人教高中英语必修二第三单元全部课件.ppt

1、1. To know the history and development of computers2. To know the applications of computers3. To summarize the main idea and retell the passageHeavy!Difficult! Hard!Tired!Easy!Fast!Free!monitorkeyboardmousespeakermodemscannerprinterUSB flash diskhard disk124356monitorscreenCD-ROMmousekeyboardhard di

2、skI am very old now. I was born in China. Many people used me for calculating in the past, but now I am a bit lonely because they dont like me. Do you know who I am?abacusI am very small. I can be used for calculating. In China, a lot of students use me when solving mathematical problems. Do you kno

3、w who I am?calculatorI am very big. Scientists use me to solve some mathematical problems.huge computerDo you know who I am?PC Personal ComputerIm a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user. Im based on the microprocessor technology. At home, people use me to surf the I

4、nternet and play games. Do you know who I am?I can be used for calculating. Besides, I can also be used for watching DVD, sending e-mail and communicating through the Internet. However, I am not a PC, because Im small enough for you to carry anywhere. Do you know who I am?laptopPDA Personal Digital

5、AssistantI am so small in size that I can fit in your hand. My screen is slightly bigger than a digital phone, but smaller than the smallest laptop. Im a great way to store telephone numbers, access the Internet, make calculations, and so on. Do you know who I am?robotIm a machine that works automat

6、ically. I can do a wide variety of tasks, especially suitable for doing jobs too boring, difficult,or dangerous for human beings. Do you know who I am?1. In pairs discuss what they have in common. 2. What do they tell you about the development of computers?3. What do you think will be the next devel

7、opment?Whats next?Computers have brought great changes to our life. Can we live without computers?1. Look at the title of the reading passage. Predict what it is going to be about.2. Do you know in what ways computers are used today? Work out a list and compare it with your partners.Read the text qu

8、ickly.1. Who am I? A. An operator. B. Alan Turing. C. A computer. D. Human race.C2. Whats the passage about? The text mainly tells us a short history of the development of the _ and its _ in different fields. computerapplications Read the passage and finish the timeline. 16421822The analytical machi

9、ne was made by Charles Babbage.The computer began as a calculating machine.The computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.19361940sThe first family of computers was connected to each other. 1970s nowComputers had grown as large as a room.1960sComputers were used in offices and homes.Comput

10、ers connect people all over the world together.Read the passage again and complete the chart below. DevelopmentEarly daysNameFunction PoorStrongA _ machineSimplify difficult sumsAn _ machineThink logically and produce an answer quicklyA _ machineSolve difficult _calculatinganalytical universal mathe

11、matical problemsDevelopmentNetwork times_ stored inTubesLargeSmall_Small chips_Narrow WideFinance_RobotsMobile phones_Space rocketsMedical operations MemoryTransistorsApplicationsCommunicationTradeTopic sentenceSupporting detailsParagraph 1Over time I have been changed quite a lot.Calculating machin

12、eAnalytical machineUniversal machinePClaptopTopic sentenceSupporting detailsParagraph 2These changes only became possible as my memory improved.tubestransistorschipsnetworkWorld Wide WebTopic sentenceSupporting detailsParagraph 3Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for munications f

13、inancetrade robotsmobile phonesmedical operationsspace rocketsproviding a life of high qualitythe second generation (1956-1963)the third generation (1964-1971)the fourth generation (1971- )The first generation (1945-1956)The history of computersSummary of the passage.I began as a _ machine in 1642.

14、It took nearly two hundred years _ I was built as an analytical machine. I became a “universal machine” in 1936 to _ any mathematical problem. I was very big at one time. However, as time _ by, I was made smaller and smaller. calculatingbeforesolvewentI was given a family _ by a network in the early

15、 1960s. I was able to _ my knowledge with others _ the World Wide Web. I have been widely used in many fields, such as in communication, _ trade and medical _. I have also been put into robots and space rockets to _ the Moon and Mars. Im glad I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.connec

