2015年2月托福真题回忆及解析.doc

1、2015年2月托福真题回忆及解析【导语】执起“奋斗”的笔，过去的梦想未完待续;扬起“坚持”的帆，继续追寻梦想的航船;高举“努力”的旗，相信明天的更加美丽，朋友，鼓足劲继续为梦想奋斗吧，加油!下面是无忧考网小编为你整理的2015年2月托福部分真题，希望可以帮到你！2015年2月托福在1日举行了一场考试2 月 1 日托福独立口语真题回忆：Task 1: Which of the following is the most effective way of learning: studying from textbooks, having discussion with a group or rea

2、ding articles written by others. Please use specific reasons to support your idea.今天的考题同样是三选一，重复北美 2013 年 10 月 5 日的考题关于学习方式或 者方法的话题是高频考题。TPO 中多次出现，如独立完成作业/跟其他人一起写 作业（TPCX3 ),网络学习/传统教室学习（TPOf7 ),上网查资料/查书（TPOI3 ), 研究报告/演讲/小组项目哪个对学生最有益（TPO28 ),人多的地方/人少的地方 学习（TPO29 )。去年 14 年的考题也考过多次，如有问题是问老师/问同学，上课记笔记/听

3、老师讲（重复两次，虽然题目看似比较多，但是如果大家注意灵活 变通，很多题目的答案其实都可以依葫芦画瓢，稍加变换就可以用在相关其它的 题目中。例如上述 TP03 ,选择跟其他人一起写作业，理由是可以讨论，遇到问题可以立即解决，问题不会积累；还可以说学习其他人的想法，用多种方法来解 决问题，扩展思路；还可以说人多学习气氛好，效率高。完全相同的内容可以套 用在传统教室学习，小组项目，人多的地方学习等题目上，当然对于今天的题目 也同样适用。再举一个例子，14 年还考到了这样两道题道题：谈一谈你跟其他 人不一样的学习方法，你想学习的一个人，其实可以套用上课记笔记/听老师讲这题的答案：My friend

4、usually pays more attention to what the teacher says during the class and takes notes after the class according to his own understanding. I think this is a very effective way of study because he can get a better grasp of the class and it improves his ability to summarize information. This is somethi

5、ng I can learn from. However, most of my classmates prefer to spend long time trying to take every single detail down on their notebook but end up not understanding the class quite well.其实托福口语的备考并没有想象的困难与其在临考前把时间花在所谓的机经押宝上，还不如平日里加强对于高频话题的熟练度和大量的口头练习来的实际，这样不管题目如何变化都可以灵活应对。以下是今天考题的 sample answerI thin

6、k having a discussion with a group is the most effective way of study compared with the other two because it is more of an active way to study. When I contribute my thoughts, I am also able to learn from different peopled ideas and opinions in a short time, which sometimes can offer me a new perspec

7、tive and broaden my horizon. For example, I joined a group discussion on gene-modified products last week. After the discussion, I learned a lot from other team members about the potential threat of consuming gene-modified produce for long time, something I didnt realize before. I think I benefited

8、more from actively getting involved in a discussion than just simply reading the textbooks or other peopled articles.这个答案虽然只讲了一个点，但是采用是 reasoning+example 的经典模式，末尾 加入了一句对比补充了一点内容，也可以使答案更切题。Task2 Do you agree or disagree that people should wear clothes according to fashion?重复北美 2012 年 6 月 8 日考题。从目前的形式

9、来看，接下来的考试依然还是会重复 1214 年的旧题。当然对于这种题目同意反对均可，只要言之有理即可。以下是该题的 sample answer.I definitely think that people should not follow the fashion. First of all, Fashion always changes. So if people follow fashion closely, the clothes they bought will go out date very quickly and they will always want to spend mo

10、ney buying new clothes, especially for girls, which is a vicious cycle for sure. Take mv cousin as an example. She is so obsessed with the fashion magazines and usually buys zillions of clothes from overseas every season, but she doesnt even take a look at them the next year. This is really crazy an

11、d a total waste of money and time. And also, fashionable clothes are not necessarily suitable for everyone. If people follow fashion blindly, the clothes will just look tacky on them and people will lose their own identity.这个答案讲了两个点，重点讲了第一点并举例，第二点只是作为补充在考场上， 理由不要贪多，能把一个观点讲清楚足矣，关键仍然在于细节和表达的流畅度。2 月 1

