期末复习4 宾语从句 学案 -（2019）新外研版高中英语高二上学期选择性必修第二册.docx

1、宾语从句在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。I doubt whether he will be elected as chairman.我怀疑他是否会当选为主席。1. that引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。She said (that) she would come here and that I should wait

2、for her till Monday.她说她将会来这儿，并让我等到星期一。2. if和whether引导宾语从句的区别：在动词不定式之前只能用whether。在whether.or not的固定搭配中，只用whether。在介词后，只能用whether。作discuss 的宾语时，只能用whether。宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。3. 带复合宾语(宾语宾语补足语)的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。4. 表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。例如：hate，dislike，love，dont mind，f

3、eel like，appreciate，rely on，count on，see to等。We think it possible that you can finish the work today.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。5. 宾语从句的否定转移：think，believe，suppose，imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I dont think we need to waste much time on it.我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。(形式上否定)练习：1. Material can be t

4、aken from the DNA of a plant or an animal in order to remove _ are not desired. (用适当的词填空)2. A comedian might tell different jokes depending on _ the audience reacted to his or her previous jokes. (用适当的词填空)3. As is known to us, we live in _ is called the information age. (用适当的词填空)4. Our teacher has e

5、xplained to all _ we need to bring for the school outing. (用适当的词填空)5. If you concentrate on _ you dont have, you will never, ever have enough. (用适当的单词填空)6. My father and mother may regret _ I have not been selected for the interview. (用适当的词填空)7. He later informed me _ I was “not athletic”. (用适当的词填空)

6、8. I guarantee _ you will love the film. (用适当的词填空)9. First, Adam had to think very carefully about _ courses he wanted to take.（用适当的单词填空）10. When asked about _ inspired her to show such kindness towards a stranger, she simply shrugged and said, “I just try to do something nice.”（用适当的单词填空）【答案】1. what

7、 2. how 3. what 4. what 5. what 6. that 7. that 8. that 9. which 10. what【解析】1. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：为了去除不需要的物质，可以从植物或动物的DNA中提取物质。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意表示“不需要的物质”应用what。故填what。2. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：一个喜剧演员可能会讲不同的笑话，这取决于观众对他或她之前的笑话做出如何的反应。设空处在句中引导宾语从句，并在句中作方式状语。故答案为how。3. 考查宾语从句。句意：我们都知道，我们生活在所谓的信息时代。分析句子可知，介词后是宾语从句

8、，缺少主语，表示“的事物”，用连词what，故填what。4. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老师向所有人解释了学校郊游我们需要带什么。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句中bring缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。5. 考查宾语从句。句意：如果你专注于你所没有的，你永远都不会满足。分析句子结构可知，介词on后需用连接词引导宾语从句，从句谓语动词have后缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。6. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我的父母可能会为我没有被选中参加面试而感到遗憾。此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，故应用只起连

9、接作用的that。故填that。7. 考查宾语从句。句意：后来他告诉我，我“不擅长运动”。短语：inform sb. that.“告知某人”，分析句子可知，空白处之后全部内容为inform的宾语，因为句子不缺成分，所以要使用从属连词that来引导句子。故填that。8. 考查宾语从句。句意：我保证你会喜欢这部电影的。本句为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接词that。故填that。9. 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：首先，Adam必须非常仔细地考虑他想选择哪些课程。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句作think about的宾语，连接（形容词性）代词which，意为“哪个；哪些”，修饰名

10、词courses，符合句意。故填which。10. 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：当被问及是什么促使她对一个陌生人表现出如此善良时，她只是耸了耸肩说：“我只是想做点好事。”观察所给句子可知，asked about后为宾语从句，其中缺少主语成分，用what引导。故填what。 巩固训练单词默背1. They _ (遭受) a great loss in the earthquake.（根据汉语意思填空）2. He said it would rain, but I _ (不同意) with himI was sure it wouldnt rain.（根据汉语意思填空）3. Has the coun

11、try _ (恢复) from the effects of the war yet?（根据汉语意思填空）4. The concert will be held _ (室外) if the weather is good.（根据汉语意思填空）5. This article will show teenagers or adults how to _ (处理) an argument with their parents in a simple way.（根据汉语意思填空）6. Do not _ (忽略) warnings if the volcano is active; it can be

12、very dangerous near the summit(山顶).（根据汉语意思填空）7. The sea is_(平静的) and clear today, so we should go for a long walk on the beach.（根据汉语意思填空）8. Sitting out here, you really can feel the _ (力量) of the sun.（根据汉语意思填空）9. More and more people are_ (关心) themselves with environmental problems.（根据汉语意思填空）10. She

