Unit 3 Fit for life Welcome reading ppt课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语高二选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、2 0 2 XlUnit 3 Fit for lifelWelcome+readingThe practice of medicine is an art, not a trade; a calling, not a business; a calling in which your heart will be exercised equally with your head. William Osler行医是艺术而非交易，是使命而非生意。在这个使命中，你要如用脑般用心。威廉奥斯勒cad1. Would you like to be a medical professional? Why or

2、 why not?2. Can you describe an experience you had with a medical professional? What was it like?DiscussionDiscussionA good mecial A good mecial professionalprofessionaldeterminationknowledgecommunicationcompetenceself-sacrificerich experiencecarefulnessself-disciplinekindnessdevotionFree talkFree t

3、alk How do you understand the title “The future is in our genes”?Pre-readingPre-readingGenes play a critical role in shaping our lives.Genome editing can help with disease treatment and prevention.Many people are concerned about how to use genome editing appropriately. Despite the public argument, g

4、enome e d i t i n g i s o n e o f t h e g r e a t e s t innovations in the history of science.IntroductionIntroductionPara. 1: Genome editing brings many exciting Para. 1: Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities.possibilities.Para. 2:Para. 2:Main bodyMain bodyConclusionConclusionPara. 3:Pa

5、ra. 3:Para. 4:Para. 4:Para. 5:Para. 5:A1A1While readingWhile reading Para. 1: Introduction Paras. 24: Main body Para. 5: Conclusion What is the structure of the lecture transcript?While readingWhile readingA2A2 Read the lecture transcript again carefully and Read the lecture transcript again careful

6、ly and answer the A2 questions on Page 32.answer the A2 questions on Page 32.While readingWhile readingIt carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.1. What inf

7、ormation does our personal genome carry?While readingWhile readingA2A22. How can geneticists make changes to the genome?By correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. 3. How might genome editing make it possible to prevent diseases from developing? By correcting

8、 abnormal genes early on.While readingWhile readingA “designer baby” is a baby whose characteristics have been specifically selected through genome editing before it is born. 4. What is a “designer baby”?5. What does the lecturer compare uncontrolled genome editing to?The lecturer compares it to a c

9、ar out of control. While readingWhile reading How does the lecturer feel about genome editing? Find evidence from the lecture transcript to support your opinion.While readingWhile readingA3 1.A3 1.RevisionRevisionpacemeansidentifywrestle withcellfundamentalaffectwithout doubtThis week, a team of sci

10、entists based in Switzerland announced the discovery of sixteen genetic markers that relate to human lifespans. (1) _, the discovery is an important finding in the field of genetics. For years, scientists have been working to (2) _ specific genetic markers that are connected with a long lifespan. Un

11、til recently, only two such markers were known to the scientific community.Without doubtWithout doubtidentifyidentifyB1B1pacemeansidentifywrestle withcellfundamentalaffectwithout doubtGenes play a critical role in overall health. Every (3) _ in the human body contains genetic information. Everything

12、 from the ageing process to the development of deadly diseases, such as cancer, is tied to an individuals genetic make-up. However, scientists have long been (4) _ the question about which genetic markers indicate a short or long lifespan. The discovery by the research team may quicken the (5) _ of

13、the study on genes and human lifespans, and eventually help answer this question.cellpacepacewrestling withwrestling withRevisionRevisionpacemeansidentifywrestle withcellfundamentalaffectwithout doubtScientists say that locating these sixteen genetic markers will greatly improve their understanding

14、of how genes (6) _ l i f e s p a n s . T h e s e g e n e t i c m a r k e r s m a y eventually function as a (7) _ of targeting the specific genes connected with lifespans. This could significantly enhance peoples chances of living to a ripe old age. According to some scientists, it could make a (8)

15、_ change to the future of human life.affectfundamentalfundamentalmeansmeansRevisionRevision1. The lecture transcript uses a number of words related to “gene”. Look at the examples, think of more word families with a similar pattern and fill in the table below.AppreciationAppreciationsuffixessuffixes

16、meaningsmeaningswordswords-(t)ics/-(o)logythe study of a subjectgenetics, -(t)ic/-alrelated togenetic, -ist/-iana person who studies a subjectgeneticist, statistics, economics, linguistics, sociology, climatology economic, linguistic, mathematical, political, musical physicist, mathematician, statis

17、tician, politician, musician Underline sentences with “as” from the text and summarize its usage. Appreciation(1) None are as game-changing as genome editing (同级比较结构)(2) Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. (同级比较结构)(3) As many of you may know, genes play a crit

18、ical role in shaping our lives. (非限制性定语从句)(4) Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. (原因 状语从句)(5) Genome editing, serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, w

19、ill lead to a fundamental change in our a p p r o a c h t o h e a l t h c a r e . ( 介 词 短 语 ， “ 作 为 ” )(6) As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. (时间状语从句，“随着”)Appreciation* as的其他用法：When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (方式状语)Co

