自考00015英语（二）高频主观题汇总.pdf

1、目录第一章 完型补文.1第二章 短文写作.2第三章 语法积累.6自考押题 vx 344647 公众号/小程序 顺通考试资料1第一章 完型补文第一章 完型补文节知识点名称主观题完型补文题目要求该部分要求考生在通读一篇约 150 词短文（被删除 10 个单词）的基础上，将与空白处对应的提示词转换成适当的词汇形式填入文中， 使短文意义完整、语法正确。解题步骤1）利用语法知识，初次判断空处缺少的成分.2）结合句子含义，确定空处应填写的词性。考查点1）动词的第三人称单数2）动词的过去式、过去分词形式3）动词的现在分词形式4）名词的单复数形式5）形容词与副词的变换总体考查词的派生和屈折变化。总体考查词的派

2、生和屈折变化。真题演练【2019 年 10 月真题】Learning From MistakesLots of people dare not make mistakes (mistake). They fear they will belaughed at or(blame) by others. They fear they will lose their money and(belonging) or be under heavy stress. But risks are(possible) to avoid andthey do pave the way towards succes

3、s. Have you ever(hear) of anyonewho achieves success without making any mistakes?So it is only(nature) that making mistakes should be considered amust. You shouldnt worry about that as you(probable) get lots ofadvantages out of your mistakes. By making mistakes, you can at least distinguishbetween t

4、he correct and the(correct) parts of what you did. RobertStevenson once said: “Our business in life is not to be(success), but tocontinue to fail in good spirits.You neednt worry about anything as long as you keep on going by(wise) learning from your mistakes and(try) even harder.1、答案:blamed解析：and 连

5、接相同的句子成分。空格处与前面的 laughed at 并列。所以此处缺少动词。be+动词过去分词形式表示被动。所以变 blame 为 blamed。这是屈折变化。句意：他们害怕会被别人嘲笑或指责。2、答案:belongings解析：此处缺少名词。and 是并列连词，前后连接的语法内容具有一致性。所以此处应填名词与 money 保持一致。 belonging： 附属物， 所有物。 belongings：财产。所以变 belonging 为复数 belongings。这是屈折变化。句意：他们担心自己会失去金钱和财产，或者承受很大压力。3、答案:impossible解析：此处缺少形容词。空格前是系

6、动词 are，后面是不定式作表语，根据语境判断应该是“不可能的”。所以要把 possible 变成 impossible，是派生。句意：但是风险是无法避免的，它们确实为成功铺平了道路。4、答案:heard解析：此处缺少动词。have+动词过去分词构成现在完成时。所以变 hear 为自考押题 vx 344647 公众号/小程序 顺通考试资料2heard。这是屈折变化。句意：你有没有听说过一个成功了而没有犯过错误的人？5、答案:natural解析： 此处缺少形容词。 It is+形容词+that 从句是一种常见句型。 所以变 nature为形容词 natural，这是派生。句意：所以很自然地，在你

7、努力实现梦想的过程中犯错是必须的。6、答案:probably解析：此处缺少副词。本句句子成分完整，空格后面是动词 get，这里要把probable 变为 probably，这是派生。句意：你不应该担心这个，因为你可能从你的错误中得到很多好处。7、答案:incorrect解析：此处缺少形容词。and 是并列连词，前后连接的语法内容具有一致性。所以此处应填形容词。但是 distinguish between Aand B：区别 A 与 B。所以根据句意， 应该是区别正确的跟错误的。 所以变 correct 为其反义词 incorrect，这是派生。句意：通过犯错误，你至少可以区分你所做的正确和错误

8、的部分。8、答案:successful解析：此处缺少形容词。空格前是不定式 to be，这里应该填一个形容词。所以要把名词 success 变为形容词 successful，这是派生。句意：罗伯特斯蒂文森曾经说过:“我们生活中的事业不是要成功，而是要乐观地继续失败。”9、答案:wisely解析：此处缺少副词。learning 是动词，需要副词修饰。所以变 wise 为副词形式 wisely，这是派生。句意：只要你不断地明智地从错误中吸取教训，并且更加努力，你就不必担心任何事情。10、答案:trying解析：此处缺少动名词。and 连接相同的句子成分。空格处应该和前面的learning 保持一致

9、。所以要把 try 变为动名词 trying，这是派生。句意：只要你不断地明智地从错误中吸取教训，并且更加努力，你就不必担心任何事情。第第二二章章 短文短文写作写作节知识点名称主观题1. 应用应用作作文文短文写作基本要求应用文写作，包括介绍信，道歉信，感谢信，祝贺信，邀请信，申请信，建议信，咨询信， 投诉信等。请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。写作思路第一步：Dear.（不认识的用 Mr/Mdm；认识的直接称呼名字，Dear 顶头写）。第二步： 正文。（一般可先自己的近况或心情， 如 “I am very glad to hear fromyou”之类， 然后正文是你

