Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structuresppt课件-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册.pptx

1、Unit 5 Discover useful structuresthe Attributive Clause (2)定语从句（2）review1. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times . (P62)2. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. (P62)3.

2、Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past. (P62)4. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. (P62)review指人指人relative pronouns 关系代词关系代词who (

3、主语，宾语主语，宾语)whom (宾语宾语) whose (定语定语)that (主语，宾语主语，宾语) whose (定语定语)that (主语，宾语主语，宾语) which (主语，宾语主语，宾语)指物指物 It was a time when people were divided geographically. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one directi

4、on.Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate?（Page64)Information: a time for an eventInformation: a location for an event Lead in There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. These were animal bones an

5、d shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Information: a reason for an actionInformation: a location for an action定语从句中的关系词（relative words）The usage of relative adverb关系副词关系副词先行词从句中所充当的句子成分whentime时间状语时间状语whereplace地点状语地点状语whyreason原因状语原因状语关系副词的构成和基本用法 关系副词=介词+which替换when=表时间的介

6、词(in, at, on, during)+whichwhere=表地点的介词(in, at, on, under)+whichwhy= for whichPart oneI can never forget the day when I first saw you.我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。The first of October, 1949, is the day when the Peopled Republic of China was founded.Restrictive relative clauses 1when 引导定语从句时，先行词为

7、表示时间的名词，关系词引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。在从句中作时间状语。where, when, why引导的从句引导的从句I like the beautiful mountain where/on which we planted trees.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.2. where 引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在

8、从句中作地点状语。点状语。where 还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation, stage, point, case, position, condition等。例如：The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in. 事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。where, when, why引导的从句引导的从句Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why theyre not doing well. 不成不成

9、功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。I really dont know the reason why/for which he suddenly fell ill.3. why 引导定语从句时，先行词通常是引导定语从句时，先行词通常是reason, , 关系词在从句中作原因状语。关系词在从句中作原因状语。先行词是the reason时，定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定。如果缺少状语，用why；如果缺少主语或宾语，则用that / which，作宾语时可省略。例如：I dont believe the reason (that / which) he

10、gave me for his being late. 我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。where, when, why引导的从句引导的从句用关系用关系副词副词where, when, whywhere, when, why填空填空。1. Their child is at the stage _ she can say individual words but not full sentences. (2019年天津高考改年天津高考改)2. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he

11、should be able to be independent.3. Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.4. The reason _ he resigned is known to us.wherewhenwherewhyThe usage of preposition+relative pronoun介词介词+关系代词的用法关系代词的用法Part two1.1.关系代词的确定关系代词的确定 当先行词是人时，用介词 + whom 引

12、导定语从句，例如：Do you know the girl with _ our teacher is talking? 当先行词是物时，用介词 + which引导定语从句，例如：This is the room in _ my grandmother used to live.whomwhich 2 2. .介词介词的的确定确定 根据根据先行词的搭配关系：先行词的搭配关系：1) I still remember the day _ _ I met TFboys. 2) I will never forget the farm _ _ I worked with you.3) The mone

13、y _ _ you were to buy food is gone. on whichon whichwith which(on the day 在那天在那天)(on the farm 在农场在农场)(with the money 用钱用钱)介词关系代词介词关系代词whom/which引导引导的从句的从句2 2. .介词介词的的确定确定 根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯根据谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯1) Do you like the book _ _ she spent $10? 2) Do you like the book _ _ she paid $10?3) The West Lak

14、e, _ _ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. on whichfor whichfor which介词关系代词介词关系代词whom/which引导引导的从句的从句2 2. .介词介词的的确定确定 根据根据句子的意思来确定句子的意思来确定1) Air, _ which man cant live, is really important. 空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。 2) This is the man _ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。wi

15、thoutwith介词关系代词介词关系代词whom/which引导引导的从句的从句2 2. .介词介词的的确定确定 表示表示“所有所有”或或“整体的一部分整体的一部分”时通常用介词时通常用介词 “of” 在在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代词等代词或数词或数词的前、后可以用的前、后可以用of which/whom。 the比较级或最高级比较级或最高级前、后用前、后用of which/whom等。等。1) He has two sons, _ graduated from Peking Uni

16、versity. 2) Tom wrote many childrens books, nearly half _ were about campus culture. both of whomof which 介词关系代词介词关系代词whom/which引导引导的从句的从句2. 当介词放在定语从句的末尾that/ which (指物)；that/ whom/ who (指人)e.g. This is the hero that/ who/ whom/ (可省略) we are proud of. This is the pen that/ which/ (可省略) I wrote the l

17、etter with. that/ which/ who/ whom 作介词宾语可以省略拓展拓展特殊先行词后关系词的选择1. 当先行词为situation, case, stage, point, position等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语作状语时，要用关系副词where引导定语从句。 They have reached the point where they have to break up. 他们已经到了不得不分手的地步。 We were put in a position in which(=where) we had either to accept we were less i

18、mportant, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一种境地：被迫承认我们低人一等，或是与政府作斗争。 They are now in a situation where they need to make a practical plan. 他们现在的情况需要制定一个切实可行的计划。Part three2.当先行词为way时： 当先行词为way（意为“方式，方法”）时，引导定语从句的关系词为that/ in which或省略。对比： The way that/ in which/省略 he explained the sentence to us was qu

19、ite simple. The way that/ which/省略 he explained to us was not difficult to understand.方式状语方式状语宾语宾语指原因指原因关系代词关系代词指代事物指代事物指时间指时间指地点指地点所属关系所属关系指代人指代人关系副词关系副词Summarywho, whom, thatwhich, thatwhose, of whichwherewhenwhy用介词用介词 关系代词填空关系代词填空。1. Who is the person _ _ you just shook hands?2. China is a powerf

20、ul country, _ _ we are proud.3. This is the tree _ _ we used to play games.4. This is my glasses, _ _ I cant see clearly.5. Do you remember the day _ _ you joined our club?erercisewith whom without which under whichof which on which将将下面两个句子改写成定语从句。下面两个句子改写成定语从句。1. This is our school. We study and ma

21、ke friends in this school. This is our school _ we study and make friends. 2. The most unforgettable school activity is the English speech contest. We had great fun in the English speech contest. The most unforgettable school activity is the English speech contest, _.= in whichwhere = in which we ha

22、d great funwhen we had great fun 完成句子。完成句子。1. That wasnt the reason _ your brother lied to you.2. We all remember the days _ we studied together at school.3. The author _ you criticized in your review has written a reply.4. We drove past the house _ we used to live.5. Is this the village _ the famou

23、s scientist was born?whythat / whom / who whenwhere / in whichin which /where Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary.When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay i

24、n my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. where/in whichExercise Page 64It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would g

25、row. And I remember that day _ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place _ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. when/on whichwhere/at whichI felt

26、as if I had reached the goal _ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason _ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum!which/thatwhyThe United Nations (UN) is an organization _ aims to promote international cooper

27、ation. It was founded in 1945 and has about 190 member states. This is the reasonwhich/thatthatwhenwhere(in) whichwhowhy Complete the passage with the correct relative pronouns or adverbs below.Exercise Page 97_ the UN has a huge number of translators and interpreters, since international meetings i

28、n the UN are attended by people _ speak so many different languages. Translators are people _ usually work with written language, while interpreters work with spokenwhythatwhenwhere(in) whichwhowhywhowholanguage. Meetings _ only two languages are used may need only one interpreter, while larger events _ leaders from many countries gather may need over 70 interpreters.where/in whichthatwhenwhere(in) whichwhowhywhere/in which