2020年8月自考00096外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案含评分标准.pdf

1、摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇绝密 绎 考试结束前全国 2020 年 8 月高等教育自学考试外外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码:00096摇 摇 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。选择题部分注意事项:摇 摇 1. 答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。摇 摇 2. 每小题选出答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。 不能答在试题卷上。一、单项选择题:本大题共 15 小题,每

2、小题 2 分,共 30 分。在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组,请将其选出并将答题卡(纸)的相应代码涂黑。 错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。1. We can see no justifications for an increase in the price.A. reasonsB. resultsC. explanationsD. disputes2. Multinational companies reaped great rewards of their foreign investment in developing countries.A. appealedB.

3、 offeredC. earnedD. rejected3. The aim is to modernize the moribund state-owned enterprises that threatened China蒺s economicprogress.A. strongB. stagnantC. poorD. monopolistic4. The structure of the fund management industry and stock market may also exacerbate theproblem.A. reduceB. worsenC. attribu

4、teD. develop5. Stock-taking of the open policy will come this year when the National People蒺s Congress discussesthe next five-year plan.A. InquiryB. AcceptanceC. StatisticD. Assessment6. From the onset of the crisis, international organizations have been coordinating emergencyactivities.A. endingB.

5、sunsetC. beginningD. growth浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 1 页(共 6 页)自考历年真题q/微信：3446477. The government plans to curtail economic growth to avoid speculative bubbles.A. enlargeB. continueC. assistD. restrict8. The America蒺s formidable capital and technological resources would be utilized to meet itsobjectives

6、.A. powerfulB. availableC. vastD. different9. The law banned discrimination against people with physical disabilities in the workplace.A. equalityB. fairnessC. differentiationD. protection10. Investment funds have moved out of commodities and into liquid assets.A. water resourcesB. current assetsC.

7、real estateD. fixed assets11. With unemployment rate at 9. 7%, the president is pressing the Congress to approve financialincentives for small businesses to add workers.A. controlB. capitalC. toolsD. stimulation12. 9% of listed firms are technically insolvent and have stopped paying their debts.A. p

8、rivateB. publicC. bankruptD. unsuccessful13. A substantial proportion of loans from the World Bank is still to be disbursed.A. borrowedB. paidC. declinedD. recovered14. This marks the first time in history that these companies will be subject to federal supervision.A. be free fromB. be exchanged byC

9、. be occupied inD. be subordinated to15. Online education is a fledgling sector where no perfect model has been created.A. inexperiencedB. matureC. unfinishedD. uncertain二、判断题:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 2 分,共 20 分。判断下列各题,在答题卡(纸)相应位置正确的涂“A冶,错误的涂“B冶。Passage 1Force of the Multinationals摇 摇 Direct investment by mul

10、tinational companies is becoming a hugely important force in the worldeconomy. In essence, a combination of factors, such as the development of global communicationsand a change in the political climate towards multinationals, is bringing in an era of true globalmanufacturing. A company such as Siem

11、ens may now start making a product in Germany then ship it浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 2 页(共 6 页)自考历年真题q/微信：344647to Malaysia for the labor鄄intensive final stages of manufacture. The strategy by Japanese companiesof locating production in cheaper Far Eastern countries such as Thailand has done much to inte

12、gratethe economies of the region. US companies were setting up production in Mexico, for similarreasons, before negotiations on the NAFTA had even started. There is an important distinction to bemade between the kind of integration based on trade, which is relatively simple, and the far morecomplex

13、links involved in global manufacturing. The report says that “as integration moves fromshallow trade-based linkages to deep international production-based linkage under the commongovernance, the traditional division between integration at the corporate and country levels begins tobreak down. 冶摇 摇 Fo

14、reign direct investment tends to transfer assets from the developed world to the developingworld. But the pattern is not entirely simple. Big shifts have occurred in the composition of foreigndirect investment by sector. Increasing investment is going into services and high鄄tech manufacture,rather t