16、tedsharethroughfinanceoperationsexplore1. What is PC? Speak the name on the whole.It means: personal computer.2. What is IT?Information Technology.3. What is W.W.W?World Wide Web.4. 科学技术科学技术Science and technology.5. 人工智能人工智能Artificial intelligence.6. 笔记本电脑笔记本电脑laptop How have computers changed our l

17、ives?1. Brainstorm a list of things that you, your school and your family use computers for.2. Think about what you would have to do if you could not use computers any more.List of uses of computersWhat people did before computersemailswrite lettersword processingwrite by hand or typewritersearch fo

18、r informationlook in encyclopedia, library, etc.watch filmsgo to the cinemastore informationwrite everything down and put into files and folders Retell the text according to the following clues and then write down your retelling.Changes of the machineCalculating machineAnalytical machineUniversal ma

19、chineMachine with artificial intelligenceMachine with new transistorA family connected by a networkA family used by the InternetTo learn to use some words and expressions in the passage1. I began as a calculating machine in France in l642 calculate v. to find the answer using numbers 计算，估计，算出计算，估计，算

20、出 e.g. Let me calculate the cost of the journey. 让我计算一下旅途的费用。让我计算一下旅途的费用。 The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon. 科学家推算出了宇宙飞船抵达月球的时科学家推算出了宇宙飞船抵达月球的时间。间。 【拓展【拓展】calculable adj. 可计算的；可估计的可计算的；可估计的calculated adj. 精心计划的精心计划的calculation n. 计算；估计计算；估计calculator n. 计算器计算器The los

21、s has not yet been _ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars. calculated 2. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums. simplify vt. to make things easier 使简化使简化 e.g. Simplify the instructions so that children can understand them. The application forms ha

22、ve now been simplified. 【拓展【拓展】后缀后缀-fy加在一些形容词或名词后面意加在一些形容词或名词后面意思为思为“to make (使成为；使使成为；使.化）化）”。 -fy与与以辅音结尾的词基之间，往往需要添加字母以辅音结尾的词基之间，往往需要添加字母i或或e,由由e结尾的词则往往变结尾的词则往往变e为为i，所以也可以把，所以也可以把-ify或或-efy看成看成-fy的异体。的异体。 e.g. classify class n. 等级，种类；等级，种类；-ify “使化成使化成 等级或种类等级或种类” vt. 把把.分等级；把分等级；把.分类分类 Employees

23、in the post office classify mail according to the place where it is to go. 邮局的职员根据邮件的目的地进行分拣工邮局的职员根据邮件的目的地进行分拣工 作。作。beautify vt.美化；装饰美化；装饰 Flowers beautify a room. 花能美化房间。花能美化房间。 3. I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem. solve vt. to work out th

24、e answer to a problem 解答，解决解答，解决 e.g. The expert cannot solve this difficult problem. Talk to me about whatever is troubling you. Ill help you solve it. The clever child solved the riddle quickly.solve后跟后跟_或或_作宾语。作宾语。【拓展【拓展】 solution n. 解答，解决办法解答，解决办法e.g. Theres no simple solution to this problem. 名

25、词名词 代词代词 【运用】翻译下列句子。【运用】翻译下列句子。1) Just calm down shouting wont solve anything! 2) 我们找不出解决这个问题的办法。我们找不出解决这个问题的办法。冷静些冷静些喊叫解决不了任何问题！喊叫解决不了任何问题！We cant find a solution to this problem.4. As a result I totally changed my shape. as a result为副词短语，后接句子。为副词短语，后接句子。e.g. He runs every day. As a result, he has

26、lost weight.As a result of为介词短语，相当于为介词短语，相当于because of, 后接名词或名词短语。后接名词或名词短语。e.g. Mary was late as a result of the snow.as a result of . 意为意为“由于由于的结果的结果”，后跟名词或代词。后跟名词或代词。e.g. Mary was late as a result of the snow.【拓展【拓展】 【运用】选用以上合适的短语完成下列句【运用】选用以上合适的短语完成下列句子。子。1) Jackson couldnt work any longer _ the

27、 car accident. 2) We helped each other in studies, and _ we became good friends.as a result as a result oftotally adv. completely 整个地整个地; 完全地完全地total adj. 完全的完全的; 整个的整个的e.g. totally blind 全盲全盲 total silence 寂静无声寂静无声 in total 总共总共5. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon

