主语从句和同位语从句课件.ppt

1、 主语从句是在主句中起主语作用主语从句是在主句中起主语作用的从句。的从句。 连接主语的连接词连接主语的连接词 that, whether (从属连词）在从从属连词）在从句中不作任何成分。句中不作任何成分。 Whether we can go to picnic tomorrow is still a question. 明天我们能不能去野炊还是个问明天我们能不能去野炊还是个问题。题。由连接词引导的主语从句：由连接词引导的主语从句：That the wounded soldier is still alive is a wonder.That Mr. Zhou will come is cert

2、ain周先生要来，这是肯定的周先生要来，这是肯定的。 是否这个工作能被准时完成还是是否这个工作能被准时完成还是个疑问。个疑问。 Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. 在我们学校，有些学生老是迟到，在我们学校，有些学生老是迟到，这是无法接受的这是无法接受的。 That in our school some students are always late is unacceptable.连接代词引导的主语从句连接代词引导的主语从句Who, whom, whose what, whatever, which, whicheve

3、r连接代词在从句中充当连接代词在从句中充当主语，主语，宾语或定语宾语或定语，不能省略不能省略。谁会去都没有什么区别谁会去都没有什么区别。Who will go makes no difference. 不管是谁违反规则都要受到惩罚。不管是谁违反规则都要受到惩罚。Whoever breaks the rule should be punished.她爱的是谁已经够清楚了她爱的是谁已经够清楚了。Whom she loves is clear enough . 谁的钱包被偷了必须被搞清楚。谁的钱包被偷了必须被搞清楚。Whose wallet was stolen must be made clear

4、.连接副词连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 它们在句中充当它们在句中充当状语状语，不能省不能省略略。此类主语从句也可以用带有。此类主语从句也可以用带有形式主语形式主语it it的句子转换。的句子转换。 新运动场什么时候可以完工还是个问题。新运动场什么时候可以完工还是个问题。 When the new playground can be completed is still a question . It is still a question when the new playground can be complet

5、ed.注意注意：that引导的主语从句引导的主语从句可用形式主语可用形式主语it替代，将替代，将it前前置，做形式主语，置，做形式主语，that 从句从句放后，但放后，但that不可省略。不可省略。形式主语形式主语it代替主语从句：代替主语从句：1) It +系动词系动词+形容词形容词+that从句从句 necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrong, important, certain, clear, obvious, strange等等 大部分学生想回家，这是肯定的大部分学生想回家，这是肯定的。 It is certain that most of s

6、tudents want to go home. 很有可能明天会是个雨天很有可能明天会是个雨天。 It is likely that it will be a rainy day tomorrow. 注：注：its necessary /important / strange /natural+that 的从句的从句结构中，常用结构中，常用（shouldshould）+ +动词动词原形原形结构。结构。 Its necessary and important that one should master the skills of operating computers. 学生上课认真听讲是很重

7、要的。学生上课认真听讲是很重要的。It is important that the students should listen carefully in class. 2) It +系动词系动词+名词名词+that从句从句 a wonder, no wonder, a pity , a shame, good news, a fact , Its no wonder that you have achieved so much success. 真可惜你没出席昨天的讲座真可惜你没出席昨天的讲座。 Its a pity that you didnt attend the lecture yes

8、terday.3) It +be+动词的动词的ed+ that从句从句said, told, heard, reported, decided, suggested等，等，据说她有很多钱据说她有很多钱。It is said that she had a lot of money.4) It +特殊动词特殊动词+that从句从句seem, appear, happen, matterIt seems to me that you object to the plan.It happened to me that I had been away when you called. if /wheth

9、er 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句 表示表示 “是否是否”意义时意义时whether 引引导的导的主语从句主语从句可以放于句首、句末可以放于句首、句末，if引导的主语从句引导的主语从句不能位于句首不能位于句首；但但如如果有果有形式主语形式主语it引导时，两者都可用。引导时，两者都可用。 Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. Its doubtful whether / if the work can be completed on time. Wh 类类连接副词连接副词或或连接代词连接代词引导的引导的主语从句可放于主语从句

10、可放于句首句首，也可放，也可放句尾句尾。 When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear. It has not been made clear when the new road is open to traffic. 1_he does has nothing to do with me. 2Energy is _makes thing work. 3. They dont know _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he go

11、ne D. where has he gone 4. _ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 5. _ that they can pass the written exam this time. A. That is hoped B. It is hoped C. It hopes D. That hopes 6 6. It was doubtful _ Mary really . It was doubtful _ Mary really heard hi

12、m.heard him. A. that B. if C. whether D. whatA. that B. if C. whether D. what 7. It is strange that she _in love with that old man. A. fell B. should have fallen C. fall D. should be fallen同位语：同位语：This is Mr. Zhou, the headmaster of our school.We students should study hard. The future belongs to . A

13、 year is divided into . have a dictionary. Is there any room for ? I have no .我不知道你在这儿我不知道你在这儿. .宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句Sentence Example 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 2) The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discusse