15、han basic manufacture and natural resources.As might be expected, foreign directinvestment in the developed world is mostly in the former category, whereas in the developing worldthe emphasis is on the latter. It seems countries have to reach a basic level of sophistication beforethey can get in the

16、 act. Simple cash incentives to set up production in a country have little effect,other than on margin. In addition, the increasing sophistication of global production means thatcheap labor is often not a deciding factor either.16. International production鄄based integration is better than trade鄄base

17、d integration.17. Labor鄄intensive manufacture is the production mainly depend on the use of a large number oflabor.18. US companies set up production in Mexico for its cheaper labor and cost.19. Cash incentive is a deciding factor in global production.20. Foreign direct investment in the developed c

18、ountries is mostly in services and high鄄tech sector.Passage 2Asia, You Cost Too Much摇 摇 The Asian economic miracle can be best summed up as the biggest price undercut in history.Asia grew because it was the cheapest source for the low鄄tech consumer goods that the West craves.Hong Kong and Korea didn

19、蒺t invent new or more efficient manufacturing techniques, they simplybought market share with low wages. But now Asia is beginning to cost too much. If you still think浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 3 页(共 6 页)自考历年真题q/微信：344647Asia is cheap or even a bargain, compare office rents in Shanghai with those in Chic

20、ago and Paris.Or try to hold a qualified manager in China against the almost weekly job offers he receives due tothe shortage of Chinese professionals. No wonder companies are voting with their feet in response toAsia蒺s rising cost. Germany蒺s Siemens is dumping Singapore in favor of lower cost locat

21、ions in theregion. The way things are going, Siemens may have to move again before too long.摇 摇 The competition facing Asia is not going to let up, either Local council representatives fromBritain are running all over the world advertising tax cuts, giving away state land and slashingbureaucracy in

22、an effort to attract industry.Technological innovations and cost reduction incommunications and transport mean that location isn蒺t as important as it once was. Only Singaporeseems to understand that keeping up isn蒺t good enough and that being competitive means forgingahead. The Lion City made a conc

23、erted effort to open market, cut government regulations and createtransparency. But most Asian government just don蒺t seem to understand the relationship betweenhigh costs and low competitiveness. Otherwise why would tariffs on agricultural imports be cripplingthe Korean and Japanese food processing

24、industries? The oligarchical nature of trucking in Malaysiaguarantees that high transport costs will drive business away.21. Asian economic growth was primarily based on cheap exports rather than high technology.22. Siemens is satisfied with Singapore蒺s low cost and will stay there all the time.23.

25、High rents and shortage of professionals became China蒺s disadvantage in Business.24. The importance of location is weakened by technology and communication innovations.25. Most Asian government learned from Singapore to open markets and cut tariffs.非选择题部分注意事项:摇 摇 用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。三、将下列

26、中文词组译成英文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。26. 经济特区27. 出口配额制28. 消费品29. 批发商30. 贸易差额31. 服务部门32. 垄断浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 4 页(共 6 页)自考历年真题q/微信：34464733. 最惠国待遇34. 硬通货35. 经常项目四、将下列英语单词或词组译成中文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。36. market forces37. countertrade38. commercial hub39. intellectual property right40. brain trus

27、t41. austerity programmes42. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade43. discount rate44. countervailing duty45. dumping五、简答题:本大题共 6 小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分。Passage 1摇 摇 Once, when Japan faced pressure from abroad, it would either give in reluctantly or keep quietand hope that the fuss would die down. N

28、o longer it seems. America wants Japan to meet importtargets for some American goods, but far from capitulating to the thrust of American trade policy,Japan is taking a stand that could lead to a trans-Pacific confrontation. The annual white paper ontrade development published by the Ministry of Int

29、ernational Trade and Industry will reject theargument that Japan needs special trade sanctions. It is Japan蒺s persistent surplus, more thananything, that has provoked anger in Washington. This year the surplus has been growing fast. Withthe economy still barely growing, despite two fiscal packages i

