（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册专题1 初步建构稳进理解-新高考题型初步感知 学案-初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略.rar

专题专题 1 1 初步建构，稳进理解初步建构，稳进理解 从句子分析角度链接语言句法从句子分析角度链接语言句法& &新高考题型初步感知新高考题型初步感知【牛刀小试牛刀小试】15 CBDBB 610 ACBAB1、简单句；2、复合句；3、简单句；4、简单句；5、并列句；6、复合句；7、并列句；8、复合句；9、简单句；10、简单句【阅读理解阅读理解】BACB CDD 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章解释了人们喜欢旅行的两个原因。11选 B分析下文，本段介绍人们旅行的目的。第二段第一句话为承上启下的一句， “这并不是说，没有人为了好玩而旅游”提示我们，本空应该选 B。12选 E此处上句提到 Rome，本句继续提与罗马、希腊有关的事情，E 项符合要求。13选 F此处用不同的年份里不同的数字，说明了旅游业的发展，F 项符合要求。14选 A分析上下文，此处为主题句，本句后提到了“the most common reason”，A 项符合要求。15选 G分析上下文，本段与上一段同为解释人们旅行的原因，所以此处选 G。【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”，帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。 ”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。16.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice 选择；B. discovery 发现；C. visit 参观；D. promise 许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes 说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选 B。17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced 经历；B. suffered 遭受；C. prevented 阻止；D. felt 感觉。根据下文 Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选 C。18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案？长椅上聊天。A. solution 解决方案；B. puzzle 谜；C. excuse 借口；D. intention 目的。根据下文的回答 Chat benches 可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选 A。19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure 快乐；B. prize 奖品；C. credit 信用； D. money 钱。根据下文 and then she lent him about 31，000 可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选 D。20.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约 31 万英镑。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently 频繁地；C. previously 先前；D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约 31 万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选 A。21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed 羞愧的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. amused 愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选 B。22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. mind 介意；B. forgive 原谅；C. risk 冒险；D. enjoy 享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise， 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end， ” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选 A。23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active 积极的；B. lonely 孤独的；C. cautious 小心的； D. stubborn 顽固的。上文老妇人说:“否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他决定做点什么。A. learned 学习；B. refused 拒绝；C. pretended 假装；D. decided 决定。下文 Hethe police department to allow him toa couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，由此可知，琼斯决定做点什么。故选 D。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A. forced 强迫；B. ordered 命令；C. convinced 说服；D. taught 教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。故选 C。26.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”。A. put away放好；B. make out 辨认出；C. tear apart 把弄乱；D. set up 设立。根据 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选 D。27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后，他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子，上面写着:“聊天愉快。 ” A. read 写着；B. claimed 宣称；C. meant 意味；D. implied 暗示。根据”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上写着”应用动词 read，故选 A。28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。A. formal 正式的；B. joyful 愉快的； C. awkward 尴尬的；D. crazy 疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”，可知人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选 B。29.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. randomly 随便地；B. slowly 缓慢地；C. quickly很快地；D. purposefully 有目的地。根据 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选 C。30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A. positive 积极的；B. disappointing 令人失望的；C. correct 正确的；D. embarrassing 使人尴尬的。根据 Jones idea has been fully-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches helpthe invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了， ”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。故选 A。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A. realized 实现；B. examined 检查；C. discussed 讨论；D. formed 形成。下文说”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选 A。32.考查动词短语辨析。句意:“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A. break down 打破； B. put up 提供；C. keep off 不接近；D. take out 取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。由此可知， “聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选 A。33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. glance 一瞥； B. attempt 尝试；C. knock 敲打；D. attack 攻击。琼斯设置的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选 B。34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. risk-taking 冒险的；C face-saving 顾全面子的；D. crime-cutting 减少犯罪的。根据上文 loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes 以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。故选 D。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。A. forbids 禁止；B. appoints 任命；C. encourages 鼓励；D. troubles 麻烦。根据 The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果，可知“聊天长椅”，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。故选 C。袁隆平：1. countless 2. passed 3. cultivating 4. which 5. on 6. researching 7. has reached 8. accumulated 9.an 10. growth初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略专题专题 1 1 初步建构，稳进理解初步建构，稳进理解 从句子分析角度链接语言句法从句子分析角度链接语言句法& &新高考题型初步感知新高考题型初步感知本专题编写：浙工大附中 郭烨辉【导学导学】 AAAAAA语AAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语AAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语AA语AA语AA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA英语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA中AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语AAAAAA【基础知识基础知识】AAAAAAAA初初AA1. A语AAAAAAAAAA2. A语AA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA3. A语AAAAAA语AAAA语AAAAAAAAAA4. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA5. A语AAAAAAAAAAAA6. A语AAAAAAAAAAAA7. A语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA方AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA8. A语AAAA语AA语AA语AA语AAAA语AA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9. AA语AAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语1. AAAAAAAAAA S V (AA+AA)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。例例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析分析：“they”（主语）“arrived”（谓语）模仿提升：模仿提升：A frightened Mrs.Black hesitated AAAA S V P (AA+AA+AA)初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有 be，keep，lie，remain， stand，become，fall，get，go，grow，turn，look，feel，seem，smell，sound，taste 等。例例：I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。分析分析：“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语表明主语的身份)。AAAAAAAAAAOut of curiosity, She stood rooted.三：三： S V O (主主+谓谓+宾宾)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。例例：I study English.分析分析：“I”（主语）“study”（谓语动作）“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。模仿提升：模仿提升：American Indian _make up_ about five percent of the U.S. population.AAAA S V o O (AA+AA+AAAA+AAAA)这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。例例：Our teacher taught us English.分析分析：“our teacher”(主语) “taught”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。