井控安全阀及远控房课件.pptx

1、Associated Well Associated Well Control EquipmentControl Equipment辅助井控设备辅助井控设备(1)Safety Valves安全阀安全阀Safety Valves当发生溢流时，组织地层流体进入钻柱内Full open DP Safety Valve全开式钻杆安全阀Always standby on drill floor in open position 时刻在钻台开位待命It should be installed on top of the string when Kelly is not in use. 方钻杆及顶驱没用时，

2、装在钻柱顶部(4 ” IF BOX * PIN connection)Advantage:Minimising the effect of upward moving flow because it is stabbed and made up in open position.优点:降低了流体向上的冲击力，因为在安装时通孔时畅通的.Inside BOP 内防喷器sealInside BOP Always standby on drill floor in open position 时刻开位待命 Can not show SIDPP unless be pumped open 读不到立压，除

3、非开泵顶通 No logging operations can be done 安装后不能下入电测工具 Installed on top of FOSV安装在全开式安全阀上面 Can circulate down 不能反循环Float valve 浮阀Flapper-type spring-loaded安装：Advantage: Prevents formation fluids from entering the string and it stops suction of cuttings. 阻止地层流体进入钻柱，阻止堵水眼Disadvantage: The drill pipe must

4、 be filled when run in. Reading of shut in drill pipe pressure (SIDPP) is more complicated. Reverse Circulation is not possible. Greater strain on the formation when RIH. Increases the overall tripping time.Kelly cocksSafety valves in TDS压力级别选择： 大于最大预期地面压力 不超过BOP额定工作压力必须进行试压： 试压方向 压力ThanksBOP CONTRO

5、L SYSTEMTo provide pressurized stored hydraulic fluid so that BOP stack function can be operated promptly within API specified time and BOP can be closed even if there is no power available. Chapter 2 BOP CONTROL UNITChapter 2 BOP CONTROL UNITAccumulator bottlesAccumulator bottlesCharging Nitrogen o

6、nly Pre-charge pressure: 1000100psiRated pressure: 3000psiCapacity: 10GalStore pressurized hydraulic fluidReservoir tankReservoir tankCapacity: at least two times the usable volumeVolume upper limit (not pressurized) : one inch below the inspection portVolume lower limit (fully pressurized): one inc

7、h above the suction valves of the pumpElectric pumpElectric pumpElectric starter (keep in auto mode)Auto-Matic hydro-electric pressure switch (2700-3000psi)Air pumpAir pumpAutomatic hydro-pneumatic pressure switch (2500-2900psi)Pressure regulatorPressure regulatorManifold pressure regulator Reducing

8、 the accumulator pressure to manifold pressure 1500 psi.pressurePressure regulatorPressure regulatorAnnular pressure regulatorTwo types(Air operated and Manual operated with air motor)Air operatedShould have a unit/remote selectorPressure regulatorPressure regulatorManual operated with air motorPres

9、sure Relief ValvePressure Relief ValveAccumulator relief valve: 3500psiManifold relief valve: 5500psiPneumatic Pressure TransmittersPneumatic Pressure TransmittersAccumulator /Manifold/Annular Accumulator /Manifold/Annular pressure transmitterConverting hydraulic pressure into air pressureInput air

10、pressure(3-15 psi, 18 psi)pressurePressures Pressures Accumulator: 3000psiManifold: 1500psiAnnular: 1500psiAir supply: 125psiPre-charging:1000100psi3-position / 4-way valve3 positionsblock-/vent positionopen positionclose position4 connectionspressureReturn to tankOutlet to opening chamberOutlet to

11、closing chamber 1- Regulator pressure 2- To / From close chamber 3- To / From open chamber 4- To reservoir tankBypass valveuAccumulator capacity calculationsUsable fluid volume is defined as the volume of fluid recoverable from an accumulator between the accumulator operating pressure and 200 psi ab

12、ove the pre-charge pressure.Accumulator operating pressure is the pressure to which accumulators are charged with hydraulic fluid, 3000 Psi. Pre-charge pressure is defined as the pressure of nitrogen in the accumulator, 1000 Psi.Minimum accumulator operating pressure is 200 Psi above the pre-charge

13、pressure, 1200 Psi.uAccumulator capacity calculations A C C U M U L A T O R C A LC U LA TIO N P1 x V 1 = P2 x V 2 = P3 x V 3 V O LU M E O F TH E A C C U M U LA TO R . PR EC H A R G E PR ESSU R E 1000 PSI ? ? O PER A TIN G PR ESSU R E 3000 PSI M IN IM U M O PER A TIN G PR ESSU R E 1200 PSI T H E G A

14、S L A W . P1 = 1000 PSI V 1 = K now n P2 = 3000 Psi V 2 ? P3 = 1200 Psi V 3 ? Fluid Fluid GAS LAW (Boyles Law):P1 * V1 = P2 * V2 = P3 *V3 = CONSTANT - ( T keep constant )uAccumulator capacity calculationsPrinciples of accumulator calculations (Boyles law)V1: Actual capacity of accumulator= 10 gallon

15、sV2 = (P1V1)/P2 = 1000*10/3000 = 3.33 galV3 = (P1V1)/P3 = 1000*10/1200 = 8.33 galUsable fluid volume = V3 V2 = 5 galuAccumulator capacity calculationsSizing of accumulatorThe usable fluid capacity of accumulator bottles should be equal to the volume required to close all the BOPs and to open all HCR

16、 valves in BOP stack with an additional safety factor of 50% which is required to compensate for any fluid loss in control system and / or preventers.Accumulator bottles also should maintain a minimum operating pressure of 1200 psi or 200 psi above the pre-charge pressure, which ever pressure is max

17、imum, when all the BOP stacks are operated with pumps off (both pneumatic and electric)uAccumulator capacity calculationsExample:A 13 5/8“ BOP stack: 5000 psi Annular preventer 17.98 gallons oil need to close, Three 3000psi Rams 5.8 gallons oil need to close for each, One HCR in choke to open 1.1 ga

18、llons oil need. A 3000 psi working pressure BOP control unit is used. Calculate how many bladder type accumulator bottles of 10 gal capacity are required in the unit.Draw down testShut off all the pumps, close all the preventers and open all HCRs, to check the accumulator pressure value which should

19、 not be less than 1200 psi (or 200 psi more than charging pressure)To ensure all the preventers can close and HCR open once with power offRemote Control Panel Two types of panel (Air or Electric operated)Clearly showing open and closed position. Including a master shut off valve.Remote Control PanelChapter 2 BOP CONTROL UNITElectrical BOP Control panelRemote control panel(air operated master valve)Thanks