第三讲 英语构词法 衔接学案-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册.doc

1、初高中衔接点津第三讲【语言知识概要】I词汇搜索matchpractisefactorymanagerdictionary building many healthy favourite birthday idea inviteshowtimefinishdifferent habitpresentneverusuallychoose thousand more connect finallydocument next againdownloadinformationII单词拼写英语 学生老师医院 十二 父母喝周四价格 周末 III短语填空1怎样；如何what 2. 看电视 television

2、 3. 弹钢琴 the piano 4. 呆在家stay 5. 很高兴见到你nice you 6. 起床 7. 喜欢，乐意would do sth. 8. 那真是好主意Thats 9. 欢迎来北京 Beijing 10. 一次动物园之旅a trip the zooIV语法扫描英语构词法英语构词法主要有三种：合成、派生与转化。另外缩写和简写也是构词法的一种。. 合成：有两个或更多的词合成一个词。（1）复合名词class + room = classroom (名词+名词) black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词)（2）复合形容词warm + heart + ed = w

3、armhearted 热心肠的good + look+ing = good-looking 相貌好看的world +wide= worldwide世界性的hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的 （3）复合动词 over + come = overcome克服 (副词+动词)（4）复合数词 fifty+ four= fifty-four（5）复合代词 everyone, somebody, anything, nobody ( 不定代词+名词)（6）复合副词 down+ stairs = downstairs在楼下( 形容词+名词) whole+ heartedly =

4、wholeheartedly 全神贯注地(副词+副词)2. 派生是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。 Happyunhappy developdevelopment（1）前缀一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。mis- 错误的 + understand v. 理解 misunderstand v. 误解en + large adj. 大的 enlarge v. 扩大（2）后缀一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。care v. 照料 careful adj. 细心的work v. 工作 worker n. 工人（3）常见前缀归纳：表示否定的前缀： un

5、- unfair, unhappy non- nonsmoker (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) in- inactive (常用在adj.后) dis- disagree, disappear im- impolite, impossible (用在b，p，m 开头的词前)表示错误或过失的前缀: mis- misunderstand, misdirect(误导)表示两个,双边的前缀： bi- bicolor ( 双色的), bicycle表示相互,交互,在一起的前缀inter- interview, international, internet表示又,再,重新的前缀 re- rev

6、iew, return, rewrite表示远的前缀tele telephone, television（4）常见后缀归纳 动词变名词：-tion education, invitation, prediction-ment development, movement, disappointment-er teacher, worker, runner, singer-or visitor, sailor, tutor, actor-ist ( 人,名词后缀)scientist, terrorist-ese ( 民族,语言,名词后缀) Chinese, Japanese 形容词变名词-ness

7、 happiness, meanness, carelessness-ity ability, possibility 名词变形容词：-y windy, rainy, healthy, funny, cloudy-ish foolish, feverish-some handsome, troublesome-ous dangerous, humorous-ful helpful, careful, peaceful, colorful-less homeless, helpless, careless-ed surprised, balanced, talented-ing interest

8、ing, outstanding-al traditional, international, natural 名词、形容词变动词：-ify beautify, simplify-ize realize, modernize-en quicken, widen, sharpen3. 转化：是指一种词类转化为另一种词类。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切. water n. 水 water vt. 浇水常见的转化形式几种：（1）动词名词stop v. 停止 n.车站love v. 爱 n. 爱watch v. 观看 n. 手表look v. 看have a look n. 看 walk v

9、. 散步, 走take a walk n.散步love v. 爱 your love n. 爱（2）名词 动词 hand n. 手 vt. 上交seat n. 座位 vt. 坐nurse n. 护士 vt. 护理oil n. 油 vt. 上油time n. 时间 vt. 定时，测时show n. 展览,展示 vt. 表演,演出（3）形容词-动词 slow ( adj. 慢的) slow ( v. 放慢) open (adj. 开着的) open( v.开). 缩写和简写 : 缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法)主要采取: “截头”,“去尾”或者 “既截头又去尾”的方法生成新词.telephon

10、ephone airplaneplane laboratorylab mathematicsmath advertisementad examinationexam 另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成.CD ( compact disk)CCTV ( China Central Television)NBA (National Basketball Association)UFO ( unidentified flying object)UN ( United Nations) ID ( identification)USA ( United States of America) 构词