12、曰托福作文真题回忆：Do you agree or disagree: Movies and television have more negative than positive effects on young people behave.解析：这道题目是一道对比类的题目，这种题目在考试中占有很大的比例，也希望各位考生在今后的备考中多多注意这类题型。两者对比类的题目在寻找思路时，一般从利弊角度来考虑，选择 a 的话，寻找 a 的好处，或者 b 的弊端，这道题目其实更简单化了，本身的题目就是在问电视、电影的正面和负面影响 f 所以解题角度并不难。同意和不同意都可以写，比如同意电视的负面影响更

13、大，我们可以写电视的暴力内容对年轻人的影响，长时间看电视对年轻人的健康、学习、交流能力的影响，等等都可以来写。如果不同意，认为电视的正面影响更多，我们就可以围绕电视的两大功能educate & entertain 来写。下面是一篇文章，供各位考生参考。The fact that many teenagers love to watch television has become a huge concern for parents and educators. Although some people claim that televisions actually can be conduci

14、ve to young people, serving as a reliable source of information as well as a main approach to reduce stress, I believe that the negative effects outweigh its benefits.First of all, television can expose teenagers to violence and intense images that can be detrimental to their emotional well-being. T

15、he increasing scenes of violence and pornography inevitably cause imitation among teenagers. Since they were in that particular stage of life, anything they are exposed to would generate serious impact in their mind. Not realizing the severe consequences of the aggressive behavior could generate, ki

16、ds, especially young ones, may play kicking, punching and slapping for fun, but end up with doing this as a habit, thus gradually becoming annoying and not welcomed by others. Children are vulnerable and their minds absorb so much, so exposing them to violence, bad language or nudity can really dama

17、ge them in the future. According to a recent survey conducted by Chinese Adolescent Delinquency Association, after polling hundreds of young criminals aged 12 to l8, most respondents claimed that they copied violent behavior learnt from television shows or movies. Thus to some extent, the media is r

18、esponsible for some problematic teenagers* behavior.Additionally, television can also affects young people* s physical and mental health. Since the invention of television in 1926, television has brought billions of minutes of programming to living rooms all over the world, and it s almost too easy

19、to be a couch potato for hours with the amount of television available today. Sitting in front of television, staring on the screen for like 6 hours straight, with their mouth being stuffed with snack, can definitely lead to a poor sight, sore shoulders, stiff neck and obesity. As seen from a report

20、 issued by Educational Association, the number of students in middle school wearing glasses has shot up to 56%, 3 times higher than a decade ago. Also, television functioning as a main source of entertainment like a magnet, draws upon peoples attention, young people in particular, hence hugely reduc

21、ing their outdoor activities. Though watching Ellen Show can let those teenagers have a good laugh and relax, even tearing up bits, it shows that after all 8 hours school study, watching entertaining programs does little positive impact on health. Physical activities, like bike riding, which is help

22、ing the respiratory system and make the skeleton stronger and improve co-ordination, should be something that young people to do for the sake of maintaining healthy.Lastly, the trend that young people alienate themselves from communicating with their family members should also be attributed to the p

23、opularity of television. Thus, gradually, the family relationship can be negatively affected. Though some people may claim that watching TV can be an activity that most families of today use to bond with each other, actually a typical scene in modern family is that 7 fifth grade boy looking at Super

24、 Spider in his room after school locked in the room, totally into this movie, without even noticing the knock from his mom on the door. What is more, they probably will have problems in interacting with others as they grow up, since TV time take up the activities that they are supposed to hang out w

25、ith friends. So, in this respect, young people can behave more introverted.In a nutshell, watching television and movies can exert negative effects on youths emotional development, health and communicating ability.2月1日托福大陆阅读真题回忆：第一篇：The Rise and the Fall of Chaco Phenomenon考生回忆：大约 11 世纪的时候，在某个 canyo

26、n 出现了大量的 great houses，后来停止了建造，然后在 13 世纪的时候被遗弃了。建造这种 house 很费木材和人力，需要 collective work。它所在的位置如今是很干很恶劣的地方，于是 17 世纪的人们推测这个地方是从前是个绿洲，不然的话人们是不会过来盖房子的。后来因为过度砍伐导致生态环境严重恶化所以被遗弃。后来在 19 世纪的时候，人们又有新的证据证明此处其实从来没有过森林，所以树木一定是从远处运输过来，同时建筑学家研究发现这些 houses 处在一个网状结构的中心，可能是一个 regional center，同时周围有居民的房子，又发现了一些遗迹和遗留的器皿，所以

