Unit 4 Natural disasters 单元测试题-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册高一上学期.rar

12020-2021 学年度高中英语单元测试学年度高中英语单元测试考试范围：必修一 Unit 4；考试时间：100 分钟；命题人：黑风寨主第 1 部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动） ，contact residence hall staff immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.21What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?ATo provide part-time jobs for students. BTo lead the students to the nearest exits.CTo check and maintain fire prevention equipment. DTo train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.22What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?APipes and smoke detectors. BSmoke detectors and sprinklers.CFire alarm pull stations and pipes. DSprinklers and fire alarm pull stations23In a fire drill, the students should _.Arush quickly to a lift Bgather at the nearest exit.Cshut the door and leave at once Dwait for instructions in the hall24What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?AUsing them wrongly results in punishment. BIrresponsible use of them can damage them.CImproper use of them can destroy the apartment. DUsing them without a trainer present is forbidden.225To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_.Acontact the hall staff regularly Bcover the things that burn easilyCstart the smoke detector in a fire Dmake certain the red light is workingBNatural disasters take many different forms and can happen without warning. Earthquakes, floods, volcanoes, droughts, typhoons, and hurricanes are all natural disasters.The earthquake of 26 December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a massive underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. This caused a huge tsunami (海啸)to cross the Indian Ocean. It destroyed coastlines and communities and brought death and destruction to many people. The survivors needed fresh water, food and shelter as well as medical help. People from all over the world gave money.The surface of the Earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving continuously (although very slowly) and has done so for billions of years. This is one cause of earthquakes,when one section of the Earth crashes with another. Scientists can predict where this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line. However, earthquakes do not always happen on Fault lines, which is why they are so dangerous and unpredictable.All the disasters are very dangerous and continue to kill thousands of people each year, but they are nowhere near the most dangerous disaster to ever happen on earth. One type of event in the earths history has regularly killed millions of beings: asteroid (小行星)impacts (撞击). About once every million years the Earth is hit by a piece of rock and ice from space large enough to cause massive destruction (including earthquakes, volcanoes and ice ages) and sometimes to kill entire species. Sixty-five million years ago more than half the earths species were killed by such a disaster, including all the dinosaurs(恐龙). Disasters on the Earth may seem dangerous, but the biggest threat to humans is likely to come from space.26What did the world do when the tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean?AThey gave away money to the beggars. BThey sponsored to help the people survive.CThey donated their possessions to the survivors. DThey helped rebuild the coastlines and communities.27What can scientists predict about earthquakes?AThe possible time. BThe possible climate. CThe possible place. DThe possible frequency.28Where does the author think the most dangerous natural disaster will come from?ASpace.BEarth.CHumans.DWild animals.CThe World Wildlife Fund for Nature - WWF - reports that nearly 3 billion animals were killed or displaced by Australias wildfires in 2019 and 2020. The number, reported in late July, was about three times higher than an earlier WWF estimate. “It ranks as one of the worst wildlife disasters in modern history,” said WWF - Australia Chief Executive officer Dermot O Gorman. The WWF said it used different methods to estimate wildlife populations, including information from over 100, 000 studies. The scientists created models to estimate the number of creatures found in areas destroyed by fire. Project leader Lily Van Eeden from the University of Sydney said the research was the first continent - wide examination of animals affected by wildfires. “Other nations can build upon this research to improve understanding of bushfire impacts everywhere,” she said. Those creatures that fled destroyed habitats faced a lack of food and shelter or the likelihood of moving into already occupied habitats. Researchers said the destruction will cause some species to become extinct before their existence is even recorded. “We dont even know what we are losing,” said Chris Dickman, a professor of ecology at the University of Sydney. “These were species that were here and now they have gone. . . Its almost too tragic to think about,” Dickman added. The WWF report calls for improvements in habitat connectivity to help species escape from fires. It also calls for identifying and protecting habitat that was not burned to help save threatened species. An expanded report on the study is expected later this year. The wildfires started in September 2019 and continued through March of this year. Scientists say the fires were fueled by higher than normal temperatures and years of drought in the Australian bush. The fires caused 34 human deaths and destroyed nearly 3, 000 homes. The WWF said that over the past year, it had raised money from donors to allocate emergency aid to the front lines of the fires to help injured and displaced wildlife.29What do we know about Australias wildfires in 2019 and 2020?AThey were the worst disasters in history. BOver 3 billion animals died in the wildfires.CThey caused more damage than calculated earlier. DMost animals moved to already occupied habitats.330What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe wildfires last a whole year. BThe wildfires were caused by the heat.CThe wildfires also cause damages to humans. DThe wildfires were soon under control with donations.