期末复习2 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语 学案 -(2019)新外研版高中英语高二上学期选择性必修第二册.docx
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1、动词-ing形式作主语和宾语动词-ing作主语动词-ing形式的结构可以在句中作主语,多指抽象的、概念性的动作,可以是经常性的行为。Swimming does good to our health.游泳对我们的身体有好处。1. 动词-ing形式作主语的用法(1)直接用在句首作主语Learning about a language is easier than using it.学习有关语言的知识比使用它容易。(2)用it作形式主语,把动词-ing形式后置,常用在下面句式中。It is no /little use doing sth.做某事没有/几乎没有用处It is worth doing
2、sth.做某事是值得的It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间It is fun doing sth.做某事很有趣It is no good quarrelling with him.和他争吵没有好处。It is no use telling her not to worry.告诉她不要着急也没有用。Its a waste of time arguing about it.争论这事是浪费时间。(3)用于“there be”结构中There is no saying when it will stop raining.无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。(4)动词
3、-ing形式的复合结构作主语当动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构。His coming to the party made me very excited.他来参加派对使我很兴奋。练习:1. _ with his entire family is the most important part of Spring Festival for him. (be)(所给词的适当形式填空)2. _ (get) stuck in the traffic jams makes me annoyed. (所给词的适当形式填空)3. _ (unde
4、rstand) your own needs and styles of communication, as we all know, is as important, if not more, as learning to convey your emotions.(所给单词适当形式填空)4. _ (focus) your attention on the text rather than the grammar will help you understand the passage better.(所给单词适当形式填空)5. _ (go) to bed early and rising
5、early is a good habit.(用单词的适当形式填空)6. There is a rule: _ (carve) names on the desk is forbidden in the classroom.(所给单词适当形式填空)7. _ (study) hard isnt always fun, but Ill be well-prepared for university or whatever comes in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)8. _ (expose) to the sun for a long time does harm to ou
6、r skin. (所给词的适当形式填空)9. _ (listen) to English radio programmes helps him get used to how fast native speakers talk. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】1. Being 2. Getting 3. Understanding 4. Focusing 5. Going 6. carving 7. Studying 8. Being exposed 9. Listening 【解析】1. 考查动名词。句意:对他来说,和全家人在一起是春节最重要的部分。根据句子结构,_ with his en
7、tire family是本句的主语,此处需要用动名词作主语,故填Being。2. 考查动名词。句意:堵车使我很恼火。此处用动名词(doing)作主语,首字母大写。故填Getting。3. 考查动名词。句意:我们都知道,了解你自己的需求和沟通方式,与学习表达你的情感同等重要,甚至更重要。作系动词is的主语应用动名词。故填Understanding。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:你把注意力放在课文上而不是语法上,会帮助你更好地理解课文。分析句子可知,will help为句子谓语,空格处以及谓语前面内容为主语,所以此处应用focus的动名词形式。因位于句首,首字母大写。故填Focusing。5. 考查
8、动名词。句意:早睡早起是个好习惯。分析句子成分可知,句子的谓语是is,设空处与“and rising”作并列主语,所以设空处也应填入ing形式。故填Going。6. 考查动名词。句意:有一条规定:禁止在教室里的桌子上刻字。分析句子可知,冒号后面的句子缺少主语,表示“在桌子上刻字”这一动作,用动词carve的动名词carving做主语。故填carving。7. 考查动名词。句意:努力学习并不总是有趣的,但是我会为将来的大学或任何事情做好准备。分析句子成分可知,设空为主语,又因为此处泛指“努力学习”,故应用动名词形式来做主语。故填Studying。8. 考查非谓语动词。句意:长时间暴露在太阳下对我
9、们的皮肤有害。be exposed to曝光于,暴露。分析句子可知,句中缺少主语,所以用动名词作主语。故填Being exposed。9. 考查动名词。句意:听英文广播节目帮他习惯了外国人的快语速。分析句子成分可知,谓语动词是helps,所以该空应该填listen的非谓语动词形式。根据句意可知“听英语广播”是一个长期的、习惯性的动作,所以应该用listen的动名词形式来作主语,故填Listening。动词-ing作宾语动名词做宾语的情形:1. 作及物动词宾语Would you mind opening the window?The girl practices playing violin e
10、very evening.2. it作形式宾语,代替动名词I found it interesting being back at school again.3. 作动词词组的宾语You should avoid quarrelling with your sister.4. 介词的宾语The police arrested him for speeding.5. 既可接doing又可接to do的动词,但意义不同I forget to take the medicine.我忘记吃那个药。I forget taking the medicine.我忘记把那个药吃了。6. 常接动名词的动词或动词
11、短语:此类动词有:admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest.Were considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.练习:1. Most Danes are used to _ (see) between 50%-70% of their salary going to the government.(所给词的适当形式填空)2. This does not mean that people have stopped _(appreciate) traditional Chinese
