Unit 1 Using languages(Basic sentence structures) ppt课件-（2019）新外研版高中英语必修第一册.pptx

1、20212021级英语初高中衔接级英语初高中衔接简单句简单句的基本句型的基本句型英语句子的种类英语句子的种类( (按结构）按结构）简单句简单句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)复合句复合句 (complex sentence)主主语语谓谓语语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Vt（及物动词及物动词）系动词Vi（不及物动词不及物动词）简单句（Simple Sentences） 就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子。 英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了。2.A cr

2、ane eats fish.3.A swan has a long thin neck.4.A swallow has a forked tail. 1.A golden eagle is flying.Subject(主语)S 动作发出者Verb（谓语）V 动作本身Direct Object（宾语）DO 动作承受者1. S + V 主语主语+谓语谓语 主谓结构主谓结构2. S + V + O 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语Vi 不及物动词 后面没有宾语Vt 及物动词 后面必须有宾语S+VS+V和和S+V+OS+V+O的注意事项的注意事项1.They are running.2.Jim can

3、draw.3.The baby pandas drink milk.4.We will read English.run / draw vi.(不及物 动词）drink / read vt.（及物动词）注意: 1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态：进行时；情态动词；现在时； 以及将来时2. 在句中先找主语 subject 再找谓语部分如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志 1. S + V2. S + V + OWhat do the baby pandas drink?What will we read?3. 如果对宾语提问使用疑

4、问词what. 1. 动词 + to do: learn / prepare / would like / need / have / try / want / hope / plan / agree / choose / decide 这就是我们常见的 动词+ to do 句型2. 动词 + doing sth: mind / finish / practise 这就是我们常见的 动词+ doing 句型3. 动词 + 宾语从句: think / believe/ be sure / be afraid /say / know / find The government wants to p

5、rotect the endangered birds.SVOI will finish doing homework soon.SVOI think that you can do the job.SVOI like the golden eagle.It has a hooked beak.It looks strong.It is lovely.SSSSVVlinking verbs(系动词)DODOP（表语)PredicativeV1. S + V(lv) + P 主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语系动词表语表语表语:表示表示主语主语是什么是什么(身份身份)或或者者怎么样怎么样(处于处于

6、什么状态什么状态)be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /是是/好象好象(似似乎乎)是是/保持保持look / feel / taste / smell / sound / 看看/感觉感觉/尝尝/闻闻/听听起来起来(上去上去)become / turn / get / grow / 变得变得常见的连系动词常见的连系动词 1. 表示表示感觉感觉的动词的动词5个个- 翻译为翻译为 “起来起来” feel感到感到 excited; smell good; taste delicious; sound interesting; look happy2. 表示表示变

7、化变化的动词：有固定的搭配的动词：有固定的搭配 get smaller; grow older; become stronger; turn yellow; go bad; come true3. 表示表示状态保持状态保持的动词：的动词： stay healthy; keep warm; remain保持保持 be (am, is. are, was, were)是是 ；seem 似乎似乎必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。 1 The man is in the park.2 He looks kind.3 He is a kind man.4 The singin

8、g of birds sounds beautiful.5 The world will become better.lvlvlvlvlvP（介词短语）P（adj）P(adj)P（n名词短语）P(adj形容词比较级)表语 P成分可以是形容词，名词，介词短语 (形名介)1. She often laughs.2. She is laughing now. 3. She will laugh soon.4. She is singing happily.5. She is singing a song.6. She is a singer. She is happy.(S + V+O)(S + V

9、)(S + V)(S + V)(S + V)区分进行时态和SVP中lv是be动词的情况注意: 1 现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构有区别:关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形名介).(S + V+P)Happily adv修饰动词sing via song 是名词做宾语 sing vta singer 名词表语 happy 形容词表语一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时谓语(V)具有各种不同时态We call the man “David”.a zookeeperSVDOOC(宾补)Object ComplementSVDOOCSVDOOCI make him angry.He tel

10、ls us to protect the birds.David S + V + DO + OC 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补We call the manDavidDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词 S + V + DO + OC 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型the manis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系David此处为 名词作宾补可接名词宾补的动词有call / elect / name / findI makehimangryDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和O

11、C中间可否加be动词 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾宾补Heis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系此处为 形容词作宾补可接形容词宾补的动词有keep / make / find angryWe often find himin the zooDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系此处为 介短作宾补可接 介短宾补的动词有keep / see / notice / findin the zooHe tellsusto protect th

