初中英语语法—代词25张课件.pptx

1、代词代词一、代词的定义一、代词的定义 代词是代替名词及其名词作用的短语及句子的词。代词是代替名词及其名词作用的短语及句子的词。什么是代词？什么是代词？ittheythatsomeherhimselfneitherothersa little二、代词的分类及用法二、代词的分类及用法 人称代词是用来指人或物的代词，人称代词有人称代词是用来指人或物的代词，人称代词有主主格、宾格格、宾格。主格。主格作作主语和表语，宾语主语和表语，宾语作作宾语，一般用宾语，一般用来做动词或介词的宾语。来做动词或介词的宾语。1.1.人称代词放在人称代词放在动词、介词动词、介词后面作宾语时，一定要用其后面作宾语时，一定要用

2、其宾格宾格形式。形式。2.2.当几个不同的人称代词作主语，排列顺序通常是：当几个不同的人称代词作主语，排列顺序通常是： 单数为：单数为：youyou，he/she and I he/she and I 即你、他即你、他/ /她、我（二她、我（二三一人称单数顺序）三一人称单数顺序） 复数为：复数为：we,you and they we,you and they 即我们、你们、他们即我们、你们、他们 / /她她们（一二三人称复数顺序）们（一二三人称复数顺序）A.人称代词人称代词 物主代词是用来表示物主代词是用来表示所有人与物的关系的所有人与物的关系的。1.1.分类分类 2.2.用法用法 形容词性物

3、主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用；名形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用；名词性物主代词用来代替名词。词性物主代词用来代替名词。区别：名词性物主代词区别：名词性物主代词= =形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+ +名词名词 人称人称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数复数复数形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性 my ouryour your his her its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs B.B.物主代词物主代词 反身代词指动作反射到反身代词指动作反射

4、到动作执行者本身动作执行者本身或进行或进行强强调调，一般用来做动词或介词的宾语，表示动作返回到，一般用来做动词或介词的宾语，表示动作返回到动作执行者本身，即主语和宾语是指同一人或物，或动作执行者本身，即主语和宾语是指同一人或物，或者指同一些人或物。者指同一些人或物。常与反身代词连用的动词有常与反身代词连用的动词有enjoy,dress，hurt，help，teach及介词及介词by,in,for,of等等. . 人称人称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimself the

5、mselvesherself itself C.C.反身代词反身代词 过得愉快过得愉快 自学自学 请随便吃请随便吃 自言自语自言自语 独自独自 伤了某人自己伤了某人自己 不要客气不要客气 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 照顾自己照顾自己 enjoy oneself learn- by / teach oneself help oneself to sth. say to oneself by oneself hurt oneself make oneself at home lose oneself in dress oneself look after oneself2.2.反身

6、代词常见固定搭配反身代词常见固定搭配1.Jackie Chen won an Oscar after _ 56-year-old long career in the film industry.A.heB.him C.his D.himself 2.After chatting happily with the new student in my class,I gave her my QQ number and she gave me _.A.she B.hers C.her D.herself3.Everyone makes mistakes in his or her life.The

7、 important thing is not to repeat _.A.itB.herC.himD.them4.Andyis not _ today. Whats wrong? He was caught in the rain this morning and doesnt feel well now.A.himself B.heC.himD.his5.The Rio 2016 Olympic torch(火炬火炬) began _ 95-day journey in Brazil on May 3rd. A.itB.itsC.itsD.itself练一练练一练CBDABD.D.指示代词

8、指示代词 定义：专门用来指人或物的一类代词，称为指示代词。定义：专门用来指人或物的一类代词，称为指示代词。这类词有：这类词有：this,that,those,these,such,some,it。用法？用法？用于指代前面讲过的或者后面将要讲到的事物。用于指代前面讲过的或者后面将要讲到的事物。this,these 较近较近that,those 较远较远it的用法的用法例句例句1.This is not my book.It is Jims.2.Whats this? -Its a pencil.3.Somwone is knocking at the door.Please go and see

9、 who it is.4.Whats the time now? -Its ten oclock.5.Whats the weather like today? -Its sunny. 6.How far is it from your school to your home?指代前面提到过的事物指代前面提到过的事物用来代替指示代词用来代替指示代词thisthis或或thatthat指婴儿或不明身份的人指婴儿或不明身份的人指时间或季节指时间或季节指天气指天气指距离指距离It is + adj. (+for/of sb.) +to do sth. Its ones turn to do sth.

