Unit 3 Fit for life Reading Language points 课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、Book 5 unit 3 Fit for lifeReading (language points)I. 重点短语 :1. 在中起关键作用 (para2)_2. 取决于；依赖；依靠_3. 感染某种病毒_4. 患上某种癌症_5. 理解某事 ; 涉及 (para3) _6. 一种有效的出版方式 _7. 允许某人做某事 _8. 大范围的；许多各种不同的_9. 会；能够_10.天生失聪_play a critical role independ on catch a certain virusdevelop a particular form of cancerrelate toan effecti

2、ve means of allows sb to doa wide range of be able tobe born deaf 11.使做某事成为可能_12.防止；预防 _13.在早期_14.担任；起的作用_15.导致；通向_16.接近；通往的方法_17.以很快的速度(para4)_18.阻止某人做_19.对的抵抗_20.全力对付；努力克服_make it possible to doprevent from early onserve aslead to approach toat a fast paceprohibit sb from resistance to wrestle wit

3、hI. 重点短语 :21.阻止 _22.到位；落实到位；正在实施_23.确信；证实_24.涉及时(para5)_25.无疑地；确实地_26.在方面，在领域(P33) _27.很长的寿命_28.为所知；为某人所熟知_29.整体健康_30.束缚于，捆绑于_31.起的作用_keep sth fromput sth in place make sureon the subject ofwithout doubtin the field ofa long lifespanbe known to overall healthbe tied to function as I. 重点短语 :重点词汇解析：重点

4、词汇解析：1. Some people, for example, carry a gene that makes them more likely to catch a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer.例如，有些人携带一种使他们更容易感染某种病毒或患上某例如，有些人携带一种使他们更容易感染某种病毒或患上某种癌症的基因。种癌症的基因。make+宾语+宾补 n. 使某人成为.（如果宾补是职位或头衔，则其前不用冠词）v. 使某人做某事（用于被动态，要加to)adj（短语）. 使.处于某种状态done. 使某人/某物被./使别

5、人做某事（与宾语构成动宾关系)主句主句从句从句v-ing. 使某人一直处于某种状态（与宾语构成主谓关系）prep短语. 使某人/某物变得.n. 使某人成为.（如果宾补是职位或头衔，则其前不用冠词）v. 使某人做某事（用于被动态，要加to)1、Internet makes our lives easy and convenient. 网络使我们的生活变得容易、方便。2、We made him our team leader last week. 上周我们推选他当我们的队长。3、The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself h

6、eard.那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。4、You made him into an honest one.你使他成为一个诚实的人5、Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time.没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。6、His mother made him standing all the time.他的妈妈让他一直站着。E.g Exercise:1.吃得太多使他生病了。Eating too much _ _ _.2.The naughty boy was made_in English class.A. Stand B. standingC. st

7、ood D. to standmade him illD重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：2. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.它它(基因基因)还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。概率的信息。 1 An unhappy home environment can affect a childs growth.不幸的家庭环境会

8、影响孩子的成长。2.Cancer had affected his lungs. 癌已侵及他的肺脏。3.I was deeply affected by the film (= It caused strong feelings in me).我被电影深深地打动了。E.g Exercise:1) Does television have an (affect) on childrens behaviour?.2) Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing main

9、ly on how it _ (affect) children.affectseffectE.g1. Unfortunately, he contracted cancer at a very young age.不幸的是，他年纪轻轻就得了癌症。2. The famous singer has agreed a seven-year contract with the studio.这位知名歌手已经同意与这家工作室签订7年合约。 Exercise:1) She (contract) a severe fever last year.2) It could increase credit ca

10、rd security and allow people to sign contracts from another province. _它可以提高信用卡的安全性，并允许人们从其他省份签署合同。contracted重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：3. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.遗传学家一直

11、试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。 E.g1.Scientists are trying to identify the relationship between genes and personality.科学家正在努力寻找基因与个性之间得联系。2.Police have already identified around 10 murder suspects. 警方已经确认了约10名谋杀案疑凶。3.Can you identify your

12、umbrella among this lot? 你能在这些伞中认出你自己的那一把吗? Exercise:1) Your student ID card identifies you a student at the university of Bolton. 2) They were then able to identify the colors of the dinosaur feathers. _然后他们就能辨认出恐龙羽毛的颜色。asE.g1）The only means of communication was sign language.唯一的交流方式就是手语。2) By no m

13、eans will Jane agree to go hiking this weekend.简决不会同意这周末去远足。翻译句子。1) 除了养羊，这位老人没有其它的赚钱途径。_2) 这绝不是你第一次迟到。_3) 那台机器被起重机 (crane) 吊到了卡车上。_The old man has no other means of making money except raising sheep.This is by no means the first time that you have been late.The machine was lifted onto the truck by m

14、eans of a crane. Exercise:重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：4. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind persons vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。E.gThe government restored confide

15、nce in the housing market.政府恢复了人们对住房市场的信心。Can you restore your lost hearing?你能恢复失去的听力吗?1) 那个家庭不仅在那天向我们归还了重要的文件，而且还恢复了我们对人民的信心和信任。_2）After a week in bed, Linda was fully restored to health. 。That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in