30、n the past nine months, Japan蒺s criticssay that the country is once more exporting its way out of recession.46. Which word can “give in冶be replaced by?47. Explain “the fuss would die down冶.48. Paraphrase “exporting its way out of recession冶.Passage 2摇 摇The price of tin on the European spot market ro

31、se to 4,400 pounds per ton, reflectingwidespread production cuts in the world tin industry, at a two -day meeting in Indonesia, the浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 5 页(共 6 页)自考历年真题q/微信：344647association of tin-producing countries, whose members represent 70 percent of world tin output,decided to strengthen the

32、ir co-operation in a bid to stabilize tin prices and to call on the UnitedStates to limit sales of tin from its strategic stockpile. Platinum progressed at the outset on concernabout strike action in South African mines but quickly fell victim to profit-taking as work resume.49. What is “strategic s

33、tockpile冶?50. What does “progress冶 mean in the context?51. What is profit-taking in business?六、翻译题:本大题 12 分。52. 摇 摇 Commerce among nations entered a modern era; the constrained trading between imperialpowers and their colonies began to break down. World markets opened to all countries, andmultilater

34、al trade flourished. Generally, a country could sell its goods in the best market it couldfind and buy what is needed from the least expensive supplier. Moreover, since currencies wereconvertible, most transactions could be completed with cash. Barter was as antiquated as thehorse鄄soldier. During th

35、e past few years, however, the international monetary system has begunto strain under a variety of economic changes. One important cause is the enormous burden ofdebt carried by Third World countries. A professor at Harvard University says,“The plain fact isthat many countries are broken. 冶浙 00096#

36、外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 6 页(共 6 页)自考历年真题q/微信：344647绝密绎启用前2020 年 8 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试外刊经贸知识选读试题答案及评分参考(课程代码摇 00096)一、单项选择题:本大题共 15 小题,每小题 2 分,共 30 分。1. A2. C3. B4. B5. D6. C7. D8. A9. C10. B11. D12. C13. B14. D15. C二、正误判断题:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 2 分,共 20 分。16. B17. A18. A19. B20. A21. A22. B23. A24. A25. B三、将下列中文词组译成英文:

37、本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。26. The Special Economic Zone27. export quota system28. consumer goods29. wholesaler30. trade balance31. the service sector32. monopolize33. most鄄favored nation treatment34. hard currency35. current account四、将下列英文单词或词组译成中文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。36. 市场力量37. 对等贸易(反向贸易)38.

38、 商业活动中心39. 知识产权40. 智囊团41. 紧缩计划42. 关贸总协定43. 贴现率44. 反补贴税45. 倾销五、简答题:本大题共 6 小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分。Passage 146. surrender or yield47. nervous activities become weaker48. get through the recession by exporting外刊经贸知识选读试题答案及评分参考 第 1 页(共 2 页)自考历年真题q/微信：344647Passage 249. Strategic stockpile is the stock for fut

39、ure use when faced with extremely difficult situations.50. Price goes up.51. to profit in a price fluctuation on an exchange by selling what one has bought at a lower pricewhen the price goes up.六、翻译题:本大题 12 分。52. 国家间商贸进入了新的纪元; 帝国主义列强及其殖民地间的强制性贸易开始崩溃。(2 分)世界市场向所有国家开放,多边贸易开始繁荣。 (2 分)一般来说,一个国家可以在其能找到的最有利的市场上销售其货物,也能从最廉价的供应商那里购得它所相应的货物。 (2 分)而且,因为货币可以兑换,大部分交易可以用现金支付,易货贸易就像骑兵一样时过境迁了。 (2 分)然而, 在过去的几年里,国家货币体系在种种经济变化影响下,开始承受着巨大的压力。 (2 分) 一个重要的原因是第三世界国家的巨大债务负担。 哈佛大学一位教授说:“显而易见,许多国家都已经破产了。冶 (2 分)外刊经贸知识选读试题答案及评分参考 第 2 页(共 2 页)自考历年真题q/微信：344647