27、推断这些 house 是一个非常重要的 labor community，同时又很重要的宗教用途。地质学研究发现在那段时间大量的水资源存在于那个地方，宗教用途的推断受到质疑。研究者认为可能是因为这个地方很适宜发展农业，所以人们才迁移过来。机经词汇：signifyindicateceasestopdispersescatterfunctionpurposeponderthink aboutfundamentalbasicmandaterequirepromoteencourageallegesupposecontroversialDebatableinconclusivenot decisivee

28、laboratewell develop第一篇：The Rise and the Fall of Chaco Phenomenon考生回忆：大约 11 世纪的时候，在某个 canyon 出现了大量的 great houses , 后来停止了建造，然后在 13 世纪的时候被遗弃了。建造这种 house 很费木材和人力，需要 collective work。它所在的位置如今是很干很恶劣的地方，于是 17 世纪的人们推测这个地方是从前是个绿洲，不然的话人们是不会过来盖房子的。 后来因为过度砍伐导致生态环境严重恶化所以被遗弃。后来在 19 世纪的时候，人们又有新的证据证明此处其实从来没有过森林，所以树

29、木一定是从远处运输过来，同时建筑学家研究发现这些 houses 处在一个网状结构的中心，可能是 regional center,同时周围有居民的房子，又发现了一些遗迹和遗留的器皿，所以推断这些 house 是一个非常重要的 labor community ,同时又很重要 的宗教用途。地质学研究发现在那段时间大量的水资源存在于那个地方，宗教用途的推断受到质疑。研究者认为可能是因为这个地方很适宜发展农业，所以人们才迁移过来。解析：本文围绕 Chaco Phenomenon 的兴衰这个现象的原因展开论证，属于主要讨论 M 现象-因果的历史类文章。文章按照时间发展的顺序先后探讨好几 种理论，以及支持这

30、些理论的科学证据。一般而言，先出现的理论会被推翻，必须注意这些理论被推翻的理由，在提出理由之前往往在文章中会出现明显的转折词，这转折之后的内容是托福考题的高频考点。此外，做题时需注意记录笔记，对于结构化阅读及最后一题的解答有很大好处。由于条理清晰，最后一题尽量考虑从正面选出，排除为辅第二篇：Greeks Sacred Groves and Parks考生回忆：古希腊很崇尚自然，觉得自然是神圣的。树木神马的都有 spiritual meaning。第一段讲古希腊哲学家研究人与自然的关系，引用了某哲学家的话，说明了 nature 与 spirit 之间的联系。中间有一段说树木的重要性，不仅是在希

31、腊文明，也在其他文明中也存在着对树木的崇拜。因此那些 Sacred Groves 被认为是神明的居所，古希腊人用了很多的方法来保护它。然后还说了 Sacred Groves 的地址通常在一些小地方（洞穴之类）,并且不是像某哲学家所说的很虚幻的存在。希腊人相信神灵的确居住在此处。周围的植被树林都收到保护，并且有条理颁布，破坏自然会遭受神的制裁。经过 Sacred Groves 的动物也会被拿去祭祀。解析：很多考生反映本文比较难。主要原因是当作者提到古希腊的哲学、宗教与文明的时候出现了很多非常陌生而艰涩的生词与概念，因此出现因为词汇与背景知识的生疏而严重影响对于文章理解的情况。所以备考的时候，同学

32、们最好多花时间去精读自己的背景知识薄弱的 TPO 文章，尽量减少在考试之中遇到大量生词恐惧带来的内耗。推荐阅读：Ancient Rome and GreeceThere is a quality of cohesiveness about the Roman world that applied neither to Greece nor perhaps to any other civilization, ancient or modern. Like the stone of Roman wall, which were held together both by the regulari

33、ty of the design and by that peculiarly powerful Roman cement, so the various parts of the Roman realm were bonded into a massive, monolithic entity by physical, organizational, and psychological controls. The physical bonds included the network of military garrisons, which were stationed in every p

34、rovince, and the network of stone-built roads that linked the provinces with Rome. The organizational bonds were based on the common principles of law and administration and on the universal army of officials who enforced common standards of conduct. The psychological controls were built on fear and

35、 punishmenton the absolute certainty that anyone or anything that threatened the authority of Rome would be utterly destroyed.The source of Roman obsession with unity and cohesion may well have lain in the pattern of Rome* s early development. Whereas Greece had grown from scores of scattered cities

