句子成分与词根词缀课件.ppt

1、词素morhpeme 词素：最小的语法和语义单位 radicals in Chinese characters江、湖、河、海米、迷、眯、糜 词根root: 单词的根本部分；前缀prefix 后缀suffix：单词的构件词=（前缀prefix）+词根root+（后缀suffix）12词素morhpeme 词素：最小的语法和语义单位 词根: 单词的根本部分；前缀 后缀：单词的构件词=（前缀prefix）+词根root+（后缀suffix）3词素morpheme词word单词wordvisiblevisittelevisionLogdialogue前缀dia(相对)+logapologize前缀ap

2、o(分开)+log+动词后缀izeprologue前缀pro(向前)Cludeinclude前缀in(入、内)+cludeexclude前缀ex(外)+cludeconclude前缀con强调4Vis词根rootvis+后缀ible(可的)前缀tele(远)+vis+名词后缀ionunhappysubwaysupermarketbelittleunfairsubworkersupermanbefriendunusualsubsidesupersonicbefool前缀多数不改变词性doesnt change the part of speechvisualizationhappinessmod

3、ernizefoolisheducationillnesshospitalizechildishcreationblacknessvisualizebookish后缀语法作用强 变词性change the part of speech5词素morpheme词word词word 名词名词 noun -ation -ment -al -ness -ity -ism -ist 动词动词 vt/vi -ify -ize -en 形容词形容词 adjective -y -ish -some -ous 副词副词 adverb -ly: loudly 介词介词 preposition: in on over

4、 under from for6781. Tony is an _ student; first in the class. (excellent)2. Ellen is very _ on teachers and students; unable to do things on her own. (dependent)3. Frankie is very _; a member of many different clubs. (active)4. Ann is very _; hates to lose at games. (competitive)5. Sally is a very

5、_ student; popular with students and teachers. (likeable)6. Take this message to the principal, and hurry. Its very _. (urgent)7. This experiment might be dangerous, so please wear _ glasses when you do it. (protective)8. This mild shampoo is _ for babies. (suitable)9. The books you need for your pr

6、oject are all _ from the library. (obtainable)10Whats a language?Whats a language made of?11词组phrase名词词组Noun Phrase 前置修饰语+名词（中心词）+后置修饰语 我的小伙伴们 my little buddies中心词中心词 the tall handsome rich boy sitting there动词词组Verb Phrase动词为中心 It is getting dark. I have no fishihed my homework by now.介词词组 Prepositi

7、on Phrase 介词为中心 They followed close behind me. I have not laid my hand on any books since this July.副词词组Adverb Phrase副词为中心Be a man. Dont act so lowly.He lives far from here.12Sentence Elements句子成分13主谓宾SVO我和我的小伙伴们都我和我的小伙伴们都惊呆了惊呆了S主 V谓14双宾语O+IO Objective宾语 and indirect objective间接宾语 Our experts can gi

8、ve you advice.S主语(NP) IO间接宾语 O宾语 Our experts can give adivice to you.Give sb sth/ bring sb sth15 The guests have arrived. The guests S主 have arrived V谓. My brother has become an engineer. My brother S主 has become V谓 an engineer O宾. Smoking cigarettes causes trouble. Smoking cigarettes S主 causes V谓 t

9、rouble O宾.16 性质：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。 位置：状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。 Be a man. Dont act so lowly.时间状语when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since地点状语where原因状语because, since, as, for目的状语so that, in order that, lest, in case方式状语as, as if / though结果状语so/suc

10、hthatso that条件状语if, unless, in case, as long as让步状语17条件 让步 原因 时间 位置 1. He lives 2. Summer vacation usually starts 3. The boy was praised表扬 I will play football with you.our parents treat对待 us as children.18条件 让步 原因 时间 位置 性质：在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 位置：名词词组 前置修饰语+名词（中心词）+后置修饰语19 我的小伙伴们 my little buddies中心词中

11、心词 用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语式，介词短语等。The little boy therea blue pen.SV OEnglish a language easy to learn but difficult to master.English a language easy to learn but difficult to master.20 用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作 City air is dirty and polluted.S (NP)V This will make your h

12、air soft and shiny.SO(NP)21I（n）love （v）you（n）主NP谓VP 宾NP22My father is a doctor, my mother is a nurse.My father is a doctor, and my mother is a nurse.Traffic becomes a social problem in big cities.He is successful because he is very lucky.Students from 29 local schools and universities will also give

13、 a concert on August 21. Have a try理想与现实的距离就是我与你之间的距离The distance between dream and reality is that between you and me.理想与现实的距离 我与你之间的距离Subject V Objective（NP: 定语+n）（NP: 定语+n）The distance between dream and reality is that between you and me.23Have a try骑白马的（人）不一定是王子，他可能是唐僧。The man riding a horse mig

14、ht not be a prince; he can be XuanZang.骑白马的（人）是是王子，他唐僧。S V O(n) S(n) V O(n)（NP : 定语+n）The man riding a horse might not be a prince he can be XuanZang.24Have a try当你想不通的时候，想一下自己是在中国会让一切豁然开朗了When you get confused, the fact that you live in china will make everything clear.，想一下自己是在中国 一切 S主语从句 O宾语 the f

15、act that you live in China everything 25 朋友爱疯 主谓宾S V O(NP) 我朋友他昨天刚从南京路专卖店买的爱疯S(NP) V O(NP)主谓定宾我朋友他昨天刚从南京路专卖店买的爱疯 SAV O(NP) 定主状谓定宾26Put the following phrases in the right order 朋友 从口袋里 掏出了 他昨天从南京路专卖店买的爱疯out of his pocket An iPhonehe bought at Apple Store A friend of mine at Nanjing RD yesterdaypullA

16、friend of mine pull an iPhone 【he bought at apple store at NJ RD】 out of his pocket.27从句28He complained抱怨 that what he said was not true.He that what he said was not true.S主 O宾 （clause宾语从句） what he said was not S 主V谓I（n）love （v）you（n）主NP谓VP长句从句The study研究, conducted by Fashion Health magazine, polle

17、d (民调vt) 69,000 people nationwide, of whom more than 90 percent said they felt lonely living in big cities.(25 words)29长句从句The study, conducted by Fashion Health magazine, polled (民调vt) 69,000 people nationwide, of whom more than 90 percent said they felt lonely living in big cities.定语从句 30S 主语 定语（修饰study） V谓语O宾语(被访者)N VN