（2020）新北师大版高中英语选择性必修第二册高二上学期期中英语试题分类汇编：七选五专题.doc

1、北京市部分学校2021-2022学年上学期高二期中英语试题分类汇编七选五专题北京市中国人民大学附属中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Effects of a Warmer World Are Visible in Animals BodiesFor humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditionin

2、g, better-designed houses and bigger flood defences may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. _45_ In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by SaraRyding, a phd candidate at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already alte

3、ring the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks, limbs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4 % and 10 % since 1871.All that dovetails (吻合)nicely with evolutionary theory. “Allens rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who sugg

4、ested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions._46_ For example, Fennec foxes, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Ms Ryding examined muse

5、um specimens, comparing their bodies to those of their modern counterparts. She is not the first researcher to take that approach. _47_ All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might possibly have been driving the changes. Her tea

6、m combined data from different species in different places.Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, she says, climate change is the most reasonable explanation._48_ Researchers have already seen changes in the geographical range of many species, from insects to fish. A

7、nother evolutionary rule-of-thumb, Bergmanns rule, holds that animals in hotter places tend to have smaller bodies, another way to boost the ratio between surface area and volume. Other animals may alter their behaviour as well as their bodies, such as by seeking shelter at hot times of the day.Stud

8、ying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. Much of Ms Rydings data concern birds, with less information available for other taxa (类群). But it seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to._49_A. And there are other w

9、ays to adapt, too.B. The animals living in it will look different, too.C. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.D. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.E. But it is hard to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (结构上的) c

10、hange.F. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go.G. Such adaptations boost an animals surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to shed excess heat.北京市昌平区实验学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷四、七选五Getting Lost in a Good Book Can Help Keep

11、You HealthyIm a novelist and its obviously in my interest to encourage people to read. But theres increasing evidence that reading isnt just for pleasure, or merely a way of improving literacy skills and factual knowledge. 41Firstly, reading helps to lengthen attention spans in children and improves

12、 their ability to think clearly. 42 It is essential to learn this skill as a small child. The more they do it, the better they get at it.Also, reading can help people learn to empathize(产生共鸣). A recent study at the University of Michigan found that there had been a 48% decrease in empathy among coll

13、ege students. 43 In a computer game, you might have rescued a princess, but you dont care about her, you just want to win. But a princess in a book has a past, present and future, she has connections and motivations. We can relate to her. We see the world through her eyes.As a matter of fact, readin

14、g is far from a passive activity. Reading exercises the whole brain. When we read and imagine the landscapes, sounds, smells and tastes described on the page, the various areas of the brain that are used to process these experiences in real life are activated, creating new neural pathways. 44 This d

15、oesnt happen when were watching TV or playing a computer game.Getting sucked into a good novel appears to be beneficial to our mental health too. 45 Reading not only avoids feelings of loneliness, it helps us to wind down, de-stress and forget our own problems for a while.AStories have a structure t

16、hat encourages their brains to think in sequence, to link cause, effect and significance.BIn other words, our brains model real experiences, just as if we were living them ourselves.CWhen we read a good book, were trying to find out its main idea.DIt might actually be good for our mental and physica

17、l health too.E.But those who did not enjoy these activities had lots of loss.F.As the old saying goes, “ Youre never alone with a book.”G.Encouraging reading could overcome this.北京市顺义区第一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中质量检测英语试题第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。Stop Negative Talk“Im so fat,” one of your

18、 friends says. The girl next to her joins in. “Welf, I hate my hair today.” Without thinking, you respond “No, you ate not fat! I am fat. And my hair is flat and boring.” _32_It is easy for people to engage in self-critical conversations, and once it starts there is often pressure for you to join in

19、. _33_Maybe it is because “just talking” feels harmless. But before you know it, those opinions flow out of your conversations and into your life, where they start eating away at your self-respect._34_ When you start talking about yourself in a negative way, you are not only affecting your self-resp

20、ect, but your friends! When you criticize yourself, your friends might think you have the same standards for them. You have heard that it is important to treat others the way you want to be treated, but there is also value in treating yourself like you treat your friends. If you wouldnt criticize yo

