Unit 3 语法表语从句 ppt课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、predictive clause表语从句Grammar表语从句的含义PA RT 1表语从句是啥？表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语，用于系动词之后，表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句要用陈述语序表语从句要用陈述语序linking verbs（系动词） be am,is,are,was,were,being,beensensory look,sound,smell,taste,feel,touchbecome,go,turn,fall,come,get,grow,runthe change to continue to be (状态）remain,sta

2、y,keepto give the impression of being or doing sth seem,appear.turn out,provethe result Sima Qian, one of the greatest historians in Chinese history, was born in either 145 or 135 BCE. Influenced by his father, who was also a historian, Sima Qian took an interest in history when he was a child. He l

3、earnt Chinese classics from great literary masters, and at the age of 20, he began travelling extensively across the country. He interviewed the local people to get a wide range of information.Learning and travelling were exactly what helped him in his later career as a historian.His fathers dream w

4、as that one day he could write a great masterpiece recording what had happened in history. After his father died, Sima Qian succeeded his father as Grand Historian, which facilitated his access to official books and files. However, his work proved difficult, because sorting out all the available res

5、ources and checking facts of historical materials required painstaking efforts. His chief concern was whether he could do his job more effectively and efficiently.As he carried on with his work, something awful happened to Sima Qian. He was put in prison, where he suffered a lot of pain physically a

6、nd mentally. However, he was not defeated. He never forgot about his fathers dream, in good times or bad times. After more than ten years of hard work, the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian), his masterpiece, was completed.After reading the passage, please answer the following questions.The essa

7、y is about the great historian Sima Qian.He wrote the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian).His fathers influence, his learning and traveling and his perseverance.The essay is developed in chronological order.1234What is the essay about?What greatest achievement did Sima Qian make?What contributed

8、to Sima Qians success?How is the essay developed?表语从句的连接词PA RT 2表语从句的引导词用来引导表语从句的词包括：从属连词：that, whether, because，as if，as though等；连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose等；连接副词：when, where, why, how等。1. 由从属连词引导的表语从句引导词-that用法1）that 在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，不能省略.口语中that常可省略.The fact is that our team has won the g

9、ame.2）在表“建议，劝说，命令，要求”的名词suggestion, advice, request, 等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”（虚拟语气），should可省略 我的建议就是你做出决定之前仔细考虑一下。My advice is that you (should) think it over before you make a decision.The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导，句型结引导，句型结构为：构

10、为： The reason (why/for)is /was that. The reason is thatthat引导词-whether用法whether在表语从句中表 , 但不充当句子的成分。if 引导表语从句.1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否是否”不能不能引导词-because用法because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/Tha

11、t/It is because”结构中。My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.引导词-as if/though用法as if/though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面as if/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气。1.It looks as if he were her own father.(与事实不符)2.Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if its

12、 going to rain. as if / as though 似乎，好像似乎，好像 1) It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 2) At that time, it seemed as though I couldnt think of the right word.听上去好像有人在敲门。3) Look at the dark clouds. It looks as if there is a storm coming. 4) It looks as if she were drunk. 5) It appears as if

13、 he hadnt met her. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。(与事实相符)(与事实相反，事实是她未醉)(与事实相反，事实是他见过她)2. 由连接代词或连接副词引导的表语从句 连接代词在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在表语从句中充当状语，可表时间、地点、原因、方式等，因此不能省略。eg The problem is who will water my plants when I am away. That is what I want to tell you. What he wonders is when they can finish their wor

14、k. This is where our basic interest lies. He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital.引导词-what用法what 在表语从句中充当_ 表示_.1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be.3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.4.Things are not alway

15、s what they seem.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语什么，什么样子，或所什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）的（人或事）引导词-which用法which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_表示_。如：I read about it in some book or another, but what I dont know is which (book) it is. 定语、表语定语、表语其中哪一个其中哪一个引导词-who用法who 在表语从句中充当_表示_.1. The problem is who could do the work2. My trouble is who (whom) I

16、 can turn to.主语、宾语主语、宾语谁谁连接副词连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。Thats where I cant agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an America

17、n wedding.where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 that, why 与 because 引导表语从句时的区别 1. The reason was that you dont trust her. 2. He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 3. He was sent to the hospital. Thats because he was ill. 三者均可引导表语从句， that 没有词义，why 和 because 有自己的意思；why强调结果，because 强调原因。 because /

18、whybecause1) He failed the math exam. Thats _he was too careless.2) He was too careless. Thats _ he failed the math exam.why The reason _ he was absent from the meeting was _ he fell ill suddenly.thatwhy1、名词主语bewh-疑问词引导的从句 The trouble is where we can get the things we need.2、wh- 引导的主语从句bethat 从句 Wha

