Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 3 Stephen Hawking 同步练习-（2020）新北师大版高中英语高二选择性必修第四册.docx

1、Unit 12InnovationLesson 3Stephen Hawking【基础知识过关】.单词拼写1There has been a sharp _ (下降) in profits this year.2The stone rolled down the mountain by _ (重力)3The wedding was a very _ (宏大的) occasion.4She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash _ (奖金)5Matter plays a central role in _ (宇宙学)6I want advice tha

2、ts realistic rather than _ (理论的)7She _ (克服) injury to win the Olympic gold medal last year.单句语法填空1He spent 7 days in the wind and snow cold and _ (hunger)2Her sudden arrival prevented him _ (go) out.3_ the heavy snow, he managed to come.4By 1989 that business became one of the biggest _ (supplier) o

3、f music to television.5Her parents dont allow her _ (stay) out late.6He was late for work. That was _ he was stuck in a traffic jam.7Insurance costs _ (reduce) for houses fitted with window locks later.8They have _ (successful) communicated their knowledge to others.9As a result, he found _ (him) ch

4、eated by the young man.短语填空hear about， rather than， a number of， in spite of， prevent.from.， look for， be diagnosed with， be proud of1_ the fog, the crew can distinguish the coastline fairly well.2I would stay at home _ go shopping with you.3Although his illness had _ him _ studying, he managed to p

5、ass the exam.4We are pleased to _ the news that you won the game.5The children like to _ shells on the seashore.6He is so excellent that his parents _ him.7A few years ago, the actor _ a strange disease which was difficult to cure.8Not only was she the owner of this building, but _ other buildings a

6、s well.完成句子1令我们感到宽慰的是，孩子们最终安然无恙地加到了家里。To our relief, the children returned home _ at last.2他不但读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。He _ this book, _ remembered what he had read.3尽管天气不好，运动会将按时举行。_， the sports meeting will be held on time.4孩子们不被准许收看暴力电视节目。The children _ violent TV programmes.5在她18岁的时候，她赢得了比赛一等奖。_ 18, she

7、won the first prize in the competition.6山东省以丰富的农产品而出名。Shandong Province _ its abundant agricultural resources.7在老师们的帮助下，我们完成了所有的任务。_ our teachers, we have finished all the tasks.8由于干旱，明年将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。_ the drought, millions of people will face starvation next year.课文语法填空Stephen Hawking was born in 1

8、942. He studied at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, 1._ at the age of 21, he 2._ (diagnose) with a serious disease. However, he finished his education and got a job at the University of Cambridge and continued his work in 3._ (theory) physics and cosmology. While his reputation for his work

9、 spread, his physical ability got 4._ (bad). In 1985, after 5._ operation, he started to use a piece of speechgenerating equipment 6._ (help) him talk. However, Hawking never ceased his studies and he continued to develop his theories on the universe. Hawking believed that he was not an 7._ (lucky)

10、person. From his diagnosis at 21 he regarded everything since then 8._ a bonus. He was proud of his family and his work, and he appreciated the help that many people had given him. On 14 March, 2018, one of the worlds most influential 9._ (scientist), Stephen Hawking, died at his home in England, 10

11、._ (age) 76.【能力提升训练】.阅读AWe can have video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of a mountain. But communicating with a submarine (潜艇) or a diver is not so easy. The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater air

12、borne (空气传播的) devices has long been a frustration for scientists. The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water. Sonar (声呐) signals used by underwater sensors reflect off the surface of water rather than reaching the air.Now, researchers at MI

13、T have developed a method with the potential to revolutionize underwater communication. “What weve shown is that its actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air, ” says Fadel Adib, a professor at MITs Media Lab, who led the research.The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an

14、underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface, making vibrations (震动) corresponding to the 1s and os of the data. A surface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations. The researchers call the system TARF. It has any number of potential realworld uses, Adib says. It could be use

15、d to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a planes black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface.Right now the technology is lowresolution. The initial study was conducted in the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around 11 or 12 feet.

16、The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditionshigh waves, storms, schools of fish. They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the other directionair to water. If the technology proves successful in realworld co

17、nditions, expect “texting while diving” to be the latest underwater fashion.1What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?AThe future of video chat underwater and in air.BThe frustrations of developing underwater devices.CThe difficulty of communication from water to air.DThe current situat

18、ion of communicating with a submarine.2What does the underlined word “feasible” mean?AAchievable. BConvenient.CChangeable. DAlternative.3What do we know about TARF?AIt is widely used to find downed planes.BIt can work well at great depths underwater.CIt is an underwater machine that sends signals.DI

19、t can send, receive and read signals from underwater.4What is the best title for the text?AThe Realworld Uses of Sonar TechnologyBFull Watertoair Communication Closer to RealityCA Breakthrough in the Application of Video ChatDTARF Becoming a New Means of CommunicationBFrom selfdriving cars to carebo

20、ts (carerobots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continu

21、es to change businesses.“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces，” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.A growing number of jobs in the future will require c

22、reative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.The reportFast Forward 2030: The Future of Work and the Workplaceis based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technolo

23、gy already destroys more jobs than it creates.But the report states: “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobsjust changing what people do. ” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.“The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technologic

24、al knowhow will directly challenge big companies, ” it states.A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in wh

25、ich robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create，” according to Aaron Smith, the reports coauthor.“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few hundred billion people there wer

