Unit 3 Back to the past 单元练习-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册.docx

1、UnitUnit 3 3BackBack toto thethe pastpast 单元单元练习练习第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe Friends of Charles DickensDickens was born in 1812. His father, a clerk in the navy pay office, wasthrown into debtors prison. The miserable treatment of childr

2、en and theinstitution of the debtors jail became topics of several of Dickenss novels.Wilkie Collins (18241889)Wilkie Collins was the son of the painter William Collins. He was born inLondon and lived in Italy and France as a child. Although twelve years youngerthan Dickens, Wilkie became one of Dic

3、kenss best friends. He was a popularnovelist who developed the mystery novel style.The Moonstoneis one of his best.He and Dickens wroteNo Thoroughfare.John Elliotson (17911868)Elliotson was Dickenss family doctor for many years and thus they becamegood friends. Elliotson was an early advocate for th

4、e use of the stethoscope (听诊器). He also believed in the use of acupuncture (针灸).Edgar Allan Poe (18091849)Poe was an American author best known for his poems and short fiction.TheFall of the House of UsherandThe Murders in the Rue Morgueare two of his mostpopular works. Dickens and Poes friendship b

5、egan in Philadelphia while Dickenswas on his first tour of the United States. They talked about literature andseemed to enjoy one anothers company. However,two years later Poe broke off therelationship because he was angry about an article on American poetry. The articlewas written by Thackeray, but

6、 Poe believed that Dickens was behind the article.William Makepeace Thackeray (18111863)William Makepeace Thackeray was a novelist. His best-known work isVanity Fair.He was also a friend of Charles Dickens. While Dickens and Thackeray were friends,the relationship wasnt always smooth. They had sever

7、al serious quarrels. Onequarrel involved Dickens siding with Edmund Yates after Yates insulted Thackeray.1.Who had taken care of Dickenss health for years?A.Collins.B.Poe.C.Elliotson.D.Thackeray.2.What broke Dickens and Poes friendship?A.A traffic accident.B.Their ideas about running companies.C.A p

8、oem written by Dickens.D.An article written by Thackeray.3.What is Thackerays most famous novel?A.Vanity Fair.B.The Moonstone.C.The Fall of the House of Usher.D.The Murders in the Rue Morgue.BA clever technologist took steamboat inventions and turned them into the firstcommercial steamboat service.A

9、lthough Robert Fulton did not invent the steamboat, as is commonly believed,he played an important role in making steamboat travel a reality. He was born inPennsylvania in 1765. As a young man, he set out to make his name as a portraitpainter. His career took him to Europe and into the orbit of peop

10、le with the powerto support him politically and financially.Fulton entered London society after he painted Benjamin Franklins portrait.While abroad, Fulton left the arts for a career in shipbuilding. He was interestedin the recently-invented steam engine, and thought it could be used to power ships.

11、Fultons vision was not original; many others had entered the field, and theunfortunate inventor John Fitch had built a working steamship already. But likeHenry Ford, Fultons talent lay not in the invention but in the productsapplication in the marketplace.Fulton didnt focus entirely on the steamboat

12、. In 1804, he tested the firstsubmarine successfully, which he had built for the British Royal Navy. Hisinvention would make him a celebrity upon his return to the United States twoyears later. Fultons partner Robert Livingston obtained an exclusive license forsteamboat services on New Yorks Hudson

13、River. It was time for Fulton to deliver.To build an efficient, reliable steamboat, Fulton used a special English steamengine. The ships bottom was flat and its stern was square. The steamboatClermont made its debut(首次亮相)on August 17, 1807, steaming up the river fromNew York to Albany, and it soon e

14、ntered commercial services. The hilly terrain ofNew York made water transport faster than land transport, and Fultons boatformerly known as the “North River Steamboat”was a hit. Within five years,Fulton would be running services on six major rivers plus the Chesapeake Bay, andbring in great profits.