AAAAAAAAAAWith great respect,she offered me a bunch of flowersAAAA S V O C (AA+AA+AA+AAAA)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。例例： He asked her to go there.分析分析：“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语补充说明宾语做什么)。AAAAAAAA: The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they look forward _ to them quickly and cheaply.A. to deliver B. deliver C. to delivering D. to delivered 初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略AAAAAAAAAAAAThere be AAAAThere be AAAAAAA方AAAAAAAAAAA“A”Abe AAAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAAThere was a picture in the magazine. There are many common methods used to cook fish.There be AA中AAAAAAA1. There be AAAA“AA”AAAAAAAA2. There be AA中A be AAAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAA“AAAA”3. A语AA be AAAAAAAAAAAAAA liveAstandAexistAremain AAAAThere lives a family of five in the village.4. There be AAAAAAAAAAA方AAAAAAAAAA not AA be AAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAA noThere isnt a policeman on the street. There are no pictures on the wall.2. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA接AAAA AAAAAAA+AAAA+AA AAAAACotton is falling in prices, and buyers hold off. Henry prefers strawberry pie, but his wife always bakes apple pies.3. AAAAAAAAAAAAA+AAAA-AAA AAAA-AA+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHe was an old man who wore thick glasses.4.AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+AAAA-AA+AAAA+AA+AAAA+AA. AA+AAAA-AA+AAAA+AA.AAAAA中AAAAAAA接AAAA接AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA【句子结构句子结构牛刀小试牛刀小试】一一单选练单选练双基双基初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略( )1. _ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the man B. The man here now C. The man who is here now D. The man is here now( ) 2. The weather _.A. wet and cold B. is wet and coldC. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted _.A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet( ) 4. He got up _ yesterday morning.A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter( )5. The actor _at the age of 70.A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded( )6. _ were all very tired, but none of _ would stop to take a rest.A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we( )7. He found the street much _.A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) 8.I think _necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. that D. that is( ) 9. The dog _ mad.A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked( )10.I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.A. that B. when C. in which D. where2AAAAAAAAAAAA判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a chair in this room, isnt there?4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it?9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 【语法拓展语法拓展】AAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA英语AAAAAAAAA语AA语AAAAAAAAAA中AAAAAAAAA语A“AA”AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA The book on the desk. A中AAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语AAAAA“AAAAAAA”AAAAAAAA The book is on the desk. AA中AAAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA The book on the desk. The book written in simple English . The girl singing in the next room. The house being built. The meeting to be held tomorrow. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA n AA语AAAA语AA,AAAAAAAAAA(n-1)AAAAAA.AA考AAAAA though AA butAA but AA thoughAThough he is a child, he can speak two foreign languages.He is a child, but he can speak two foreign languages.AAAAA中AAAAAAAAA语AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAThe boy who is standing there is my son .初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略The person who was invited to the party got drunk .The student who is being scolded by the teacher broke the rule .The man who will teach us English is forty years old . As the students were inspired by his words , the students made up their minds to study hard . When we stand on the top of the hill , we can see the whole city . When we stand on the top of the hill, the whole city can be seenTom ran back to the kitchen , and eggs were held carefully in his hand.Our teacher came in and a book was under his arm.As she was ill, she went home 规律总结： 【题组夯实题组夯实】1. (1) He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whom B. them C. which D. who(2) He had a lot of friends, but only a few of them invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who2. (1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. which B. them C. what D. that3. (1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking.A. their B. whose C. which D. that(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that4. (1) If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that (2)The man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. as B. which C. what D. that【易错精析易错精析】AAA 1AIt was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood to her mother. A. close B. closely C. closed D. closingAAAAAA考AA考AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA, AAA cAD AAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAA, AAAA, AAA “AA, AA, 接A”AAAA B AAAA, AAA close +ly AA, AAA “AAA, AAA”AAAAAAAAA, AAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA, Little Mary AAAA, AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 2AAnnie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ to guard her. A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointedAAAACA考AA考AAA语AAAAAAAAAA中AAA appoint AAAAAAAA nurse AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA语appointedto guard her AA语AAAAAAAA nurseAAAAAAA Annie Salmon AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABD AAAAAAAAAAAAA C AAAAAA 3AMost green vegetables, _ for too long, will lose nutrition.A.if to be cookedB. if cookedC. if cookingD. if being cooked初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略AAAABA考AA考AA语AA中AA略AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA考A if AAAA语AA中AA略AAAA中AA语AAAA语AAAAAAAAA略AA中AA语A be AAAAAAAAAAA“if most green vegetables are cooked for too long,”,AAA略AAAAA略A语AAAAA略 be AAAAAA if cooked for too longAAIts your turn!AThe company promised to pay money for the customers _ their shoddy goods and _ an apology in public.A. purchasing ; making B. purchasing; make C. purchased; to make D. to purchase; madeMadame Curie spent her whole life _ to _ the scientific world.A. devoted; exploringB. devoted herself; exploreC. devoting herself; exploreD. being devoted; exploring【新高考英语题型感知新高考英语题型感知】【 【阅读阅读理解例理解例题题2021.6 全国乙卷全国乙卷 B 篇篇】 】When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (AA)?These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (AA). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (AA) only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isnt the only factor; Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than 初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略初高中英语衔接新高考培优方略providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A.