12、 culture. (所给词的适当形式填空)3. At the weekends, I play computer games if Im not busy _ (study).(所给单词适当形式填空)4. To save the environment, we should not be addicted to _ (use) cars.(所给词的适当形式填空)5. They spent so much time _ (improve) their reading ability.(所给单词适当形式填空)6. Steel is produced by_ (combine) iron with
13、 carbon.(所给词的适当形式填空)7. Neighbors devoted their spare time to_ (help) others rebuild homes.(所给词的适当形式填空)8. Karry burst out _ (cry) when her boyfriend said goodbye.(所给单词适当形式填空)9. As an exchange student, it took me a long time to adjust to _ (live) alone in Australia.(所给单词适当形式填空)【答案】1. seeing 2. appreci
14、ating 3. studying 4. using 5. improving6. combining 7. helping 8. crying 9. living【解析】1. 考查动名词。句意:大多数丹麦人习惯了看见他们50%到70%的工资被政府拿走。“be used to”意为“习惯于”,to是介词,后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故填seeing。2. 考查动名词。句意:这并不意味着人们不再欣赏中国传统文化。动词stop后可以接动词不定式或动名词作宾语,stop to do sth.表示停下原来做的事情,去做另一件事情,而stop doing sth.表示停止做某事,结合句意可知,此处表示停止
15、做某事,所以空处需用动名词作宾语。故填appreciating。3. 考查非谓语动词。句意:在周末,如果我不忙于学习,我就玩电脑游戏。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”是固定用法,用动名词作宾语,故填studying。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了拯救环境,我们不应该沉迷于使用汽车。短语be addicted to doing sth.表示“沉迷于做某事”,后跟动名词作宾语。故填using。5. 考查动名词。句意:他们花了很多时间来提高阅读能力。根据句意和句中spent可知,句子讲述的是过去的事,为一般过去时,improve意为“提高,改进”,动词词性,句中涉及“spend
16、time (in) doing sth.”,意为“花费时间做某事”,improve的动词ing形式为improving。故填improving。6. 考查非谓语动词。句意:钢是由铁和碳组合起来炼成的。空格在介词by后,应该用动名词作介词的宾语,故填combining。7. 考查非谓语。句意:邻居们利用业余时间帮助别人重建家园。短语devote.to.,意为“把用于/献于”,其中to为介词,其后跟动名词作宾语,根据句意和搭配,所以填helping。故填helping。8. 考查动名词。句意:当她男朋友说再见时,凯莉突然哭了起来。burst out后接动名词作宾语,意为“突然做某事”,根据句意,故
17、填crying。9. 考查动名词。句意:作为一名交换生,我花了很长时间才适应独自在澳大利亚生活。分析句子可知,设空处前面的to为介词,后应接动名词作宾语,故填living。巩固训练单词默背1. Its easier to _ (骑自行车) with the wind behind you. (根据汉语意思填空)2. She took out a map and indicated the quickest _ (路线) to us. (根据汉语意思填空)3. I found him in the _ (走廊) nervously pacing up and down. (根据汉语意思填空)4.
18、 Located off-centre in the irregularly shaped lake was a _ (喷泉). (根据汉语意思填空)5. It seemed _ (难以置信的) that people would still want to play football during a war. (根据汉语意思填空)6. It is a law that _ (禁止) tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines. (根据汉语意思填空)7. This gives you the opportunity to pray for
19、and _ (祝福) the other. (根据汉语意思填空)8. The school rules state that no children shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless adults _ (陪伴) by them. (根据汉语意思填空)9. I hit my leg on the _ (边缘) of the table as I walked past. (根据汉语意思填空)10. Although the local people are a minority, they have firm co
20、ntrol of the _ (领土). (根据汉语意思填空)阅读理解A Kenyan teacher who gave away. most of his monthly salary (工资) to poor people has won a $1 -million Global Teacher Prize.In 2016, Peter Tabichi came to Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School, a public school, in a faraway Kenya s Rift Valley. The school had just a sing
21、le computer and had problems connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory, as well. To make matters worse, the students came from poor families where basics like food and clothing were hard to come by. While these difficulties would have caused most people to leave quickly, Tabichi st
22、ayed.Realizing that starving kids make for poor students, the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them. He set up a science club to get kids interested in the topic. “Our laboratory does not have everything, but I encourage them to thi
23、nk wider and use what we can get locally.”Tabichi and other four teachers regularly visit low-achieving, at-risk, students at their homes to provide one-on-one help and to understand the difficulties these children face daily. Tabichi also encourages parents to allow girls to continue their high-sch
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