14、d. 同位语从句同位语从句1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词同位语从句对名词进一步解释，进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容说明名词的具体内容.3.用法用法: 常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reasonfact/ idea/reason thought/order/ doubt/news/hope thought/order/ doubt/news/hope truth/belief truth/belief 连接词连接词that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句He told me th

15、e news that he would come home from aboard soon.他告诉我一个消息他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国他马上要从国外回国.There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.只用只用whether引导引导,不用不用if.这个问题是否正确还未被证实这个问题是否正确还未被证实. .The problem _ it is right hasnt been proved.连接词连接词whether引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句whether连接词代词连接词代词what/ which/ who引导的

16、同位语从句引导的同位语从句1.1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定谁会出国这个问题还未决定. .2.2.我不知道该选哪个我不知道该选哪个. .1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.2. I have no idea _ one I should choose.whichwho连接词副词连接词副词when/ where/ why/ how引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句 1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早我了解他们为什么离开得那么早. .2. 2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿我们还没决定好去哪儿. .1.Ive got a good i

17、dea _ they left early.2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.whywhere 1. Our teacher gave us some advice how we use ( should ) use the computer. 2.The suggestion came from the doctors that smoking ( should ) be avoided. suggestion, advice, request, order “ “ 建议，命令，要求建议，命令，要求”“should+ 动词动

18、词原形原形”1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）定语从句定语从句宾语宾语同位语从句同位语从句(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）1.The news that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. ( )2.The news that you he

19、ard is not true. ( )3.Have you any idea who he went with? ( )4.Is there any hope that they will be home in time? ( )5.The problem that you referred to doesnt exist at all. ( )同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句 6. We cannot solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 7. I cant

20、remember the question they gave at the meeting. 8. They were worried over the fact that you were sick.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句 9. I could not believe the fact that he told me yesterday. 10. The suggestion he gave yesterday was rejected. 11.Our chairman proposed his suggestion that new rules shou

21、ld be applied.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句What kind of noun clauses they are? 1. What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语

22、从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句 Ex: that, whether , when 1 We have some doubt _ they can complete the task on time. 2 There is no doubt _ Zhang Wei will keep his promise. 3Where did you get the idea_ Mary could not come?whetherthatthat4 Word came _ China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct. 15,2003.5 The or

23、der _we should return hasnt reached.thatwhen 6. You have no idea _ those days. A that we were how busy B how busy we were C that how we were busy D how busy were we 7.There is no doubt _ Miss Gao will permit them to go there. A that B whether C if D when 8. I have the information_. A of what he will

24、 come soon B that he will come soon C of that he will come soon D his coming soonB1.He said _ he would help me.2.I dont know _ he did just now .3.I want to know _ or not she will go .4. I am thinking about _ I should give him one more chance.(that)whatwhether whether1.He was not sure _ to go there .

25、2.I think it very important _ you learn a foreign language.3.He doubt _ he can pass the test.4.Do you doubt _ he can pass the test?whetherthatwhetherifthat1.Mary wrote an article on _theteam had failed to win the game.A. why B.whatC.who D.that2.Elephants have their own way to tellThe shape of an obj

26、ect and _it Is rough or smooth. A. B. whether C. How D. what 3.Mum is coming, What present _for your birthday? A. you expect she has gotB. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got4.I was surprised by her words, whichMade me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.

27、 A. What B. that C. how D. which5.Years ago we didnt know this, but resent science _that people Who dont sleep well soon get ill.A. showed B. has shownC. will show D. is showing6.You are saying that everyone Should be equal, and this is _I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how7._ you have done mi

28、ght do harm to other people. A That B What C Whether D How 8._ you dont like him is none of my business. A What B Who C That D Whether9._ we cant get seems better than _ we have . A What ; what B What ; that C That ; that D That ; what 10.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he wants.

29、 A whatever B that C which D who11.These wild flowers are so specialThat I would do _ I can to saveThem. A. whatever B. what C. which D. whichever12.The other day, my brother droveHis car down the street at _I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that1.-Are you still thinking abo

30、ut yesterdays game?-oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited.B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 2.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _it takes to do anything well. A.what B.that C.which D.why3.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C.as if D

31、. whether4. 4. 我的建议是你应该努力学习。我的建议是你应该努力学习。My advice is that you should study hard.5.我们是否去北京那得取决于我们是否我们是否去北京那得取决于我们是否有足够的钱。有足够的钱。Whether we will go to Beijing depends on whether we have enough money.我们不能得到的东西似乎比我们有我们不能得到的东西似乎比我们有的东西要好。的东西要好。What we cant get seems better than what we have. why & because & that1.他太懒了，那就是他没通过考试的原因。他太懒了，那就是他没通过考试的原因。He is too lazy; thats _he didnt pass the exam.2.他没通过考试，那是因为他太懒了。他没通过考试，那是因为他太懒了。He didnt pass the exam; thats _ he was too lazy.The reason why he didnt pass the exam was _ he was too lazy.