I know youre right, but what can I do?W：How about going for a walk instead of watching TV on the sofa every evening?*M：But its too boring.W：Why not take an MP4 with you? You can enjoy the music and get healthy at the same time.*语言知识积累描述“地点”的常用表达1.It is located/lies in., with an area of.2.It covers an area of., with a history of.3., located in.and covering an area of., is one of Chinas most famous scenic spots.4.The history of.dates back to.5.It has become the most popular tourist attraction since.6.is well worth visiting.*文化知识习得三孔 (曲阜孔府、孔庙、孔林)山东济宁曲阜的孔府、孔庙、孔林，统称曲阜“三孔”，是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称。山东济宁曲阜是孔子的故乡。孔夫子生前在此开坛授学，首创儒家文化，为此后2 000多年的中国历史深深地打上了儒学烙印。以孔子为代表的儒家文化，按照自己的理想塑造了整个中国的思想、政治和社会体系，成为整个中国文化的基石。1994年孔庙、孔林、孔府被联合国列入世界遗产名录。*孔庙，公元前 478年始建，后不断扩建，至今成为一处占地14公顷 (1公顷10 000平方米)的古建筑群，包括三殿、一阁、一坛、三祠、两庑、两堂、两斋、十七亭与五十四门坊，气势宏伟、巨碑林立，堪称宫殿之城。孔府，建于宋代，是孔子嫡系子孙居住之地，西与孔庙毗邻，占地约16公顷，共有九进院落，有厅、堂、楼、轩463间，旧称 “衍圣公府 ”。孔林，亦称“至圣林”，是孔子及其家族的专用墓地，也是世界上延续时间最长的家族墓地，林墙周长7千米，内有古树2万多株，是一处古老的人造园林。*发音技巧点拨连读规律1.辅音元音：第一个单词以辅音结尾，第二个单词以元音开头，则两个单词连读。如 cut out；an old book等。2.r或re结尾：若后面的单词以元音音素开头，两个单词连读。此时r或re不仅要发 /r/音，还要和后面的元音一起连读。3.元音元音：常见情况是he is和she is的连读，分别连成“his”“shis”的发音。4.辅音半元音：若前一词是辅音结尾，后一词以半元音开头，尤其是以/j/开头，则两个单词要连读。如thank you; did you等。 *本节内容结束Section Reading and Thinking(1)1.DiscussingMatch the pictures with the proper introductions.(1)CThe queenthe head of state，but in name only.The most powerful one is the Prime Minister，who controls everything in the UK.(2)D The River ThamesThe longest river.(3)B LondonThe capital，where the Olympic Games were held three times.(4)A The United KingdomIt actually includes four countries：England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland.2.PredictingLook at the map on Page 40 and predict what it is used for.The_map_tells_us_where_the_UK_lies_and_how_many_parts_it_is_made_up_of.1.First readingRead the text and finish the following exercises.(1)How many names are mentioned in the first paragraph, and what are they?Four;_The_United_Kingdom,_Great_Britain,_Britain,_England.(2)Arrange the following events in time order.Scotland was joined.Ireland was added.Wales was joined.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland came into being.The southern part of Ireland broke away.(3)In which areas do the four countries work together?The_same_flag,_the_same_currency_and_military_defense.(4)Why is the history of the United Kingdom interesting?Because_four_different_groups_of_people_took_over_at_different_times_through_history_and_had_different_influences_on_it.(5)What is the main idea of the last paragraph?The_charm_of_the_UK_is_rooted_in_its_history_and_modern_culture.2.Second readingFill in the blanks according to the text.WHATS IN A NAMEIntroductionHow to solve the puzzle caused by the different namesGetting to know a little bit about British history.in the 16th centuryWales was joined to the kingdom of England.in the 18th centuryScotland was joined to create the kingdom of Great Britain.in the 19th centuryThe kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.Historyin the 20th centuryThe southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.the Romansbuilt towns and roadsPeople and traditionsthe AngloSaxonsintroduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way people built housesthe Vikingsleft behind lots of new vocabulary，and also the names of many locations across the UKthe Normanshad castles built；made changes to the legal systemthe capital city Londonan ancient port city；countless historic sites；lots of the museumsSummarythe UKa fascinating mix of history and modern culture3.Third reading(1)Read the text again and try to summarize main idea in one sentence.The_text_is_about_the_history_and_culture_of_the_UK.(2)Why is it important to study the history and culture of a country before visiting it?The_history_of_a_country_can_reflect_its_development,_and_the_culture_also_originates_from_it.Therefore,_learning_the_history_of_a_country_can_make_your_visiting_enjoyable_and_memorable.1.Group work：You, as a journalist of school English newspaper, are interviewing Li Hua, who has visited the UK.You may start like this：A：Hello，Im a journalist of our school English newspaper.What do you think of your visit to the UK?B：.A：What does the name“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”mean?B：.2.Tom, a British, plans to visit China in the coming summer vacation.What do you think he should know about China in advance?The_answer_is_open.阅读技巧点拨语境猜词的 5 个小技巧1.利用下文的解释猜词。阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。2.利用下文的例子猜词。猜词时，常可参考的关键词有：such as；like；for example；especially 等。3.利用同义词、近义词或反义词来猜词。作者为避免重复，常用一些同义词、近义词来写句子。有时也使用一些反义词加上否定词来表达肯定的观点。4.当文中出现 but, however 等表示转折关系，或表示对比关系的 while 时，可借此逻辑关系来猜词。5.利用文中的 because, so 或 why 等表示因果关系的词来猜词。语言现象感知.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义1.In the 19th century, the kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.v.添加2.Most people just use the shortened name.adj.缩写的3.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded.conj.无论哪里4.London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.n.时代5.There are countless historic sites to explore.adj.无数的6.The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.n.混合.词块积累写出下列词块的含义1.solve this puzzle 解决这个难题2.the full name 全称3.as well as 也，又，还4.the military defense 军事防御5.have some differences 有一些不同6.at different times 在不同时代7.across the UK 遍布全英国8.make changes to 对作出改动.句式欣赏1.动名词作主语Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.2.名词短语作同位语The first group，the Romans, came in the first century.3.which 引导的非限制性定语从句People from the UK are called “British”，which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.4.that 引导定语从句The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.5.way 后接定语从句They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way people built houses.AThe Union Jack is the national flag of the United Kingdom.It is so called because it combines the emblems (象征) of three countriesEngland, Scotland and Ireland (although since 1921 only Northern Ireland has been part of the United Kingdom).The term “Union Jack” possibly dates from Queen Annes time, but its origin is uncertain.It may come from the “Jacket” of the English or Scottish soldiers; or from the name of James who originated the first union in 1603, in either its Latin or French form “Jacobus” or “Jacques”； or, as “jack” once meant small, the name may come from a royal proclamation (声明) issued by Charles that the flag should be flown only by ships of the Royal Navy as a jack, a small flag at the bowsprit (船首).The Union Jack was originally a royal flag (when t