10、 Its time (for sb.) to do sth./for sth.Its said that It takes sb. some time to do sth.It is/has been+ 时间段时间段 + since + 从句从句(过去时过去时)It seems that . 看起来好像看起来好像It seems that he is quite happy.Its +adj.+that 从句从句Its necessary that you should be present at the meeting.7.7.作形式主语作形式主语, ,常用于下列句型中常用于下列句型中8、作

11、形式宾语、作形式宾语某人发现某人发现/认为认为/感觉到做某事是感觉到做某事是的的 find sb. think feel9、用在强调句型、用在强调句型“It is /was +被强调部分被强调部分+that /who +其他成分其他成分”中中 It was in the park that Tom lost his watch. + it + adj. to do it, one, that 作代词的区别作代词的区别(1) I have many books. Which_ do you like?(2) The book is mine. _ is very interesting.(3)T

12、he weather in Beijing is much colder than_in Hainan.例如例如:it指上文提到过的事物，同类且同物。指上文提到过的事物，同类且同物。one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同物。泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同物。that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。oneItthat1.My star sign is Virgo and my characteristics are similar to_ described in that book.A.themB.tha

13、t C.it D.those 2.Do you think _ acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house.A.it B.that C.this D.its3.The population of our city has increased _ 40%,compared with _ of 3 years ago.A.by;thatB.to;thoseC.with;onesD.of;it4.This bookon idoms is interesting.Id like

14、 _ . Where did you buy it? -In the bookstore near my home. A.it B.thisC.thatD.one5.A new study shows that shouting at children may have results that go beyond _ of beating them. A.itB.thoseC.onesD.that练一练练一练DAADB 主主 格格宾格宾格所有格所有格指人指人who whomwhose指物指物 whatwhose指人或指人或物物 whichwhoseE.疑问代词疑问代词(连接代词连接代词 )F

15、.关系关系代词代词that,which,who,whom,whose,asG.不定代词不定代词1)定义：定义：2)种类种类： 英语中不定代词有：英语中不定代词有：some (something,somebody,someone,somewhere）,any (anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere),no (nothing,nobody,no one),every(everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere),all,each,both,much,many,(a) little,(a) few,other(s),another,n

16、one,one,either,neither 不定代词是不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。的代词。 不定代词是英语所有代词中不定代词是英语所有代词中最重要最重要的一类，也是英语的一类，也是英语考试中最常考的一类，应注意以下几点：考试中最常考的一类，应注意以下几点：1.some和和any的比较的比较 2.指两者和三者的不定代词。指两者和三者的不定代词。注注：each (常与常与of连用连用) 做做主谓用单，主谓用单， 强调强调个体个体every(形容词形容词)+单数名词单数名词作主谓语用单，强调作主谓语用单，强调整体整体两两者或以上的每一个者或以上的每

17、一个人或物人或物三三者或以上每一个人或物者或以上每一个人或物 注意：在表示注意：在表示请求、邀请或征求意见请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常的句子中，通常要用要用some而不用而不用any。 用于用于两者：两者：both,either,neither。 用于三者：用于三者：all,any,none,every3.(a) few 与与 (a) little 当前面由当前面由only 修饰，常用修饰，常用 a few或或 a little .a little 可表示可表示“有点，稍微有点，稍微”肯定肯定否定否定可数名词复数可数名词复数a few一些一些few几乎没有几乎没有不可数名词不可数名词a