36、, Rome grew from one single organism. While the Greek world had expanded along the Mediterranean seas lanes, the Roman world was assembled by territorial conquest Of course, the contrast is not quite so stark: in Alexander the Great the Greeks had found the greatest territorial conqueror of all time

37、; and the Romans, once they moved outside Italy, did not fail to learn the lessons of sea power. Yet the essential difference is undeniable. The key to the Greek world lay in its high-powered ships; the key to Roman power lay in its marching legions. The Greeks were wedded to the sea; the Romans, to

38、 the land. The Greek was a sailor at heart; the Roman, a landsman.Certainly, in trying to explain the Roman phenomenon, one would have to place great emphasis on this almost instinct for the territorial imperative. Roman priorities lay in the organization, exploitation, and defense of their territor

39、y. In all probability it was the fertile plain of Latium, where the Latins who founded Rome originated, that created the habits and skills of landed settlement, landed property, landed economy, landed administration, and a land-based society. From this arose the Roman genius for military organizatio

40、n and orderly government. In turn, a deep attachment to the land, and to the stability which rural life engenders, fostered the Roman virtues: gravitas, a sense of responsibility, pietas, a sense of devotion to family and country, and, a sense of the natural order.Modern attitudes to Roman civilizat

41、ion range from the infinitely impressed to the thoroughly disgusted. As always, there are the power worshippers, especially among historians, who are predisposed to admire whatever is strong, who feel more attracted to the might of Rome than to the subtlety of Greece. At the same time, there is a so

42、lid body of opinion that dislikes Rome. For many, Rome is at best the imitator and the continuator of Greece on a larger scale. Greek civilization had quality; Rome, mere quantity. Greece was original; Rome, derivative. Greece had style; Rome had money. Greece was the inventor; Rome, the research an

43、d development division. Such indeed wasthe opinion of some of the more intellectual Romans. Had the Greeks held novelty in such disdain as we asked Horace in his epistle, what work of ancient date would now exist?Romes debt to Greece was enormous. The Romans adopted Greek religion and moral philosop

44、hy. In literature, Greek writers were consciously used as models by their Latin successors. It was absolutely accepted that an educated Roman should be fluent in Greek. In speculative philosophy and the sciences, the Romans made virtually no advance on early achievements.Yet it would be wrong to sug

45、gest that Rome was somehow a junior partner in Greco-Roman civilization. The Roman genius was projected into new spheresespecially into those of law, military organization, administration, and engineering. Moreover, the tensions that arose within the Roman state produced literary and artistic sensib

46、ilities of the highest order. It was no accident that many leading Roman soldiers and statesmen were writers of high caliber.第三篇：Dinosaur and Parental Care考生回忆：通过化石判断恐龙的 parental care 是很难的，因为这是一种行为， 没办法被化石保存下来。介绍了两种 care 的方法，一种是 egg in nest，另外一种是喂食。egg mountain 发现有一些化石证明 M 恐龙是 egg in nest。说在 egg mou

47、ntain ,每个下蛋点的点都是等宽的，说明很有可能是群居，在一起 下单然后共同保护幼崽。然后又讨论了 egg mountain 中有一种龙 D 中有新发 现，其幼崽的牙齿上有一层 protection material ,只有 feeding 才会开 J 成，这 意味着成年龙会带东西回来喂幼崽，与人类婴儿做了一个类比，但是这个证据不 能直接证明。而且在类似的一些动物幼崽身上是新生儿就有这个不一定是被喂食才有。于是研究者以进化的角度来推测会不会是新物种的 parental care ,找了现代的生物鸟和鳄鱼来作证，因为他们属于同一祖先，而这两种现代生物都有很 多 care 的方式，因此推断恐龙

48、是有 parental care。解析：这篇文章属于生物学的文章。本文讨论到的内容一共涉及了考古学、演化生物学与动物行为学三个学科，是一篇背景知识常广泛的文章。从文章段落结构看，本文主旨十分清晰，主题明确，对相关背景的描述比较洋尽，不会出现像第二篇文章那样因为背景知识的生疏而严重影响对于文章理解的情况。需要注意的是，必须提前对相关类型的 TPO 文章的生词熟悉，尽量减少生词恐惧带来的 内耗。推荐 TPO 08 的 Extinction of The Dinosaurs 和 TPO 11 的 Begging by Nestlings。推荐阅读：Extinction of the DinosaursPaleontologists have argued for a long time that the demise of the dinosaurs was caused by climatic alterations associated with slow changes in the positions of continents and seas resulting from plate tectonics. Off and on throughout the Cre