20、ld as it was, we continued our journey. (让步状语)as常用短语和结构：as if, as though; as for; as to; such as; the same as; so as toas特别注意点：与名词搭配时as lovely a day; as many/much/few/little + 名词Appreciation(1) You might have heard this before. Some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases. As you migh

21、t have heard before, some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases.(2) We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing. It can be dangerous. We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing, as it can be dangerous.(3) New discoveries are being made. Geneticists gain a bett

22、er understanding of our genes. As new discoveries are being made, geneticists are gaining a better understanding of our genes.Appreciation5. Use different structures with “as” to join the sentences below.Translate the following sentences using “as”.1. 随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更糟了。2.当他下公共汽车的时候我看见了他。 3. 因为她是一名模范

23、教师，她给其他人树立了一个好的典范。4. 因为你不在那里，我留了个信儿。5.他说话的口气好像他已经全部都知道了。 ApplicationAs time passed, things seemed to get worse.I saw him as he was getting off the bus. As she is a model teacher, she sets a good example to others. As you werent there, I left a message. He talks as if/as though he knew everything abo

24、ut it. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.v. v.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动(1)be affected by 被打动(2)affection n.喜爱，感情；影响；感染have a great affection for非常喜欢gain/win sb.s affection得到某人的喜爱J u l i a s a i d . “ I f w e d i

25、d , I t h i n k t h a t i t _(affect) our universe.茱莉亚说，“如果我们会的话，我想我们就能影响世界了。 My mother had a great affection the poem when she retired.睡眠会影响他们对一些重要事情的判断。_would have affected would have affected forforSleep affects their judgement on some important things.Sleep affects their judgement on some import

26、ant things.【语境应用】单句语法填空。【语境应用】单句语法填空。1) The experiment showed that our body clocks _ (affect) by light and temperature.2) Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it _ (affect) children.are affectedaffects2.means n. action by which a result

27、 is brought about; method(s) 手段，方法手段，方法单数和复数形式均为单数和复数形式均为means.常用短语常用短语: by means of 通过通过eg The only means of communication was sign language.唯一的交流方式就是手语。唯一的交流方式就是手语。He came first in the writing competition by means of hard work.他通过努力在写作比赛中获得了第一名。他通过努力在写作比赛中获得了第一名。by all means 千万，一定要，想一切办法；可以，当然千万，一

28、定要，想一切办法；可以，当然行，没问题行，没问题 by no means 绝不，一点也不绝不，一点也不 V. _ 意思是；意味着；打算；意欲意思是；意味着；打算；意欲/adj. 吝啬的；刻薄的；平均的；中间的吝啬的；刻薄的；平均的；中间的n. _ 意思；含义；意义；重要性意思；含义；意义；重要性 adj. _ 意味深长的意味深长的 mean(meant,meant)meaningmeaningfulGeneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genom

29、e editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.vt.vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份(1)identify.as.确认，证明；鉴别出identify with sb. /sth. 认同；与有同感(2)identification n.鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明identification card身份证(identity card)；标识卡They built what we now _, the palace of the king.他们建造了我们现在所

30、说的皇家殿堂，国王所居之处。 作者显然想使读者能与主人公产生共鸣。 _identify as the royal palaceidentify as the royal palaceThe writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character.The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character.Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate

31、 to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.vt.& vi.vt.& vi.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述(1)relate to涉及，与相关relate A to B把A和B联系起来be related to与有关/有联系(2)relation n.关系；联系；亲戚(3)relative n.亲属，亲戚adj.相对的，相关的Geneticists have been trying to identif

32、y which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.vt.& vi.vt.& vi.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述The two countries resumed normal diplomatic _ (relate). Economic reform has brought _ (relate) wealth to peasant farmers. The sent

33、ences within each paragraph should _.每个段落中的句子应该与一个主题相关。 The play _ which took place a long time ago.这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。(2020全国，书面表达)relationsrelationsrelativerelativebe related to a single topicbe related to a single topicis related to a love storyis related to a love storyShould we prohibit geneticis

34、ts from using it to enhance healthy bodies？vt.vt.阻止，禁止阻止，禁止(1)prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事，阻止做某事prohibit sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，禁止某人做某事(2)prohibition n.禁止；禁令Americans couldnt even have a drink to drown their sorrows, thanks to _(prohibit).他们被禁止透露候选人的详情。_They are prohibited from revealing details a

35、bout the candidates.They are prohibited from revealing details about the candidates.prohibitionprohibitionOne day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus，to make people taller，or to make them more intelligent.n.n.抵抗；反抗；抵抗力抵抗；反抗；抵抗力(1)drug resista