15、4.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A.Henry Ford was as unfortunate as John Fitch.B.Henry Ford was talented in product application.C.Fulton left the arts as he couldnt support himself.D.Fulton was the first to create a working steamship.5.When did Fulton become a celebrity in the United States?A

16、.In 1804.B.In 1806.C.In 1807.D.In 1802.6.What is mentioned about Clermont?A.It operated for five years.B.It earned Fulton much money.C.It had an American steam engine.D.It was not accepted by people at first.7.Whats the best title of the text?A.Robert Fulton and His SteamboatB.Robert Fulton: A Great

17、 InventorC.Steamboats Changing Water TransportD.The History of Commercial SteamboatsCMotion pictures, also called films or movies, are series of still photographson the film projected in rapid succession(一连串) onto a screen by means of light.This new art form became one of the most popular and influe

18、ntial media of the 20thcentury and beyond. In early twentieth-century France, a new form of entertainmentwas becoming a hitmotion pictures. People crowded into theatres for silent,short, black-and-white films that showed everyday happenings, such as a trainpulling into a station. These images were d

19、imly projected onto white sheets.Usually, there was no sound. Occasionally, men at pianos played music to match thescenes.Later, with the introduction of colour and sound, the silent film soondisappeared. Colour and sound introduced a new world into the cinema and steadilygrew more effective. It can

20、 be used to produce a powerful dramatic impression.Moving images at theatres are now no longer novel, but back at the beginning ofthe art form, surprises lurked (潜伏) around every corner. During the initialshowings of basic silent movies, some people in the audience screamed in fear,reacting to what

21、they saw as if it were happening in real life. Moviegoers wereknown to even leap out of their seats due to the trains on the screen. At thattime, few people understood what motion pictures were, so audience members couldeasily be fooled.Today, people crowd into theatres for the latest 3D movies. Eve

22、n older movies,such as the popularStar Warsseries, are being re-released in 3D.Moviemakers areexcited about the ability to involve the audience more directly in the story orfilm. In addition, theatres invest tens of thousands of dollars on high-qualityaudio systems so that everything from the safest

23、 whispers to the largestexplosions sounds clear and realistic. Sound, dialogue, and music are used incombination not only with one another but also with the visual image. They canoverlap and vary in intensity in a flexible and complex pattern with those high-quality audio systems.What will movies be

24、 like 100 years from now? Will audience be able to smellscents in the films, taste the food that characters are eating, or even becomepart of the stories themselves? Only time will tell.8.What can we know about the motion pictures in early 20th-century France?A.They were in colour.B.They were the ma

25、in form of entertainment.C.They greatly appealed to people then.D.They often had background music.9.Why did the moviegoers leap out of their seats?A.Because the movies were too scary.B.Because they didnt see trains in real life.C.Because the old theaters were too crowded.D.Because audiences were unf

26、amiliar with the movies.10.Why do theatres spend a lot on high-quality audio systems?A.To re-release more old movies.B.To develop movie-making technologies.C.To improve moviegoers experience.D.To make the explosions safe.11.Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To explain how realistic mov

27、ies are today.B.To tell something about future movie plans.C.To introduce the history of movie technology.D.To compare movie theatres over the last century.DAccording to archaeological evidence, at least 5,000 years ago, and longbefore the rise of the Roman Empire, the Babylonians began to measure t

28、ime,introducing calendars mainly to regulate planting and harvesting. They based theircalendars on the cycles of the sun and the moon. Before the invention ofartificial light, the moon had greater social impact. For those living near theequator in particular, its changes were more noticeable than th

29、e passing of theseasons. So the calendars that were developed at lower latitudes were influencedmore by the lunar cycle than by the solar year. In more northern areas, however,where seasonal agriculture was practiced, the solar year became more vital.Centuries before the Roman Empire, the Egyptians

30、had developed a calendarhaving twelve months of thirty days, with five days added to approximate to thesolar year. They divided the day into twelve temporal or seasonal hours. Atemporal hour was one twelfth of the time from sunrise to sunset. Similarly, theydivided the night into twelve hours from s

31、unset to sunrise. These periods becameknown as temporal hours because their duration varied according to the changinglength of days and nights with the passing of the seasons. In the daytime, summerhours were long, and winter ones short. Temporal hours, which were first adoptedby the Greeks and then

32、 the Romans, who spread them through Europe, remained in usefor more than 2,500 years.In order to track temporal hours during the day, inventors created sundials(日晷). To keep time during the night, inventors designed another timekeepinginstrument called the water clock. One of the first water clocks

33、 was a basin witha small hole near the bottom through which the water fell in drops. The fallingwater level showed the passing hour as it dipped below hour lines cut on the innersurface. Although these instruments performed satisfactorily around theMediterranean, they could not always be depended on