28、 and Mars. explore v. to travel around an area to find out about it 探索；探测；探究探索；探测；探究 e.g. They explored the land to the south of the Murray river. 给出给出explore的中文意思。的中文意思。1) As soon as we arrived on the island, we were eager to explore.2) Kates father works in a company exploring for oil.3) We must e

29、xplore all possible ways to increase food production.4) Lets explore this idea more fully.考察，勘探考察，勘探 勘探勘探 探索探索探讨探讨 【拓展【拓展】 explorer n. 勘探者，考察者，探险者；勘探者，考察者，探险者；exploration n. 勘探，探索，研究勘探，探索，研究【运用】翻译下列句子。【运用】翻译下列句子。1) It is worth exploring other ways of dealing with this problem.2) 你真的考察了离你们那儿最近的城你真的考察

30、了离你们那儿最近的城 镇？镇？其他处理这个问题的方法值得探讨一其他处理这个问题的方法值得探讨一下。下。Have you really explored your nearest town?6. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. anyhow adv. anyway 无论如何；不管怎样；即使如此无论如何；不管怎样；即使如此 e.g. That wasnt my fault anyhow. 反正那不是我的过错。反正那不是我的过错。 I dont know if it was lost or stole

31、n, anyhow, its gone. 我不知道它是丢了还是被偷了，不管我不知道它是丢了还是被偷了，不管 怎么说，它不见了。怎么说，它不见了。I dont think they need help, but I think I should offer anyhow.我认为他们无需帮助，不过我想我应有所表我认为他们无需帮助，不过我想我应有所表示。示。1) 房子锁着房子锁着, 我无论如何也进不去。我无论如何也进不去。2) 不管怎样不管怎样, 我们设法得到了我们想要的。我们设法得到了我们想要的。The house is locked and I cannot get in anyhow. We

32、managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.goal n. 球门；进球得分；目的，目标球门；进球得分；目的，目标【运用】根据句意，写出【运用】根据句意，写出goal的汉语意思。的汉语意思。 1) I wish I could achieve my goal of writing 2,000 poems.2) He kicked the ball towards the other teams goal.3) Their team beat us by three goals to one. 目的，目标目的，目标 球门球门 进球得分进球得分 1. have . i

33、n common 2. compare it with your partner3. put them in an order 4. according to the time5. a calculating machine 6. an analytical machine7. a technological revolution 8. artificial intelligence9. be made to work 10. from then on 11. grow rapidly in size 12. as large as a room 13. as time goes by 14.

34、 as a result 15. over time 16. share my knowledge with others17. as well as 18. help with medical operations19. explore the Moon 20. a life of high quality21. be filled with happiness 22. the human race1. _ complete change in ways of thinking, working, etc.2. _ connected computer system3. _ to make

35、things easier4. _ to find the answer using numbersrevolutionnetworksimplifycalculateFind the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.5. _ can be moved easily from place to place6. _ to work out the answer to a problem7. _ to travel around an area to find out about it8. _

36、completely9. _ anyway10. _ activity of managing money mobile solveexploretotallyanyhowfinance1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. (翻翻译译) 我发展缓慢，差不多两百年之后，查尔我发展缓慢，差不多两百年之后，查尔斯斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。 【分析【分

37、析】该句是一个该句是一个由由and连接的并列复合句连接的并列复合句。and前的分句是一个简单句。前的分句是一个简单句。and后的分句后的分句的结构是：的结构是：it took . before .。before引引导导_从句。从句。时间状语时间状语 【仿写【仿写】过了两年我们才又见了一次面。过了两年我们才又见了一次面。_It took two years before we saw each other again. 2. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger

38、. (翻译翻译) 到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像一间到二十世纪四十年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。 【分析【分析】这是一个由这是一个由and连接的并列复合句连接的并列复合句。 and前的分句是一个简单句。前的分句是一个简单句。and后的分句后的分句中，中，wondered后跟后跟if引导的引导的_从句。从句。宾语宾语 I wonder if .是一个常用句型，意为是一个常用句型，意为“我想我想/不知道是否不知道是否”。如：。如：As time went on, Mary began to wonder if / whether