21、ur friend for the same thing, chances are that you are being too hard on yourself. So, dont start it.But what if someone else starts? For example, your friend feels insecure about how well he played in his soccer game, so he puts himself down. “I suck at soccer.” _35_ Ask him, “do you really think t

22、hat? Why?” Maybe he is actually upset about a comment someone made, or is just getting down on himself over one bad play. Whatever it is, talking through the real issue will help him more than slipping into another negative talk.It is important to talk to your friend about your insecurities, but mak

23、e sure you are not talking about them just to put yourself down. _36_ Instead of just focusing on the negative, talk about what makes you and your friends beautiful and unique-including what you love about your body und what you have accomplished. When you show yourself love, you set yourself as an

24、example, and everyone benefits from you positively. A. Negative talk affects self-respect.B. Criticizing yourself helps nobody.C. But why do we hesitate to praise ourselves?D. But why is it acceptable to talk so negatively?E. All it takes is just one comment and the negative talk starts.F. It is bet

25、ter to resist negative conversations and create more balanced ones.G. Before everyone puts himself down, see if you can get to the root of the problem北京师范大学第二附属中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。将答案填涂在答题卡上。Farms of the FutureSkyscrap

26、ers(摩天大楼) are the ultimate symbol of urban life. By 2050, almost 80 percent of the earths population could live in cities. The human population could increase to 9.1 billion people yet the amount of land available for farming will be the same. _26_Vertical farms, where farmers could grow crops in en

27、vironmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution. In spite of concerns over high costs, experts want to make these urban farms a reality and use these skyscrapers to grow crops. _27_Vertical farms would have many advantages, experts say. The food would be grown with minimal effects on the e

28、nvironment. Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming would not force animals out of their habitats by taking over large areas of land, nor would it pollute the air with the use of heavy farming equipment. _28_ These have been well recognized.Growing prosperity has led to many people demanding th

29、at all foods are available all year round. Indoor farming could produce crops constantly and crops would not suffer from weather-related problems like drought or flooding. In addition, the use of agricultural chemicals for controlling insects would be minimal._29_ They point out that although crops

30、growing in a tall glass building would get natural sunlight during the day, it wouldnt be enough. The plants closest to the windows would grow much more quickly than the plants further inside. The plants growing away from the windows may not produce as many or as high quality vegetables. _30_ They w

31、ould need additional light sources.Experts agree that the new farming practices are needed to support the planets need for more and more food at affordable costs, both to the farmer and to the consumer. Vertical farms may be a small-scale answer, but the best ideas could be yet to come.A. Still, the

32、re are some people who are critical of vertical farms.B. That is where vertical farms are often needed for year-round crops.C. So how to meet the increasing food needs of our planet could be a big problem.D. For these reasons, natural light cannot be a workable solution for vertical farms.E. Vertica

33、lly grown food is grown in environmentally controlled conditions in big cities.F. Those farms would also reduce the cost and negative effects of transporting food over distances.北京市昌平区第二中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷第二节(共 5 小题:每小题 2 分，共 10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。This Way

34、 to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them They can seem forgetful and clumsy_35_They annoy us because they seem to be ignor

35、ing us and missing the important thingsBut daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history_36_Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tr

36、ee roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams_37_And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it whil

37、e you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawingsIts also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to av

38、oid falling asleep_38_Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away_39_Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the cloudsA. Having interesting things to think about also helpsB. They stare off into space and wande

39、r by themselvesC. Without wandering minds, we wouldnt have relativity , Coke or Post-it notesD. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnessesE. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentiveF. Daydreams are often very simpl

40、e and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understandG. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone 参考答案北京市中国人民大学附属中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题【答案】45. D 46. G 47. E 48. A 49. B北京市昌平区实验学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷41D42A43G44B45F北京市顺义区第一中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中质量检测英语试题【答案】32. E 33. D 34. B 35. G 36. F北京师范大学第二附属中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题【答案】26. C 27. G 28. F 29. A 30. D北京市昌平区第二中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷【答案】35. B 36. C 37. E 38. A 39. G