13、 was still_ (不安的) about the argument shed had with Harry.（根据汉语意思填空）阅读理解A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy fro

14、m water.The technology is based on the triboelectric(摩擦电的)effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that its possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, “Why dont we use water?”A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two differen

15、t materials would generate enough friction to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.This is not

16、the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction(摩擦). Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested fr

17、om the water itself.“It turns out,” Ma says, “the charge in the water drop is way more than the charge produced in the other electrode.” In fact, his teams model generated almost 100 times more power than previous experiments from a single drop of water.“The technology could someday power phones, se

18、nsors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.Ma has shown that the technol

19、ogy can work in a lab, Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.11. How did the author introduce the topic of the text?A. By telling a story.B. By raising a question.C. By giving an example.D. By imagining a situation.12. What do

20、es the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The wire.B. The drop of water.C. The surface.D. The electricity.13. What is unique about Mas technique compared with earlier experiments?A. The water itself acts as an electrode.B. It is based on the triboelectric effect.C. It produces electrici

21、ty from water-made friction.D. It uses a surface coated with two different materials.14. What does Oshman say about Mas technology?A. It has a promising future.B. It will do well on an umbrella.C. It works well in the real world.D. It will replace batteries someday.完形填空Dear Mr. Smith,I have put this

22、 letter off for far too long. I know you passed away many years ago, but maybe someone else 15 this will do much better. 16 its too late for him or her. I want you to know what a 17 you made in my life and to say thanks. When you 18 me science at Patterson High School, you awakened a 19 in me to lea

23、rn about everything in my world-not just the things in science but everything, everywhere. My 20 question was and still is, “Why?” I know I 21 my daddy mad sometimes, 22 when he was doing some housework or car repair, with my questions. Whats that? What is it used for? Why doesnt it work that way? H

24、e would 23 answering my questions and say to me, “Go in the house, David!”The only things I can 24 now from your class are how to identify the different types of clouds and the elements in the periodic table (元素周期表). It wasnt the 25 of the lessons but the inspirationto question, to be curious, and t

25、o look at problems as 26 to be solvedthat has 27 me so well over the years. When I look at the sky and point to a cloud formation, 28 anyone around that those are such and such clouds, I can see their 29 eyes. But occasionally, one of my grandchildren will ask anxiously. “How do you know that?” I sa

26、y, “I had a teacher.”Sincerely,David15. A. choosingB. readingC. correctingD. creating16. A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. while17. A. promiseB. planC. mistakeD. difference18. A. providedB. guidedC. taughtD. prepared19. A. kindnessB. patienceC. judgmentD. curiosity20. A. constantB. obviousC. suddenD. trad

27、itional21. A. directedB. driveC. excitedD. forced22. A. speciallyB. personallyC. especiallyD. privately23. A. be proud ofB. take care ofC. run out ofD. get tired of24. A. rememberB. realizeC. imagineD. recognize25. A. forceB. contentC. meaningD. power26. A. exercisesB. decisionsC. challengeD. benefi

28、ts27. A. affordedB. requestedC. respectedD. served28. A. warningB. informingC. educatingD. reminding29. A. amazedB. relaxedC. discouragedD. determined提纲类作文假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jim得知你上周参加了学校举行的运动会，他对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 运动会的情况；2. 你参加的项目3. 你的感受。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua

29、读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇光整的短文。As we get older there are certain gifts standing out in our memories for a variety of reasons. One gift I was given and treasured most was a doll named Patsy. She wasnt originally mine but was my younger sisters Christmas gift, but on holding Patsy I immediat

30、ely fell in love with her and couldnt bear to part with het. Luckily, my sister was quite happy to exchange dolls. From then on Patsy was my baby and I continued to love her dearly and would have died for her. Another gift I offered my Mom has been shining in my mind. On a Saturday, I was on my way

31、to the local cinema when I happened to glimpse(一瞥) at the window of the gift shop at the corner of our street. There were lovely gloves, pretty flowered handkerchiefs, and rose patterned teacups and saucers, all in pretty boxes. Seeing all these lovely gifts reminded me that it would soon be Mothers

32、 Day and my mothers birthday. Wouldnt it be nice, I thought, if I could give my mother something really special, something Id bought myself? So I stepped inside the shop and admired a dressing table set, which was a green cut glass with ornamental tray(装饰托盘) and several matching pieces. I was sure m

33、y mother would love it. The lady must have seen my disappointment when she told me the price. But she had a suggestion which immediately lifted my spirits. She pulled out a large notebook and wrote my name in it and the gift I wanted to buy, and in return I paid her a penny from my pocket money. It