11、法巩固练习1. That man was_ enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A. careB. carefulC. carelessD. carelessness 2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his_ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3. The child looked _at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sad

12、ly B. sad C. happily D. happiness4. He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a _. A. chemistry B.chemical C. chemist D. physician 5. The _chair isnt suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. three-legging B. three- legged C. three-legs D. three-legged 6. Stephenson became the _railway eng

13、ineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 7. When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked _about at his classmates. A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. pridely 8.To everyones _，the girl finished the job quite well. A. satisfied B. satisfactory C. satisf

14、ying D. satisfaction 9. What are you doing here? Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about _in English. You can write _passage in English? A. 600 words；a 600-words B. 600-word；a 600-words C. 600 words；a 600-word D. 600 words；a 600-words 10. No one should enter the spot without the _of the poli

15、ce. A. permit B. permission C. permitting D. permittence 11. You must come with us to the police _. Our head is waiting for you. A. headquarters B. headline C. headmaster D. headache 12. Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it _. A. intend B. intention C. intentionally D. intentional 1

16、3. The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a _smile. A. practice B. practise C. practical D. practiced 14. The_ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A. judger B. judgment C. judge D. judgement 15. My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the _news about Iraq War? A. lately B. latest C. later D.

17、latter 【语言技能引领】I句型转换1. She is 14 years old. (划横线部分提问) is she?2. The book is next to the box. (转换成一般疑问句) the book next to the box?3. My favourite food is fish. (划横线部分提问) favourite food?4. There is a book on the desk. (单数转换成复数) _ _on the desk.5. Tom can speak Chinese. (转换成一般疑问句) Tom Chinese?II根据汉语意思完成

18、英语句子1. 你好,我名叫李明,我今年15岁.Hello, is Li Ming and 15 years old.2. 你家里有多少人? people there in your family?3. 夏天里天气如何？ is the weather in Summer?4. 你乐意同我一起玩游戏吗？ you play games with me? 主意不错. a good idea.III根据短文意思，用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空 fly expense year sea weather be heat cold internet day Life in the future Planes

19、will be very large so 1 will be very cheap. Fuel will be 2 . Everyone will have a small car.It will be hot all 3 so the winter will be very short. It will get warm at the North Pole so the 4 will be very rough. The summer will be hot and the winter will be warm. But there will be bad 5 in spring and

20、 autumn. There 6 heavy rain and strong winds.Homes will be warm in winter and cool in summer, so theyll be very comfortable. Well use the sun 7_ _our homes. No one will 8 and therell be lots of hot water.Computers will be very small so theyll be very light. People will do many things on the 9 .Machi

21、nes will do the dull jobs on farms and in factories and offices, so no one will do heavy work. People will work three 10 a week. Theyll have long holidays and lots of free time.【学习策略指导】语言学习是知识不断积累的过程，记忆与背诵是积累知识的重要方法。没有记忆与背诵，很难形成知识的积累。词汇记得越多对你掌握语言越有帮助。你应多接触、多复习、多记忆以减少遗忘。还要根据自己的记忆特点，不断改进自己的记忆方法，提高记忆的效

22、率。 Constant success makes a happy life. I will be totally responsible for my future!第三讲答案II单词拼写English，student，teacher，hospital，twelve，parents，drink，Thursday，price，weekendIII短语填空1what about 2. watch television3. play the piano 4. stay at home 5. nice to meet you 6. get up 7. would like to do sth. 8.

23、 Thats a good idea 9. welcome to Beijing10. a trip to the zooIV语法扫描 1-5 BDACB 6-10 CBDCB 11-15 ACDCBI句型转换1. How old is she?2. Is the book next to the box?3. What is your favourite food?4. There are books on the desk.5. Can Tom speak Chinese.II完成句子1. Hello, My nameis Li Ming and I am 15 years old.2. How many people are there in your family?3. What is the weather like in Summer?4. Would you like to play games with me? Thats a good idea.III短文填空1. flying 2. expensive 3. year 4. seas 5. weather 6. will be 7. to heat 8. be cold 9. Internet 10. days