12、e birdsDOOC1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况就是我们常见的 动词+ sb + to do 词组 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补此处为 带to的动词不定式做宾补He tells us to protect the birds.常见的可接带to不定式宾补的动词有： tell, ask, want, would like, wish, teach, invite V + O + OC (V sb to do sth)My deskmate often makes me laugh.常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有：一感二听三让五看” fee

13、l,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observeV + O + OC (V sb do sth)He keeps me waiting.常见的可接动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：keep 和 see, hear, feel, watch, findV + O + OC (V sb doing sth) I often hear David sing when I stay at home, but yesterday I was very angry because I heard h

14、im singing in his room at midnight.感官类动词用动词原形和动词感官类动词用动词原形和动词-ing形式做宾补、含义不同形式做宾补、含义不同Can you hear someone playing basketball next door?V sb doing sthHe spoke loudly to make himself heard.常见的可接常见的可接动词动词-ed形式形式作宾补的动词有：作宾补的动词有：have, make, get, see, hear, feel, watch, find V + O + OC (V sb done)He came

15、home at midnight and found his money stolen.V sb done1 I find you clever.2 We will make our country stronger and stronger.3 They can keep the zoo clean.4 Parents wish their children to study hard.5 We often make the teachers help us.DODODODODOOC (adj)OC 形容词 比较级OC adjOC to do 不定式OC 动词原形常考的主谓宾补句型：一个非常

16、特殊的句型一个非常特殊的句型I found it interesting to learn English.SVDOOCDO形式宾语真正宾语动词（动词（make / feel / find / consider / think)+ it + 宾补宾补 + 真正宾语真正宾语I felt it useful to learn English. we can give some food.the birdsSVDO（直接宾语) Direct objectIO(间接宾语)Indirect ObjectHe tells me some rules. IOVSDOsb.Sth. S + V + IO +

17、DO 主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型I passHe boughthima bookhis sona present.IODOIODOtofor双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for S + V + IO + DO 主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语加to: bring / give / offer / pass/ show / sell / tell / send / lend / return / hand加for: buy / choose / draw / make / order / paint / sing / save 3. Many boys a

18、re running.1. I feel excited.4. He gave Tom a present.5. I find it interesting.6. Music sounds beautiful.7. I am a student.8. She bought a pen for me.9. I saw her dance.2. They are watching TV.主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语主语+谓语（及）+宾语主语+谓语（不及物）主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型

19、主 +谓 + 宾+宾补10. I call him LiHua. 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补说出句子所属的基本句型11. She spoke very softly. 12. He bought a T-shirt. 13. Jay named his dog Bobby. 14. She looks lovely.主语+谓语（不及物）主语+谓语（及）+宾语主 +谓 + 宾+宾补主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1 We name our city Yangzhou.2 The students make Daniel monitor.3 Everyone should

20、 make the classroom clean.4 Millie found the movie very interesting.5 I left the book at home.6 They finally found the pen under the book.7 My teacher let the boy stand an hour.8 I heard him sing a song last night.9 I watch our team playing football.10 I heard him singing at 12 last night.11 My moth

21、er keeps me waiting an hour.12 We saw Kitty dancing at that moment.13 I would like/want you to do a bird count.14 Mr. Tang teaches me how to read a book.练习练习:下列句子分别属于哪一基本句型下列句子分别属于哪一基本句型?A . 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语B . 主语主语+谓语谓语C .主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语D .主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语E .主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语( )1.

22、 The flower smells sweet .( )2. I visited my teacher last Sunday .( )3. They are dancing .( )4. Mrs. Black helped his son brush his teeth .( )5. Jenny bought a watch for him.( )6. His mother sent him a new watch .( )7. I often hear her sing in the next room. ( )8. The girl opened the door .( )9. Mar

23、y and Lynn live in Taiyuan .( )10. She looks delighted.( )11. You should study hard .( )12. The children play football on the playground.A . 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语B . 主语主语+谓语谓语 C .主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语D .主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语E .主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 易考的混淆点 一 The food tastes _. S + V(lv) + P I will tast

24、e the food _ . S + V(Vt) + O His father looked _ . S+V(lv) + P His father looked _ (angry) at him. S + V(Vi+介词) + Odeliciouswellangryangrilyp 译为“起来”系动词。 p 有的词既可做实义动词也可做系动词(taste)。p 不及物/及物动词易考的混淆点 二1 The food tastes _.A good B well 2 We should stay _ during the earthquake.A calm B calmly 3 The young