18、little一点儿一点儿little几乎没有几乎没有eg : Would you please buy some salt for me,Tony?There is little left.4.other,the other,another,others,the others 的用法的用法意义意义用法用法other另外的另外的常与复数名词连用，但如果前面有常与复数名词连用，但如果前面有the，this，that，some，any，no，one，my，your，his等则可与单数名词或不可数名词连用。等则可与单数名词或不可数名词连用。the other两者中的两者中的另一个另一个常与常与one连

19、用，构成连用，构成“one.the other.”，作，作定语修饰复数名词时，表示定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的部分其余的部分”。others泛指泛指别的别的人或物人或物泛指泛指别的人或物（但别的人或物（但不是全部不是全部），不能作），不能作定语；常与定语；常与some连用，构成连用，构成“some.others”。the others特指特指其余其余的人或物的人或物是是the other 的复数形式，的复数形式，特指特指其余所有其余所有的的人或物。人或物。another另一个另一个指指三者或三者以上三者或三者以上的另一个的另一个1.There are fifty students in C

20、lass One.Twenty of them are boys;_ are girls.A.the otherB.the others C.others D.another 2.I turned to bookshops and libraries looking for information and found _ .A.none B.both C.one D.neither3.Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. -That is ,it is larger than _ country in

21、 Asia.A.anyB.any otherC.otherD.another4._ of money will go to the Red Cross to help those who need help. A.Many B.MuchC.A littleD.A few5. Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is _ . A.otherB.the otherC.anotherD.others练一练练一练BAABC 指指人人 肯定句肯定句 someone somebody否定或疑问句否定或疑问句 anyone anyb

22、ody通用通用 everyone everybody no one nobody指指物物肯定句肯定句 something 否定或疑问句否定或疑问句 anything通用通用 everything nothing2. 复合不定代词复合不定代词 no one,nobody,none,的用法的用法no one与与nobody用法相似，均只用于指人不用于指用法相似，均只用于指人不用于指物，且其后物，且其后不能接不能接ofof短语短语，用作主语时谓语单数；，用作主语时谓语单数；none既可用于既可用于指人也可用于指物，其后通常指人也可用于指物，其后通常接接ofof短短语语，用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓

23、语只能用单，用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指复数名词，则谓语可用单数（较正式）也数，若指复数名词，则谓语可用单数（较正式）也可用复数（用于非正式文体）。可用复数（用于非正式文体）。Exercises（自我检测题自我检测题）1.Though it rained heavily, _ were still playing on the playground.A. they B. them C. their D. themselves 2 . He thought_a little difficult to work out this maths problem.A. there B

24、. it C. this D. that3. Sorry I have forgotten _ telephone number.A. yours B. him C. you D. his4-_ is your sister? -She is a nurse. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who5. _ one do you like, the blue one or the red one? A. What B. Which C. That D. This ABDAB 6. They all lost _ in the beautiful music. A. the

25、m B. themselves C. their D. theirs 7. Listen to me. I have_ to tell you. A. anything new B. something new C. new something D. nothing new 8. -Are these two books interesting? -Yes, _ of them are interesting. A. both B. all C. either D. neither9. Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?

26、 -_, thanks. I think Ill just have a glass of water.A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either 10.The film isnt interesting. _ people like it.A. Few B. A little C. A few D. Little BBABA11.-Wow! What a nice computer! -My parents bought it for my sister and me. Its_.A.ours B. hers C. mine D. theirs12. The o

27、ld woman kept one black dog and two white _.A. one B. ones C. those D. those13.-She is too busy to help us finish the work. -Lets do it _. A.herself B. myself C. ourselves D. itself14. The students were all tired, but _of them stopped to have a rest. A. none B. each C. either D. neither15. There are many trees on _side of the street. A. either B. both C. all D. everyABAAA