2021届高考语法填空技巧公开课课件.pptx

1、高考真题剖析高考真题剖析考什么考什么?怎么考怎么考? 考查点考查点 卷卷文体文体年份年份无提示词无提示词2020年年全国卷全国卷(说明文说明文)/1/11全国卷全国卷(说明文说明文)11/1全国卷全国卷(记叙文记叙文)1/2/2019年年全国卷全国卷(说明文说明文)11/11全国卷全国卷(记叙文记叙文)1/11/全国卷全国卷(记叙文记叙文)/1/2/2018年年全国卷全国卷(说明文说明文)/1/2/全国卷全国卷(说明文说明文)1/2/全国卷全国卷(记叙文记叙文)11/1/Page 4unlimited试题解读试题解读 在一篇在一篇200词左右的短文中留出词左右的短文中留出10处空白，处空白，部

2、分空白不给提示词，要求考生只填一个词；部分空白不给提示词，要求考生只填一个词；部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文写出所提供单词的正确形式。生根据上下文写出所提供单词的正确形式。解题四步走解题四步走提示：四步走归根提示：四步走归根到底其实就是到底其实就是寻找寻找依据依据每一个语法每一个语法填空的空格里所需填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实的单词或短语其实都可以在都可以在所在的句所在的句子中或者上下文中子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。找到它的依据。解题步骤：解题步骤：1理解大理解大意意通读全通读全文文2确定词确定词性性分析句子分析句子3确定词确

3、定词形形根据语义根据语义4前后连贯前后连贯检查搭配检查搭配纯空题试题纯空题试题1.Mary began this work four years ago and _enjoyed it very much.2.I like this house with a beautiful garden, but I dont have enough money to buy .it 简单句或者并列句简单句或者并列句缺主语或宾语，缺主语或宾语， 一般填一般填_代词代词she 1) I have a few neighbors, but the neighbors I have are very nice,

4、 even though _ dont see each other very often 2) I get nervous every time I watch this. Its so dangerous and hard for him to balance. He may fall off and hurt _ (he).wehimself Ex1. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had _ amazing conversation. 2. young man, while traveling through a des

5、ert, came across a spring of clear water. _ water was sweet 2.如果空格后是名词或“形容词+名 词”,应应填_ 。anThe限定词限定词1. I had been listening to the radio and reading _ book.2. I want to enjoy my work and make lots of money at _same time.athe1. I think its a good idea _ you to come back to China.2. Though she is a girl

6、 , she is interested _ football.介词的考查：多数情况下出现在固介词的考查：多数情况下出现在固定搭配中。定搭配中。forinIt be adj./n. for sb to do sthbe interested in. 1._ the help of David, I have made a rapid progress on my major. 3.当纯空格后的名词、代词或动名词不是作主语、表语,也不是作谓语动词的宾语时,要填_ 。With介词介词 具体填什么介词,由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词与介词的句式搭配来决定。 1. The youn

7、g man went home _ a happy heart. 2. Nowadays, everyone is used _ playing smart phones. withto1. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived . 4.如果纯空格前后都是结构完整的句子，这时要填_。until连词连词 转折：however，but因果：因果：therefore，so并列：并列：and 1. Do you know the man _ is speaking to David? 2. I

8、n much of Asia, especially China, Japan, Korea _ Vietnam , food is usually eaten with chopsticks. 4. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy since the tree did “grow” higher. whoandbutSkill 1.简单句或者并列句中缺主语或宾语，一简单句或者并列句中缺主语或宾语，一定填代词。定填代词。Skill 2.介词的考查；多数情况下出现在固定介词的考查；多

9、数情况下出现在固定搭配。搭配。Skill 3 .两个主谓之间如果没有分号或句号，很两个主谓之间如果没有分号或句号，很可能填连词。可能填连词。Skill 4 .冠词的考查；冠词的考查；a/an, the +名词前或者名词前或者形容词形容词+名词前。名词前。【二】【二】给词题填空给词题填空谓语动词谓语动词 谓语动词主要考虑时态、语态、谓语动词主要考虑时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。从历年全国卷来语气、主谓一致等。从历年全国卷来看，考得最多的是一般现在时和一般看，考得最多的是一般现在时和一般过去时，且只需看看上下文中谓语动过去时，且只需看看上下文中谓语动词是用什么时态，跟着用什么时态就词是用什么时态，