36、nce 抗药性，耐药性(2)resist vi.& vt.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐resist doing sth. 抵制做某事；反对做某事resist the temptation抵制诱惑Who could resist _(open) your show in a football stadium?T h i s i m p r o v e s c u r e r a t e s a n d r e d u c e s _.这提高了治愈率，降低了耐药性加剧的风险。 openingopeningrisks of drug resistance developmentrisks of drug res

37、istance developmentGeneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.a means of一种方式by all means尽一切办法；当然；务必by means of借助；依靠by no means绝不，一点也不We introduce the method of data extraction

38、_ an example.我们用示例的方式来介绍数据抽取的方法。 Brown said he was _; on the contrary he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.布朗说他一点都不恼火。相反，他很高兴能被人理解。 A high school graduate should _ go on to college.我认为一名中学毕业生绝对应该继续念大学。 by means ofby means ofby no means annoyedby no means annoyedn.(n.(单复数同形单复数同形)

39、 )手段；方法手段；方法by all means by all means As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately.(1)arise from 由引起，产生arise out of由而引起，产生于(2)raise vt.举起；提高；增加raise ones awareness of.提升某人的意识(3)rise vi.上升，增长Many diseases _ what people really dont kno

40、w about in their daily life.许多疾病是由人们在日常生活中不了解的东西引起的。 It is an occasion _ key global health issues.它是提高对关键全球卫生问题认识的一个重要机会。 arise fromarise fromvi.(arosevi.(arose，arisen)arisen)出现；发生；上升；起立；起身；由出现；发生；上升；起立；起身；由()()引起，引起，( (因因)产生产生to raise awareness ofto raise awareness ofThere is still much to be explo

41、red and debated on the subject of genome editing.(1)debate with sb. 与某人讨论debatewh-.讨论(2)debate n.讨论；辩论；争论under debate在讨论中；在辩论中Scientists were _ an asteroid was about to hit the Earth.科学家们在争论一颗小行星是否要撞上地球。Even though the bill is _ now, it will be passed soon.尽管这个法案仍在被讨论，但是它将很快被通过。 v. v.讨论；辩论；反复思考讨论；辩论

42、；反复思考debating whetherdebating whetherunder debate under debate Without doubt，genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.(1)in doubt 不确定，拿不准There is no doubt that.毫无疑问(2)doubt v.怀疑；不信；恐怕；拿不准doubt about.怀疑doubt whether/if.怀疑是否(3)doubtful adj.怀疑的；难以预测的n.n.怀疑；疑问；疑惑怀疑；疑问；

43、疑惑This raises doubts _ the point of advertising.这引起了人们对于广告作用的怀疑。He doubted _ he would learn anything new from Marie.他怀疑自己是否能从玛丽那里学到什么新东西。 about aboutwhether/ifwhether/ifAs the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately.As time goes on, th

44、e children are forgetting traditions. Any new source of energy will be very welcome，as there is already a shortage of petroleum.Do as the Romans do when in Rome.Child as he is，he knows a lot.Being a mother isnt as bad as I thought at first!He is late for class today, as is often the case.时间状语从句,多用于口

45、语，强调“同一时间”或“一先一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。原因状语从句，较口语化，所表达的原因语气较弱，所表达的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实。方式状语从句,表示“按照，以方式，像一样，正如”让步状语从句，表示“尽管， 虽然”，必须构成倒装。比较状语从句，其基本结构是as.as.as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，正像”。常用于固定搭配中As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately.With our society

46、 growing older，we need the contributions of our older citizens._，we need the contributions of our older citizens.Although it was raining heavily outside，they started out very early._，they started out very early.It is known to all that a good learning environment is vital if we want to study English

47、well._，a good learning environment is vital if we want to study English well.当我在公交站点等车的时候，我偶遇了老朋友们。_As our society grows olderAs our society grows olderHeavily as it was raining outsideHeavily as it was raining outsideAs we all knowAs we all knowAs I waited at a bus stopAs I waited at a bus stop，I r

48、an into/came across my old friends.I ran into/came across my old friends.一、根据句意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词一、根据句意并结合首字母或汉语提示写单词1. You ought to read the c_ carefully before you sign it.2. They thought it was a_ for a boy to be interested in ballet.3. The old man r_ how the accident came about to the police.4. My c

49、ousin decided to _(专攻专攻) in economics after she went to college.5. Im always polite, and good manners _(使不可能使不可能) me from so rude an answer.6. The crowded living conditions _(限制限制) the childrens opportunities for play.ontractbnormalelatedspecializeprohibitrestricted二、选用方框中的短语二、选用方框中的短语(并用其适当形式并用其适当形

50、式)填空填空serve aswrestle withto ones advantage without doubtarise fromby means of figure outidentify .as .1. We are warned that accidents often _ carelessness.2. I want to know whether you _ how much the trip will cost.3. During World War ， when London was bombed, many underground stations _ bomb shelt