39、 John had forgotten their date. 【仿写【仿写】到去年年底，已经有十座高达百到去年年底，已经有十座高达百米的大楼在这个小镇建成，我不知道这里米的大楼在这个小镇建成，我不知道这里是否还会建造更多高楼。是否还会建造更多高楼。 _By the end of last year ten tall buildings as high as 100 metres had been built in this small town, and I wondered if more tall buildings would be built here. 3. Over time m

40、y memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! (翻译翻译) 随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，我从来不会忘记之快，就像一头大象一样，我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！告诉我的任何事情！ 【分析【分析】此句中包含一个由此句中包含一个由 _引导引导的结果状语从句，在该从句中又包含一个省的结果状语从句，在该从句中又包含一个省略了关系代词略了关系代词_的定语从句：的定语从句：I have be

41、en told, 修饰先行词修饰先行词_。anything so . thatthat【仿写【仿写】 他在这么短的时间里做了这么多，几乎每个他在这么短的时间里做了这么多，几乎每个人都认为这是个奇迹。人都认为这是个奇迹。He has done so much in _ almost everyone thinks that it is a miracle.so short a time that4. And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it!句型句型: so that 如此如此 以致于以致于与与too to 句型可相

42、互转换句型可相互转换And my memory became too large for me to believe it.e.g. He is so old that he cant carry the box. He is too old to carry the box.此结构中的此结构中的that从句表示结果。从句表示结果。e.g. The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it.so . that .结构的结构的so+形容词形容词/副词位于句副词位于句首时首时, 句子用倒装结构。句子用倒装结构。e.g. So hard does he wo

43、rk that he seldom goes home. so that既可以表结果既可以表结果, 也可以也可以表目的表目的。 5. But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. 【翻译【翻译】但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到二十世纪六十年代初，人们才给了直到二十世纪六十年代初，人们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。我一个用网络联成的家庭。 【分析【分析】本句是一个本

44、句是一个复合句复合句。主句为。主句为I was always so lonely standing there by myself，其中其中standing there by myself 是动词是动词-ing形式短语作状语；形式短语作状语；从句是由从句是由_引导的时间状语从句，其中引导的时间状语从句，其中connected by a network是过去分词短语作是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰后置定语，修饰_。familyuntil【仿写【仿写】我总是步行上学，直到上个月，我总是步行上学，直到上个月，爸爸才给我买了一辆电动自行车。爸爸才给我买了一辆电动自行车。_I always went t

45、o school on foot, until last month my father bought me a bicycle powered by electricity. 6. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!that引导同位语从句，具体说明引导同位语从句，具体说明 happiness的内容。的内容。that是连词，在从句中不充当任是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分。何成分。英语中用英语中用that引导同位语从句的引导同位语从句的情况比较常

46、见，但有时也可以用连接副情况比较常见，但有时也可以用连接副(代代)词词how, when, where, whether等来引导同位等来引导同位语从句。语从句。注意：注意：if, which不能引导同位语从句。不能引导同位语从句。e.g. I had the impression that she chose her words with care. 在我的印象中，她选词很小心。在我的印象中，她选词很小心。 I heard the news that our team had won. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 l have no idea when he will

47、 be back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。我不知道他什么时候回来。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。artificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyComplete the passage with the words below.When my brother was is high school, he was very inter

48、ested in computers and enjoyed writing programs of his own. He used to download information from the Internet and made good use of it. He liked to _ the World Wide _ and used the Internet to communicate with computer programmers all over the world. When he went to university he studied IT (informati

49、on _) and developed a special interest in _ intelligence. exploreWeb technologyartificialartificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyAfter developing special _ of the computer, he hopes to design an _ robot which can think _ and look like a human being, but in _ he ha

50、s a long way to go.applicationsintelligentrealitylogicallyartificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyRead the story below and then use the outline to create one of your own.My story When I was young I was crazy about radios.At the time my interest began, I was playin