10、跟着用什么时态就行了，十分简单。行了，十分简单。给词题填空给词题填空 Ex1. Two years ago ,the young man _(give) the book to the old man. Ex2.But now this problem _ (solve) already. 1.谓语动词的解题方法谓语动词的解题方法: gave has been solved 首先首先考虑提考虑提示词示词是否是否作谓语作谓语,如果是如果是就是要考虑它就是要考虑它的时态，语态和人称。的时态，语态和人称。2013广东广东He was cooking some delicious food in th

11、e kitchen. Suddenly, he_ (find) that he had run out of salt. 分析分析在主语人称代词在主语人称代词he后作谓语，是后作谓语，是谓语动词；因谓语动词；因he与与find是主动关系，用主是主动关系，用主动语态，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过动语态，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时，故填去时，故填found。2015课标课标IIt was raining lightly when I _(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.分析分析当我在黄昏之前到达阳朔的时当我在黄昏之前到达阳朔的时候，正下着小雨。因前面

12、候，正下着小雨。因前面was raining判判断，此处用断，此处用arrived。1)The sun was setting when my car _ (break) down near a village.3) Most of my time _(spend) teaching young children now. brokeis spent非谓语动词非谓语动词 动词是作谓语用的，当动词不是作动词是作谓语用的，当动词不是作谓语时，而是作主语、宾语、定语、状谓语时，而是作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语时，该动词就要用非谓语形式：语、补语时，该动词就要用非谓语形式：to do(即用即用to+

13、原形原形), doing(即即-ing形式形式), done(即即-ed形式形式)。 根据三种形式的不同用法，以及非根据三种形式的不同用法，以及非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系等来确定谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系等来确定具体用哪种形式。具体用哪种形式。1. _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 2.非谓语动词的解题方法 :Walking首先首先考虑考虑提示词是否做非谓语，提示词是否做非谓语，如果是如果是就是要考虑它的逻辑关系就是要考虑它的逻辑关系（主动还是被动），（主动还是被动），进而进而来确定来确定它是它是用用现在分

14、词还是过去分词，现在分词还是过去分词，还是用不定式。还是用不定式。例例2_(build) in 1192, the bridge is over 700 years old.分析分析句中已有谓语动词句中已有谓语动词is，所以，所以build是非谓语是非谓语动词作状语；又因动词作状语；又因the bridge与与build是被动关系，是被动关系，故填故填Built。2014课标课标IBut the river wasnt changed in a few days or even a few months. It took years of work_(reduce) the industria

15、l pollution and clean the water.分析分析句型句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.It是是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故应填形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故应填to reduce。比较等级比较等级 当括号中所给的词是形容词或副词，当括号中所给的词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境，理解句意，若该词意思不要根据语境，理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。比较级或最高级。2014课标课标IFin

16、ally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_ (clean) than ever. 1. He was very tired, but he felt very happy since the tree did “grow” _ (high) 2. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love .Nothing could be _(sweet) highersweeter 1. We drank together and

17、talked _ (merry) till far into the night. Ex2 This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) way.4. 词类转换题词类转换题(构词法构词法)的解题方法的解题方法: merrilynatural如果空格处要填的词性与括号中如果空格处要填的词性与括号中所给词的词性不同时所给词的词性不同时,就要考虑就要考虑构词法（词类转换）。构词法（词类转换）。 1. Do you know the _ (deep) of the river? 3. The little gir

18、l is _ (extreme) eager to know the result of the exam.depthextremely 【一】 When I left for the United States to study. I had butterflies in my stomach. I was nervous because I was going to_1._new place with new people and new customs. I couldnt even understand_2._(they)language. Everything was differe