10、的主要内容，正文每段开头都顶头写。书信内容和细节的内在逻辑为时间顺序 或者因果顺序。 一般需要自己根据题目意思适当自由发挥。）第三步：说 Hope to hear from you soon 或 Im looking forward to you 之类的结束，顶头写第四步：写 yours sincerely,Best Regards 等，顶头写第五步：签名，顶头写（以上格式成为齐头式，即左边全部对齐，比较方3便记忆。）范文示例【2017 年 4 月真题】短文写作请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。并将短文写在答题纸相应的位置上。假设你暑假参加了你所在社区组织的义工(vo

11、lunteer)活动。请给你的美国朋友 Tom 写一封英文电子邮件，与他分享你的感想。内容包括：1.你做了什么义工工作2.你认为做义工的意义是什么3.请以 Li Ke 署名答案：Dear Tom,During the past summer vacation, our community organized a volunteeractivity. I was fortunate enough to be selected as a volunteer in 2010 ShanghaiEXPO, and it was really an unforgettable experience. Al

12、though the volunteerwork was difficult and dull, I still felt very happy because it offered me a goodopportunity to help visitors from foreign countries. Therefore, it can helppractice my oral English. I also enhanced my rationality through the volunteerwork. I worked with other volunteers as a team

13、 and we solved differentproblems together. Through the whole program, I have learned a lot fromothers. In the end, we became good friends. I am proud of myself and surely Iwill treasure this experience.Yours,Li Ke解析：本文是一封电子邮件。写作点拨：重点句型：重点句型：It offered me a good opportunity to .It can help .重点词组或短语：重

14、点词组或短语：volunteer： 志愿者an unforgettable experience： 难忘的经历opportunity： 机会rationality：理性treasure：珍惜2.议论文议论文题目特点题目给出两种观点，任选一种，写一篇 120 字左右的文章。范文示例请根据要求撰写一篇 120 词左右的英语短文。It is very common that people keep pets, such as dogs and birds. Do you thinkits a good idea for people to keep pets？Give your opinions a

15、nd support withreasons.答案:4Nowadays many people like raising pets, such as dogs, cats, birds, etc.Actually, it is good to keep pets because pets can play with the young andaccompany the old.Researches also show that living with a pet helps to soothe peoplespressure and distress and even decreases th

16、e possibility of getting heartdiseases.However, many are against living together with animals. They argue thatpets are easily infected by diseases, which may pass on to humans.Whats more, the unpleasant smell and waste caused by pets are a resourceof environmental pollution.In my opinion, keeping pe

17、ts brings joy to our life. But to avoid potentialrisks and troubles, we have to make sure that our pets are properly vaccinatedand their behaviors are under control.解析：本文是一篇观点型文章。写作点拨：1.文章主题人们是否应该养宠物。2.第一段提出论题，表明观点：现在很多人都喜欢养宠物，比如狗、猫、鸟等等。实际上，养宠物很好，因为宠物可以和年轻人一起玩，也可以陪老年人玩。3.第二段写出养宠物的好处：研究还表明，与宠物一起生活有助于

18、减轻人们的压力和痛苦，甚至降低患心脏病的可能性。4.第三段写反对的原因：然而，许多人反对与动物一起生活。他们认为宠物很容易感染疾病，这些疾病可能会传染给人类。5.第四段继续论述反对原因：此外，宠物产生的难闻气味和粪便也是环境污染的来源。6.综上所述，表明看法，得出最后结论：在我看来，养宠物给我们的生活带来快乐。但是为了避免潜在的风险和麻烦，我们必须确保我们的宠物正确接种疫苗，并且控制他们的行为。重点句型：重点句型：It is good to.Researches show that.Many are against.They argue that.重点词组或短语：重点词组或短语：play wi

19、th：同.一起玩be infected by：被感染pass on to：传给，传递whats more：而且in my opinion：依我看来under control：被控制住3.情景作文情景作文题目特点题目给出背景，提出一种现象，要求描述自己的观点5范文示例【2019 年 4 月真题】短文写作请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。并将短文写在答题纸相应的位置上。 某英文报社正在举办题为“Live a HealthyLife” 的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征，内容包括：什么是健康的生活方式？你是怎么做到的？答案：参考范文Live a Healthy Lif

20、eNowadays, an increasing number of people start paying attention tohealth, both mentally and physically. Living a healthy life means your bodyfunctions well and you will be in good spirits. I usually do the following things,keeping a healthy diet, jogging, getting enough sleep and listening to music

21、. Allthese things will make me relaxed and be more energetic.When I was young, I did not like running at all because I was quite fat.But a physical education teacher changed my opinion and brought me a newworld. He tried to encourage me to start jogging and help me to lose weight.Later, I enjoy jogg