第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.If youre inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. _31_ Drop to the ground. Get under an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a comer formed by two walls with your arms over your hand. If youre in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow._32_ Dont take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. _33_If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Dont shout. _34_Tap on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.Be prepared for aftershocks. _35_However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.A. Dont move about or kick up dust.B. If youre outside, go to an open space.C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust.D. Dont park your car under a tree or any tall object.E. Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building.F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.第 2 部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。After work one day, I grabbed a pizza for dinner at the mall. As I was heading home, I saw a girl sitting in a corner of the mall. Her hair covered her face and her body was 36 . I determined to walk past her because thats what we often do. But something made me turn 37 . I learned her age, and why she begged for money and lived on the streets. Her parents 38 years ago and she suffered from a serious skin disease. She was 39 to work because of her disability and had to live in the safest place she could 40 . She had stayed in shelters in the past, but was treated 41 . She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep 42 on cold days, but she said even the mall wasnt safe because security(保安) always threw her out.Im one of those people who used to believe there was a system of support to help her. Ideally, I would like to believe in that. I used to think maybe one day I would 43 “them”. Maybe one day I would win the lottery(彩票). But when I 44 that girl, I thought to my self, what if no one ever helped her? What if this so called perfect system that I believed in didnt even know or 45 her existence(存在)? What if I didnt 46 any money? What if she was not going to be around long enough to 47 that “one day”?I didnt really think about what happened next. I 48 my dinner with her and gave her all the money I had. When security came, I talked them into assisting her 49 driving her away like they usually did.Dont 50 one day to come before you help someone. Now is that one daynot tomorrow, not next week. If you can do something to ease someone elses suffering, dont wait for that distant one day. Be the one day. Be it now.36AhotBheavyCweakDwet37AoverBbackCawayDup38AreturnedBremovedCquarreledDdied39AeagerBreadyCunableDcurious40AbuildBdiscoverCexpectDremember441AterriblyBnormallyCcarefullyDpatiently42AcalmBwealthyCwarmDsecret43ArespectBwatchChelpDencourage44AacceptedBintroducedCpersuadedDnoticed45Acare aboutBtalk aboutCwrite aboutDargue about46AloseBlendCwinDwaste47AadmitBimagineCchooseDsee48AcookedBsharedCorderedDprepared49Aalong withBas forCexcept forDinstead of50Aworry aboutBlaugh atCwait forDbegin with第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Strange things were happening in the countryside of Hebei province, _51_ suggested that something terrible was on its way. For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers didnt know the reason _52_ their dogs refused to go inside buildings. Unfortunately, the citys one million people _53_ were asleep as usual suffered a lot from the following unexpected disaster.At 3:42 am, a terrible earthquake _54_ nearly one third of the whole nation felt hit Tangshan. Two thirds of the people _55_ lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children _56_ parents died in the earthquake were left homeless. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to the area _57_ the disaster happened to dig out those _58_ were trapped and to bury the dead.The whole nation will never forget the day, 28 July 1976, _59_ Tangshan lay in ruins. Soon after that, _60_ is known to all, Tangshan started to revive itself and get back on its feet. The revival of Tangshan proved to the world that in times of disaster, people must unify to rebuild for a brighter future.第三节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 根据括号内的汉语提示或首字母将下列句子补充完整。注意所填单词的正确形式。61. I was s_ to hear the news that a big fire broke out in the factory.62. Two children fell into the river and many people tried to r_ them.63. These dead ducks should be _(埋葬) immediately since they arent fit to be eaten.64. The big fire lasted for four hours and all the buildings along the street got _(损毁).65. Two people got _(困住) in the lift this morning when the electricity was cut off.66. The president is scheduled to d_ a televised speech to the whole nation tonight.67. According to rules of our school, teachers are supposed to make a _(总结) of their teaching every day.68. The government has declared a state of _(紧急情况) in order to get money and help from the US.69. Rescue workers arrived here at once and spared no e_ to dig out those who were trapped under the ruins.70. After the disaster happened in this area, soldiers and volunteers were sent to find out whether there were any people who _(存活).第 3 部分 书面表达（共两节，满分 40 分）第 1 节 应用文写作（共 1 小题，满分 15 分）假定你是李华，最近获悉你的美国网友 Peter 家乡受到地震侵袭，损失惨重。请你用英语给 Peter 写一封慰问信。信的内容包括：1. 得知情况及感受； 2. 表达安慰和鼓励； 3. 打算提供的帮助。注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；Dear Peter,_5_ Yours, Li Hua第 2 节 读后续写（共 1 小题，满分 25 分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow（乌鸦）perched（栖息）on their window.The father asked his son, “What is this?” The son replied, “It is a crow.”After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, “What is this?” The son said, “Father, I have just now told you, its a crow!”After a little while, the old father again asked his son for the third time, “What is this?”At this time some expression of irritation（恼怒）was felt in the sons tone when he said to his father with a rebuff（生硬回绝）. “Its a crow, a crow.” A little while later, the father again asked his son the fourth time, “What is t