25、boy becomes _.A more and more surprised adjB more and more surprisedly advC more and more surprise ngoodcalmAp 只有形容词、名词、介词短语才能做系动词后面的表语，要根据含义上确定动词是不是系动词。 Unit 1 A new start Using language Basic Sentence Structures新标准新标准英语英语高中必修第一册高中必修第一册Basic sentence structures011.Observe the sentences and find out

26、 what the sentence patterns are and write them down.Example: I saw a white-haired man.S （主）（主） V（谓）（谓） O（宾）（宾）1. . I had pictured it over and over again. 2. The campus was still quiet when I arrived. 3. With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 4. Im wondering what life is going to be like

27、here. 5. He gave me a smile. 6. Everyone started laughing. 7. It all depends on what you do. 8. His words made me a lot more relaxed. 主谓主谓 （SV) I replied. 主系表主系表(SLP) I was embarrassed.主谓宾主谓宾(SVO) I saw a white-haired man.主谓宾宾主谓宾宾(SVOO) He gave me a smile.主谓宾补主谓宾补(SVOC) His words made me a lot more

28、relaxed.主谓状主谓状(SVA) I breathed deeply.主谓宾状主谓宾状(SVOA) I looked at them in panic.(1)2.The five basic sentence structures: P5(2)(3)(4)(5)02Activity 1a a He was friendly. He was friendly.b b The exam made me quite nervous. The exam made me quite nervous. c c I passed him a book. I passed him a book. d d

29、 She agreed. She agreed. e e He wrote a long letter. He wrote a long letter. f f He talked loudly. He talked loudly.g g She looked after her sister She looked after her sister patiently.patiently.I saw a white-haired man. I saw a white-haired man. I r I re eplied. plied. He gave me a smile. He gave

30、me a smile. I breathed deeply. I breathed deeply. I looked at them in panic. I looked at them in panic. I I was embarrassed. was embarrassed. His words made me a lot His words made me a lot more relaxed! more relaxed! edcfgab Match the sentences that share the same structures. Look at the pictures a

31、nd tell the story with your own ending. See how many different basic sentence structures you can use.Activity 2 Page 51. A boy （Tom）was playing basketball in the classroom. (SVOA)What was the boy doing?Activity 2Tom Kate1. Tom was playing basketball in the classroom. (S V O A)2. The ball hit Kates M

32、P3 accidentally. (S V O A)3. It would make Kate very angry. (S V O OC) Tom broke Kates MP3 accidentally, and it would make Kate very angry. (并列句并列句) Tom broke Kates MP3 accidentally , which would make Kate very angry. (定从定从)What would Kate feel?The broken MP3 would make Kate very angry. (S V O OC)Ka

33、te would be angry. (S V P) Listen to the conversation and decide what the speakers are mainly talking about.Making a planActivity 51. The clubs they have joined and the activities they do after school.2. The things they should do to manage their time well.3. The challenges they face in their new sch

34、ool. Activity 6 Listen again and complete the plan.Listthe time (it takes)do one thing important thingsActivity 7 Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to discuss ideas for a weekend study plan for English.Student A: Turn to Page 81.Student B: Turn to Page 84.Activity 8 Work in pairs. Make another

35、 weekend plan and have a similar conversation.Language point03apply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用；vi.申请；请求；使用；专心致志(1)apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物apply to适用于apply sth.to sth.把某物应用(涂抹)于apply oneself to (be applied to)致力于/集中精力于(2)application n.申请(书)；用途(3)applicant n.申请人应试指导应试指导 申请类写作高频词汇申请类写作高频词汇(1)Apply some medic

36、ine to his wound.给他的伤口上点药吧。(2)Tom would do very well if only he applied himself.要是专心致志，汤姆会做得很好的。(1)单句语法填空The new technology，if (apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.His (apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.If the (apply) is not a true candidate for the job，do

37、 not interview him.The book doesnt apply beginners.More than 30 people applied the position.多维训练appliedapplicationapplicanttofor(2)同义句改写If you apply yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it. (用现在分词短语作状语改写) (用过去分词短语作状语改写)Applying yourself to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.Applied to the job in hand，youll soon finish it.The EndTHANKYOU