22、ing by myself every day. While jogging, I will listen to somerelaxing music and get my body move. Once a habit is developed, your mindswill urge you to keep it and that will benefit you little by little. Surprisingly, Ihave got a healthy life.To live a healthy life, you need to be more perseverant a

23、nd focused. Ihope that everyone can develop a healthy lifestyle that will benefit them a lot.解析：本文是一篇征文。写作点拨：写作点拨：1. 首先确定作文主题Live a Healthy Life。2. 根据题目中所给两点提示，首段先引出主题。然后阐述自己对健康生活的定义，列出自己平时的健康生活习惯。3. 第二段主要讲述自己是如何养成这种生活习惯的。可以用一个小故事来加以阐述，使文章内容充实。4. 第三段作为结尾，要鼓励大家养成健康生活习惯，提出自己的期许，让文章更有感染力。重点词组或短语：重点词组或短

24、语：an increasing number of people：越来越多的人pay attention to：注意be in good spirits：兴高采烈；精神状态好try to do sth.：试着做某事encourage sb. to do sth.：鼓励某人做某事短文写作句型汇总句型汇总常用逻辑连To begin with, 首先6接词Additionally,此外Further,再者Moreover,此外Last but not least,最后但不是不重要Firstly,第一Secondly,第二Thirdly,第三Finally最后表达重要性的句型is indispensa

25、ble in our daily life 在我们的日常生活中是不可或缺的is of great importance 非常重要is of great significance 意义重大is crucial 至关重要plays a crucial part in 在这方面起着关键作用plays a important role in 在这方面起着重要的作用积极消极影响句型 has a positive impact on积极影响 has a negative impact on消极影响 does good to 对.有好处 does harm to 对.有害处表达原因的句型The reason

26、 why I fancy so much is that 我非常喜欢.的原因是.The reason why I deem(认为) is of great importance is that我认为.非常重要是因为.This is likely due to the fact that 这可能是因为.这一事实One of the benefits for is that .的好处之一是.举例的句型It should be noted that 值得注意的是.It can be argued that 可以被讨论的是.It can be suggested that 可以建议.For insta

27、nce, 比如，.An example for that would be 这一点的例子可能是.One thing to be pointed out is that需要指出的一件事是.第第三三章章 语法积累语法积累知识点名称内容常用并列结构1 and, or 和，或者2 as well as 也3 not . but 不是.而是4 not only. but also 不仅.而且5 both and 两者都6 neither . nor 既不.也不7 either or 或者.或者8 prefer. 更喜欢.9 would rather do than do 宁愿做.也不愿做.10 rath

28、er than 而不是一般现在时基本结构am/are/do (动词原形） 第 三 人 称+s、is否定结构7时态am/are/is not dont/doesnt do疑问形式am/are/is 放 句首 do/does 放句首时间状语always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month),once a week例句：I eat an apple every day.一般过去时基本结构was/were; 动词过去式否定结构was/were not didnt +do疑问形式was/were 放句 首 did 放句首时间状

29、语ago, yesterday,last week (year, night, month), in 1989, just now, atthe age of 5, one day, long long ago例句I ate an apple yesterday.一般将来时基本结构am/are/is going to do; will/shall do否定结构am/is/are not going will/shall not疑问形式am/are/is 放 句首 will/shall 放句首时间状语tomorrow, next day (week, month, year),soon, in

30、a few minutes,by,in the future例句I will eat an apple tomorrow.现在进行时基本结构am/are/is doing否定结构am/is/are + not+doing疑问形式am/is/are 放句首时间状语now, at this time, these days例句I am eating an apple now.基本结构was/were doing否定结构was/were + not + doing8过去进行时疑问形式was/were 放句首时间状语at this time yesterday, at that time； when/

31、while 从句例句I was eating an apple this time yesterday.现在完成时基本结构have/has done否定结构have not/has not+done疑问形式Have/Has 放句首时间状语recently, lately, since( 后 跟 一 般 过 去 时)， for+一段时间,over/in the past few years，already，yet , so far例句I have ate apples for a week过去完成时基本结构had done否定结构had not+done疑问形式Had 放句首时间状语before

32、, by the end of last year (term, month)例句I had ate 80 apples until last Sunday.时态中动词的变化规律一般现在时动词第三人称单数变化规则。1) 一般情况 +s：playplays2) 以 s、x、ch、sh 和 o 结尾 +es：gogoes3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i +es：studystudies4) 特殊情况不规则：havehas一般过去时1) +ed：wantwanted, workworked2) 以不发音的 e 结尾的在词尾加 d。如：likeliked, livelived3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母(r/y/x 除外）结尾的重读闭音节动词，先 双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先把 y 变成 i，再加-ed。如：studystudied5) 不规则变化