脑动脉解剖及临床(脉络膜前动脉)课件.ppt
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- 动脉 解剖 临床 脉络 课件
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1、脑血管走行分布及临床脉络膜前动脉Internal carotid artery,Anterior clinoid process superior part颈动脉管段海绵窦段交叉池段颈内动脉颈颈内内动动脉脉和和椎椎动动脉脉的的分分支支脉络膜前动脉脉络膜前动脉,1 4支,以3支最多?,为一组较细小而恒定的血管,在后交通动脉起始远侧2mm处由颈内动脉直接发出。 该动脉在未穿入侧脑室下脚之前,除发13个皮质支外,还发出23个穿支,1支穿视神经内侧至大脑脚,另两支即为纹状体内囊动脉。此动脉主要营养尾状核尾,行程长,管径较小,易发生栓塞。 Basal view of brain after transv
2、erse section of midbrain and partial excision of left temporal lobe to show magnified portions in Figure 2 (rectangle A) and in Figure 4 (rectangle B). The optic chiasm (1). The internal carotid artery (2). The left anterior choroidal artery (3). The middle cerebral artery (4). The optic tract (5).
3、The hypothalamus (6). The basilar artery (7). The cerebral peduncle (8). The tegmentum (9) and the inferior colliculi (10) of the midbrain. The pulvinar (11). The lateral geniculate body (12). The choroid plexus (13) of the inferior horn of the ventricle.大脑横断面的底面观,左侧颞叶部分被切除以显示放大的部分(矩形A)和 (矩形B)。视神经交叉
4、颈内动脉(1),大脑中动脉(2),左前脉络膜的动脉(3),中脑动脉(4)。视神经束(5),(6)下丘脑。基部的动脉(7)。大脑脚(8),被盖(9)和下丘(10)丘脑结节(11)。外侧膝状体(12)。脉络丛(13) 。纹状体内囊动脉,97%由脉络膜前动脉发出,以2支居多,一支穿视束斜向后外达苍白球;另一支在视束外侧向后行于囊状间隙内,经内囊后肢及豆状核下缘沿视辐射向后行,发支至苍白球。其分支也供应视束、外侧膝状体、灰白结节、乳头体、内囊后肢腹侧部、苍白球、尾状核后部、杏仁核、丘脑腹外侧核、黑质和红核等。脉络膜前动脉:在后交通动脉的稍上方起自颈内动脉沿视束后缘向后走行,穿过脉络进入侧脑室下角,供应
5、脉络膜和海马,并于侧脑室三角部与脉络膜后动脉吻合; 1、右侧脉络膜前动脉 2、皮质穿支 3、颈内动脉 4、颈内动脉穿支 1、脉络膜前动脉 2、脉络膜前动脉穿支 3、海马旁回穿支 4、颈内动脉 5、颈内动脉穿支 6、大脑中动脉 7、大脑前动脉 Medial view of the left AChA (1). Note the common trunk (2) of the uncal branch (3) and two perforators (4). The other AChA perforators (5). The internal carotid artery (6). The p
6、osterior communicating artery (7) and its premammillary perforator (8). Basal view of the right AChA (1), which is slightly displaced medially. Note two perforators (arrows) that penetrate the optic tract (2). The parahippocampalbranch (cut) (3). The internal carotid artery (4). The uncus (5).知识普及知识
7、普及Case report (Yyzzhh) A 9-year-old previously healthy girl was admitted to the Emergency Room with an eight-hour history of sudden onset of severe headache. The pain was pulsatile and bilateral and not accompanied by other symptoms. There is no history of migrainemaigrein 偏头疼, epilepsy or stroke. P
8、arents reported that soon after the onset of the headache the patient became drowsy drauzi 昏昏欲睡的for about one hour. No trigger factor was identified. On the neurological examination, the patient was alert and well oriented with no other abnormalities but mild nuchalnju:kl 项的, 颈背的 rigidity. rididti 固
9、执,坚定,僵化 D. Axial T2-weighted image(2500/80) reveals the presence of an inhomogeneous mass in the right lateral ventricle. The low signal intensity suggets the presence of calcification and hemorrhage. Angiogram of the right internal carotid artery obtained on day 3 demonstrates a hyper vascular mass
10、 fed from the right anterior choroidal artery (arrows). Computed tomography of the brain revealed hemorrhage in the right lateral ventricle (Fig 1) and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging study of the brain disclosed a heterogeneous lesion in the mesialmi:zil 中央的, 中间的 portion of the right
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