26、e billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change, ” Microsofts Jonathan Grudin told researchers.5According to the report, _.Apeople wont necessarily lose jobsBbig companies will face fewer challengesCsmall companies will win against big companiesDmost

27、people will become interested in technology6We can infer from the text that in the future _.Apeople will face many difficultiesBpeople will take up more creative jobsCartificial intelligence will threaten peoples livesDmost jobs will be done in traditional workplaces7What is the attitude of most exp

28、erts in artificial intelligence and robotics to the future?AMixed. BWorried.CHopeful. DDoubtful.8Jonathan Grudins words in the last paragraph suggest that _.Athere will be enough jobs for peopleBthings will change a lot in a few yearsCmany people will become unemployedDtechnology will totally change

29、 future jobs.七选五Three in five people in the UK hold a library card. For some, libraries are a shelter from the stresses of daytoday life. _1_ If youre considering joining your local library, now is the time to do so. And if you need any more encouragement, here are several reasons why you should.Mos

30、t libraries in the UK allow members of the general public to come and go as they like. _2_ You can also take out a library card and borrow books for free, although you will inevitably face a fine for late returns._3_ Imagine just how many books you have at your fingertips with a library card. There

31、are lots of modern ones, as well as original ones, and you can continue to expand your learning and vocabulary all the time. Its a priceless experience, especially for kids, and also a great way to level the educational playing field.Libraries develop with times. They have changed greatly since deca

32、des ago. _4_ Some libraries have apps so you can see when your books are due back and even reserve books in some cases. There are also libraries which let you access books in digital formats on your mobile devicepretty cool.Libraries are one of very few spaces left in towns and cities where members

33、of the public can come together and actually be and feel like a community. They have noticeboards to offer services like exercise classes or learning centers. _5_ALibraries help people learn.BLibraries help educate the kids.CThey create a great sense of community.DYou can go in, settle down and read

34、 a book without being charged a penny.EMost libraries now have computers and allow people to borrow CDs and DVDs.FLibraries help us save money as were borrowing books rather than buying them.GFor others, particularly the homeless and people in poverty, a lifeline to the world.完形填空I had a perfect chi

35、ldhood. _1_ I saw was new, wonderful and exciting. I was _2_ whether it was rainy or dry, whether it was hot or _3_. I just wanted to _4_ all the things around me.But I cant _5_ time. When I reached my teens, I started to realize there was a different _6_ of life. I no longer had enough time for lit

36、tle thingsdiscovering a rainbow was not _7_， looking at a giraffe in the zoo was normal, and _8_ a building with 50 floors was not amazing. A rainy day was a _9_ day because the traffic was slow, and the first day of spring _10_ me of allergies (过敏). Life moves on again. The first day of the month i

37、s not just the _11_ of a new month; its the time to _12_ bills. Going to the supermarket is a _13_； it is not just fun walking around, looking for things and seeing the people around me.Life is a _14_ in which everyone has many obligations (责任), but if everyone tried to see life through the eyes of

38、a child, I am sure that every day could be _15_.,1A.Everything BSomethingCAnyone DNone2A.anxious Bgrateful Cconfident Dhappy3A.warm Bcold Cwindy Dsnowy4A.confirm Bintroduce Cdiscover Dpossess5A.save Brecord Ctell Dstop6A.way Bchoice Cside Dversion7A.challenging BdisturbingCboring Dsurprising8A.paint

39、ing BseeingCpurchasing Dsharing9A.bad Bspecific Cfavorite Dwonderful10A.informed BremindedCpersuaded Dfreed11A.breakthrough BpreparationCbeginning Dfunction12A.show off Bsend outCadd to Dthink about13A.trend Bduty Cburden Drule14A.process Breward Clesson Dskill15A.worse Bshorter Cbetter Dslower.语法填空

40、Some people are great at remembering faces. Once they meet you, they never forget how you look, while for other people, remembering a face is 1._ (simple) impossible. Such people have a condition of the brain called “face blindness”， 2._ actual name is developmental prosopagnosia (人面失认症)，or DP for s

41、hort.There was a time when face blindness 3._ (think) to be rare. But recent 4._ (study) have shown that in might be more common than experts had thought. The latest study on face blindness came from Duchaine, 5._ professor of psychological and brain sciences at Dartmouth College. He wanted to find

42、out 6._ the testees could recognize pictures of famous people or not. So he used fMRI to measure activities in their brains. An fMRI can identify chemical and other changes 7._ (result) from blood flow.Results showed that when 8._ (show) famous faces, the testees drew a blank with them. But they cou

43、ld identify the actor who has one specific feature, such as his special chin or moustache. Duchaine said this study 9._ (it) would not directly lead to any treatments. However, he said it could lead to a much 10._ (deep) understanding of how we remember the world around us.参考答案【基础知识过关】.单词拼写1decline2

44、.gravity3.grand4.bonus5.cosmology6theoretical7.overcame.单句语法填空1hungry2.going3.Despite4.suppliers5.to stay6because7.was reduced8.successfully9.himself.短语填空1In spite of2.rather than3.prevented; from4.heard about5.look for6.are proud of7.was diagnosed8.a number of.完成句子1safe and sound2.not only read; but also3.In spite of the bad weather4.are not allowed to watch5.At the age of6.is famous for7.With the help of8.As a result of.课文语法填空1but2.was diagnosed3.theoretical4.worse5.an6to help7.unlucky8.as9.scientists10.aged【能力提升训练】.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项麻省理工学院的科学家发明的从水下与地面上的人进行通信的技