19、nt_ 3._ my own country. There was nobody that I could talk to. I just had my husband,_ 4._was a new person for me, too.atheirfromwho It was a sad moment when I had to say goodbye to my family and friends. I didnt want_5._(leave)my hometown because I _6._(grow) up there and had wonderful _7._(memory)

20、 of the place. _ 7._ (think)about all these changes made me nervous and I was_8._ (worry) about my new life. But studying abroad was a _9._ (decide) that I made myself. I had to continue and accept the challenge. I looked forward to _10._(visit) my family in the summer vacation.to leavegrewmemoriest

21、hinkingworrieddecisionvisiting 小结：小结： 技巧技巧：把握全文大意，结合设题：把握全文大意，结合设题类型，划分句子成份，分析成份。类型，划分句子成份，分析成份。找复杂句、难句进行结构分析。找复杂句、难句进行结构分析。 【二二】Paper-cutting is a(n) _1_ (tradition) Chinese folk art with a long history. Paper-cuts _2_ (use) during festivals to decorate gates and windows. The main cutting tools are

22、 simple: paper and scissors or a knife. Clever craftsmen are very good at _3_ (cut) in the theme of daily life. When you look at works created by paper cutting _4_ (careful), you will be amazed by the true-to-life _5_ (express) of the figures appearance and thoughts . Although other art forms, like

23、painting, can show similar scenes, paper-cutting still stands out for its beautiful lines and patterns _6_are all hand-made. Learning about cutting a piece of paper _7_ (be) easy but mastering (精通精通) _8_ is very difficult. One must hold the knife upright (竖直地竖直地) and press on the paper without much

24、strength. Any carelessness will lead _9_ damage to the whole image. Craftsmen try _10_ (create) a circle like the moon, a straight line like a stem(干干) of wheat, and a square like a brick. They have to be careful and keep practising to make the scenes seem as alive as possible. 【二二】Paper-cutting is

25、a(n) _1_ (tradition) Chinese folk art with a long history. Paper-cuts _2_ (use) during festivals to decorate gates and windows. The main cutting tools are simple: paper and scissors or a knife. Clever craftsmen are very good at _3_ (cut) in the theme of daily life. When you look at works created by

26、paper cutting _4_ (careful), you will be amazed by the true-to-life _5_ (express) of the figures appearance and thoughts . traditionalare usedcuttingcarefullyexpression Although other art forms, like painting, can show similar scenes, paper-cutting still stands out for its beautiful lines and patter

27、ns _6_are all hand-made. Learning about cutting a piece of paper _7_ (be) easy but mastering (精通精通) _8_ is very difficult. One must hold the knife upright (竖直地竖直地) and press on the paper without much strength. Any carelessness will lead _9_ damage to the whole image. Craftsmen try _10_ (create) a ci

28、rcle like the moon, a straight line like a stem(干干) of wheat, and a square like a brick. They have to be careful and keep practising to make the scenes seem as alive as possible.whichisitto to createPage 36unlimitedA young couple moved into a new neighborhood. The next morning, they 56._ (eat) break

29、fast, when the young wife saw her neighbor hang the wash outside.“That laundry is not very clean,” she said to her husband. “The neighbor doesnt know how to wash correctly. Perhaps she needs 57._ (good) laundry soap.” Her husband looked on, but remained 58._ (silence). Every time her neighbor hung h

30、er wash 59._ (dry), the young woman would make 60._ same comments. About one month 61._ (late), the young woman was surprised to see a nice clean wash on her neighbors line and said to her husband, “Look! She has learned how to wash correctly. I wonder 62._ taught her this?”were eatingbettersilentto

31、 drythelaterwhoPage 37unlimited The husband said, “I got up early this morning and cleaned our windows!” Can you see how it might be a good idea to check first to see if your windows are clean? What we see when 63._ (watch) others depends on the purity of the windows through 64._ we look. Before we give any criticism, it might be a good idea to check our state of mind and ask 65._ (we) if we are ready to see the good rather than just look for something wrong in the people we met. watchingwhichourselves