19、t surprised me most was that all the pupils were unusually quiet.3、This / That be wh-疑问词引导的从句This is how you make the Italian pizza.表语从句的常用句型Working out the rulesWe can use that to introduce a predictive clause when the clause is a _. We can use whether to introduce a predictive clause when the clau

20、se is a _. We can use what, why, when, where, etc. to introduce a predictive clause when the clause is a _.statementyes-no questionwh-questionWe can use a noun clause as the predicative of a sentence. that / whatwhat1)The city is no longer _ it was ten years ago.2) The fact is _ we should depend on

21、ourselves.thatthe city that = _surprised me most was _ he spoke Spanish so fluently.thatWhat书上习题PA RT 3Applying the rulesComplete the sentences with proper linking words to form predicative clauses.1 I got six books from the library. The question is _ one I should read first! 2 The truth is _ there

22、are many reasons why wars break out.whichthat3 We have made it a rule that visitors must not touch the china vases. The problem is _ some visitors do not pay attention to it.that4 The museum was closed. That was _ we couldnt see the historical documents.why5 The two historians disagree with each oth

23、er. The question is _ it is possible to prove who is right.whether6 Besides having the history classes at school, we also visit historic destinations. That is _ we learn about important events in history.howBelow is an article about Shiji. Complete the article with proper linking words to form predi

24、cative clauses.In the first century BCE, Sima Qian completed the Shiji, which describes historical events and figures from the era of the Yellow Emperor in ancient legends to his own time.Totaling over 520,000 Chinese characters and extending over a period of about 3,000 years, the Shiji consists of

25、 130 chapters in five categories. What makes this book remarkable in content is (1) _ it not only includes vivid descriptions of historical figures such as emperors, thatministers or other exceptional figures, but also lists important events in different periods. Another thing to note is (2) _ it co

26、vers advances in astronomy, music, the calendar and so on.One of the main features of the Shiji is (3) _ the biographies are presented-in the form of stories rather than dry facts. Sima Qian was able to use a small number of words to describe a historical event or figure vividly. Some of the phrases

27、 employed in his book are still in constant use.thathowEven today, the events and figures in the Shiji seem real when you read about them. Later historians wrote 23 more official histories in a similar format. Together with the Shiji, these were edited in the Qing Dynasty. That is (4) _ these works

28、became known as the Twenty-Four Histories. They are among the most important records of Chinese history.whyC P701 My dream is_ I can study archaeology at university,because I am interested in the past.2 The reason why he was scolded was_he had made a serious mistake in the experiment.3 Birds are kep

29、t in cages, but cages are not_they are meant to be.4 I read a lot, I write regularly and I memorize new words every day. That is_ I learn English.5 The use of light and shade is_impresses me most about this famous painting.6 The issue is_we should take part in the speech competition.thatthatwherehow

30、whatwhetherC P707. Tom had a terrible toothache and went to see the doctor. Thats_he had a day off yesterday.8. The happiest time of my life is_I sit at the dinner table with my family at the end of the day.9.My first impression of Mikes essay was_it was off topic.10.There are dark clouds in the sky

31、. It looks_it is going to rain.whywhenthatas if/though巩固练习PA RT 4【语境应用】完成句子。1) The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.2) What a mess! You are always so lazy! Im not to blame, Mum. I am _ you have made me.3) The best moment for the football star was _ he s

32、cored the winning goal.4) This is _ my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.thatwhatwhenwhat5) Without his support, we wouldnt be _ we are now.6) The advantage of cycling to work is _ we can live a low-carbon life.7) My idea is _ we should support the reform of the l

33、egal system.8) All shes worried about is _ he is all right.9) The most important thing is _ we can get through the difficult times.wherethatthatwhetherhow1. Birds are kept in cages, but cages are not _ they meant to be.2. Tom was ill and thats _ he was absent from school yesterday.3. The teacher wan

34、ts to know _ many people have witnessed UFOs.4. How many people have witnessed UFOs is _ the teacher wants to know.5. I think _ wed better go now.6. The happiest time in my life is _ I sit at the dinner table with my family at the end of the day.wherewhyhowwhatthatwhen7. I read a lot, I write regula

35、rly and I memorize new words every day. That is _ I learn English.8. There are dark clouds in the sky. It looks _ it is going to rain.9. I dont care _ he will leave or stay.10. That was _ he didnt work hard enough.11. The reason why he lost the game was _ he ignored the importance of cooperation.12.

36、 His parents are willing to give him _ he wants.howas if/thoughwhetherbecausethatwhateverRewrite the sentences using predicative clauses.1.At the age of eight, he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.3.This l

37、ifelong devotion has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.This lifelong devotion was what has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.2.His hard work and dedication made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.His hard work and dedication were what made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.表语从句Yesterday is history.Tomorrow is a mystery.Today is a gift.Thats why its called the present!昨日之日不可知，明日之日不可求，而今天是一笔财富，这就是为什么我们称其为现今（现金）。