16、people. Exercise:在床上躺了一个星期后，琳达完全恢复了健康重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：5. As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。题。E.gThe runner quickened his pace and won the race.那个赛跑者加快了步伐，赢得了比赛。These

17、 changes seem to me to be happening at too fast a pace.这些变化在我看来发生得也太快了。【语境应用】1) Compared with the urban life, I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country._2)我们鼓励所有的学生都按照自己的节奏学习。_3) According to most calculations, race walkers moving a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calorie per

18、hour.4)We are determined that our training should (与.步调一致） the current development in education.和都市生活相比，我更喜欢乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。We encourage all students to work at their own pace. Exercise:atkeep pace withE.g 1.More problems like those at the nuclear power plant are certain to arise.像核电站这样的问题肯定还会出现。2. Accid

19、ents arise from carelessness. 意外事故起因于粗心大意。3. Emotional oe mental problems can arise from a physical cause. 身体上的原因可能会引起情绪或精神上的问题。rise, raise, arise，arouserisevi，不能带宾语。表示人或物从低处向高处上升；或表示数量的增加或数字上升。无被动语态。raisevt，可带宾语。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的，往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义。可用于被动语态。arisevi，没有“上升”之意，多指“产生、发生和出现”，常用于抽象事物。 ar

20、ousevt，“引起；鼓励；唤醒；激发”1) The only problem _ (arise) in New York, local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.2) A new situation _ (arise) after the new law comes into force.3)The number of deaths from road accidents has been , which peoples concern about tra

21、ffic safety.(由于交通事故出现的死亡人数一直在上升，这引起了人们对于交通安全的关注。）arisingwill arise Exercise:arisingrisingraises重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：6. Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它来强健身体吗？我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它来强健身体吗？E.g1. Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the factory.工厂内严禁吸烟。2. The hi

22、gh cost prohibits the widespread use of the drug. 该药昂贵而影响广泛应用。3. The law prohibits people from hunting animals in this area. 法律禁止人们在该地区狩猎。 Exercise:1.Thankfully, effective measures have been taken by China and India to prohibit the Tibetan antelopes being hunted.2. The (prohibit) of using selfie sti

23、cks(自拍杆）will be added to the park rules posted on the official website.3.他因视力弱而不能当飞行员。(prohibit) .fromprohibitionHis poor eyesight prohibited him from being a pilot.重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：7. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.这意味着我们要控制

24、得当，确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。这意味着我们要控制得当，确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。1. All the arrangements are now in place for the meeting.会议的一切事宜都已安排妥当。2. With the new machines put in place, our chance to complete the task on time increased. 新机器准备好了，我们按时完成任务的可能性增加了。E.g Exercise:1. 我习惯把每件东西都放在适当的位置。I have the habit of .2. 露西不能出席会议，所以她的助手

25、代替了她。Lucy couldnt attend the meeting so her assistant .3. 近年来，人们的交流方式发生了巨大的变化。 .putting everything in placetook her place/ took the place of herGreat changes have taken place in the way people communicate in recent years. E.g1. It might be to your advantage to minor in Engineering. 辅修工程学可能对你有利。2. I

26、know youre disappointed about the delay, but I think this can actually work to our advantage.我知道你对延期很失望，但我觉得这对我们很有利。重点词汇解析：重点词汇解析：8. Without doubt,genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。E.g1. Without doubt, Tom is t

27、he best player in his class.2. I doubt whether it is necessary to rebuild that old building.重点句型解析：重点句型解析：1. We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born，creating what some have called “designer babies”.我们将能够在孩子出生前为他们选择特定的特征，创造出一我们将能够在孩子出生前为他们选择特定的特征，创造出一

28、些人所说的些人所说的“定制婴儿定制婴儿”。这是一个主从复合句，before 引导时间状语从句，creating what some have called “ designer babies”在句中充当目的状语，其中what 引导宾语从句。The News report below is about the discovery of genetic markers that are tied to lifespans. Complete the news report with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box belo

29、w.B1pace means identify wrestle with cell fundamental affect without doubtThis week, a team of scientists based in Switzerland announced the discovery of sixteen genetic markers that relate to human lifespans. (1) _, the discovery is an important finding in the field of genetics. For years, scientis

30、ts have been working to (2) _ specific genetic markers that are connected with a long lifespan. Until recently, only two such markers were known to the scientific community.without doubtidentifyGenes play a critical role in overall health. Every (3) _ in the human body contains genetic information.

31、Everything from the ageing process to the development of deadly diseases, such as cancer, is tied to an individuals genetic make-up. cellHowever, scientists have long been (4) _ the question about which genetic markers indicate a short or long lifespan. The discovery by the research team may quicken

32、 the (5) _ of the study on genes and human lifespans, and eventually help answer this question.Scientists say that locating these sixteen genetic markers will greatly improve their understanding of how genes (6) _ lifespans. wrestling withpaceaffectThese genetic markers may eventually function as a (7) _ of targeting the specific genes connected with lifespans. This could significantly enhance peoples chances of living to a ripe old ages. According to some scientists, it could make a (8) _ change to the future of human life.fundamentalmeans