34、 in the cloudy and oftenfreezing weather of northern Europe. As a result, generations of inventors puttheir efforts into designing all-weather, more accurate timekeeping instruments.12.The cycles of the sun had more influence on the ancient calendarsused.A.in more developed countriesB.in more southe

35、rn areasC.at higher latitudesD.near the equator13.Which of the following were the inventors of seasonal hours?A.The Babylonians.B.The Egyptians.C.The Greeks.D.The Romans.14.What was one of the disadvantages of the water clock?A.It was very expensive.B.It wasted too much water.C.It couldnt show the c

36、orrect time.D.It didnt work properly in icy weather.15.What is the text mainly about?A.The passing of the seasons.B.The invention of artificial light.C.The early history of timekeeping.D.The calendars used in Roman times.第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The St

37、ory of MusicHow did music begin? Did our early ancestors first start by beating thingstogether to create rhythm, or using their voices to sing? What types ofinstruments did they use?16The answers show that the history of music is, inmany ways, the history of humans.So, what is music?This is difficul

38、t to answer, as everyone has their own idea. “Sound thatconveys emotion” is what Jeremy Montagu of the University of Oxford and author ofthe article describes.17If we take singing, then controlling pitch (音高) is important. Scientistshave studied the skulls and jaws of early apes, to see if they were

39、 able to make asound and control pitch. Another important component of music is rhythm. Our earlyancestors may have created rhythmic music by clapping their hands.18Many of these instruments are likely to have been made from soft materialslike wood, and so havent survived. What have survived are bon

40、e pipes. So, musicis old, and may have been with us from when humans first evolved.But why did it arise and why has it existed?There are many possible functions of music. One is dancing. Another obviousreason for music is entertainment.19However, the major reason why music arises and exists may be t

41、hat it bringspeople together.20He concludes: “It has even been suggested that music, incausing such bonding, created not only the family but society itself, bringingindividuals together who might otherwise have lived alone.”A.When did our ancestors begin making music?B.Music can express certain emot

42、ion that you can feel.C.This may be linked to the earliest musical instruments.D.Our ancestors created music by beating stones or sticks by accident.E.Has music always been important in human society, and if so, why?F.Music can also be used for communication, often over large distances.G.“Music lead

43、s to bonding, such as bonding between mother and child or bondingbetween groups,” explains Montagu.16.17.18.19.20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The fourth-grader, Sarah Haycox, made it her mission to right a wrong. And indoing so, she has

44、 shown the world what one21person, with passion, can do.One day, when22by an athletic field near her school, Sarah noticed asmall23with the name Edwin T. Pratt and the year 19301969 on it. She24who he was and what he did.After some25, she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had donemany go

45、od things to26others. Sadly, he was27just because someonedisagreed with what he was doing.Feeling that the small memorial was28big enough for a man who had so much29on others, Sarah30to do something!There was a new31going up nearby for young kids. She found out who were32the building project and ask

46、ed them if it could be named after Mr. Pratt.Through great efforts, her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death,Edwin T. Pratts life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the newschool.Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr.Pratt was. But Sar

47、ah had the33to learn more, the vision of imaginingsomething better and the courage to34her idea. Her amazing actions have35many other young people around the world.21.A.honest B.youngC.cleverD.shy22.A.walkingB.runningC.ridingD.driving23.A.museum B.churchC.boardD.memorial24.A.forgot B.realizedC.wonde

48、redD.explained25.A.discussionB.researchC.practiceD.thought26.A.teachB.rescueC.helpD.repay27.A.killed B.punishedC.blamedD.arrested28.A.rarely B.simplyC.merelyD.hardly29.A.impact B.impressionC.reflectionD.dependence30.A.stoppedB.decidedC.happenedD.announced31.A.libraryB.theatreC.schoolD.hospital32.A.i

49、n need ofB.in search ofC.in favour ofD.in charge of33.A.curiosityB.confidenceC.chanceD.energy34.A.proveB.changeC.presentD.pursue35.A.astonishedB.inspiredC.attracted D.protected第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The abacus(算盘) was a great invention in ancient China. The a

50、bacus36(invent) on the basis of small sticks. Later, with the37(develop) ofproductivity, the amount of calculation was38(great). And calculation withcounting sticks limited the calculation. Thus, people invented a more39(advance) counterthe abacus.With the application of the abacus, people summarize