34、meant no sweets that day but I didnt care. At the age of nine, Id made my very first lay-by(分期付款)and felt like a grown up. From then on, every Saturday I dropped in at the shop on schedule and paid a penny, which the lady dutifully recorded in her notebook. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The

35、 day before Mothers Day I paid the last two pence. _Too excited to wait till Sunday, I excitedly presented the gift to my mother. _答案单词默背【答案】1. suffered 2. disagreed 3. recovered 4. outdoors 5. settle 6. ignore 7. calm 8. power 9. concerning 10. upset 【解析】1. 考查一般过去时。句意：他们在这场地震中遭受了很多。根据句意，地震已经发生，故用一般

36、过去时，故填suffered。2. 考查动词时态。句意：他说会下雨，但我不同意他的意见我敢肯定不会下雨。根据汉语意思“不同意”可知应填动词disagree，作谓语，结合后文was可知应用一般过去时。故填disagreed。3. 考查动词。句意：这个国家从战争的影响中恢复了吗？根据yet可知时态用现在完成时，句首已经给出has，所以空处填过去分词形式，故填recovered。4. 考查副词。句意：如果天气好，音乐会将在室外举行。根据汉语意思“室外”可知应填副词outdoors，修饰动词hold。故填outdoors。5. 考查动词。句意：这篇文章将告诉青少年或成年人如何用简单的方法解决与父母的争

37、吵。settle表示“处理”，本句是疑问词+不定式结构，故空处需要填动词原形，故填settle。6. 考查动词。句意：如果火山活动，不要忽略警示标志。在山顶附近是非常危险的。分析句子可知，该句为含有否定意义的祈使句，设空处应为动词原形，故填ignore。7. 考查形容词。句意：今天的大海风平浪静，所以我们应该去海滩上散步。根据汉语意思“平静的”可知应填形容词calm，作表语。故填calm。8. 考查名词。句意：坐在这里，你真的可以感受到太阳的力量。根据汉语意思“力量”以及上文定冠词the，可知应填名词power。故填power。9. 考查动词时态。句意：越来越多的人正在关心环境问题。根据汉语意

38、思“关心”可知应填动词concern，作谓语，结合上文More and more people are可知为现在进行时。故填concerning。10. 考查形容词。句意：她还在为和哈利的争吵感到不安。空前有be动词was，空处需要填形容词做表语，故填upset。阅读理解【答案】11. D12. B13. A14. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了夏威夷大学的工程师David Ma认为摩擦两件东西来发电是可能的。事实上，研究人员用一颗移动的水滴点亮了15个LED灯泡。这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。11. 推理判断题。第一段的“A rainy day can

39、be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.”意思是雨天可能是一个充电的机会。当你在沙发上看电影放松时，落在窗户上的雨滴也许有一天会为你的电视提供能量。这就是一项从水中获取能量的发明背后的理念。由此可知

40、，作者通过想象一个情景，引出文章的主题，故选D。12. 词句猜测题。上文“By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved”说通过放置金属丝，水滴在移动时接触到金属丝。由此可知，下文“it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.”的意思是水滴应该可以获得电力。it指的是水滴，故选B。13. 细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第四段“Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced i

41、n a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.（然而，早期的实验是通过水滴的滑动来收集表面产生的电荷。在那里，表面起着电极的作用。这是不同的。摩擦力是从水本身获得的。）”由此可知，与早期的实验相比，Ma的技术的独特之处在于水本身起着电极的作用，故选A。14. 推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段“The

42、 technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every d

43、ay,” he says.（科罗拉多矿业学院的工程师Christopher Oshman说:“这项技术有一天可以为手机、传感器或其他小型电子产品提供动力。”他说：“这项工作向收集我们周围移动物体的能量迈出了一步，包括我们自己，为我们每天使用的电器提供动力。”）由此推断出，Oshman认为Ma的技术有一个光明的未来，故选A。完形填空【答案】15. B 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 【解析】这是一篇记述文，主要讲述了作者怀念一位去世多年的老师，从这位老师身上学到

44、的求知精神影响了作者很多年。15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道你多年前就去世了，但也许有人读了这篇文章会做的更好。A. choosing选择；B. reading阅读；C. correcting收集；D. creating创建。根据上文“I have put this letter off for far too long.I know you passed away many years ago”可知，这是“我”写给已故老师的信，此处指读到这封信的其他人，故选B项。16. 考查介词。句意：他或她在为时未晚之前.A. before在.之前；B. after在.之后；C. since自从.；D. while当.时候。根据下文“its too late for him or her”可知，其他人可以在为时未晚时，做“我”没有做到的事情。故选A项。17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想让你知道你对我的生活有何影响并表示感谢。A