（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第三册Unit2知识点清单.rar

12021 年春学期高一英语 知识点清单 内容：Book 3 Unit 2 Natural disasters 一、词形变化1.injure vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害(三单 injures)injury n.伤害；损伤(复数：injuries)injured adj.受伤的the injured 受伤的人get injured 受伤2.reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；in reaction to 对.做出反应react vi. 回应react to 对.做出回应react with sth 与.发生反应3.crash n. 碰撞声；碰撞；vi. & vt. 碰撞；崩溃crashes 名词复数in a car crash 在一次车祸中crash into 闯入；撞到上4.signal vi. & vt. 发信号；标志 n. 信号，暗号；signalled 或者 signaled 过去式signal sb. to do sth 示意.做.a signal of .的信号5.exit vt. & vi. 出去； 退出 n. 出口，通道；离开6.orderly adj. 有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的in a more orderly way 以更有条理的方式order n.次序; 命令&v.命令; 订货The doctor gave an order that she should be (be)operated.7.confirm vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准confirmation n. 证实，证明confirm ones belief 证实某人的决心8.hug vt. 拥抱，搂抱；抱紧过去分词: hugged现在分词: hugging9.occur vi. 发生，出现；存在于过去分词:occurred现在分词: occurringsth occurs to sb.想法等浮现在某人脑海中不用于被动语态及进行时10.relief n. 宽慰；消除；救济reliefs 复数to ones relief 令.欣慰的是relieve vt. 解除，减轻relieve sb. of sth.减轻某人的负担/解除某人的职务11.destructive adj. 引起破坏 (或毁灭)的副词: destructively 名词 destruction 12.inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知information n.信息inform sb. of. =keep sb. informed of 通知某人某事13.shock n.震惊& vt. 使震惊shocking adj. 非常糟糕的shocked adj.震惊的be shocked at/by 对.感到震惊14.power n. 电力; 权力; 政权; 控制力; 能力; 能量; 力量powerful adj.有影响力的a power plant 发电厂within ones power 在某人能力范围之内have power over 对.有控制 权15.run out of 用完，耗尽(及物)=use uprun across 偶然遇见run after 追赶；追逐run into 撞上；偶然撞见16.supply n. 补给, 补给品; 供应; 供应量supply and demand 供应与需求supply.with.向.提供某物17.donate vt. 捐赠, 赠送;献(血)donor n.捐赠者donation n.捐赠物，捐赠donate sth to sb.将某物捐赠给某人18.curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的 curiously adv.好奇地curiosity n.好奇心be curious about 对.好奇的out of curiosity 出于好奇心19.unbearable adj. 难耐的, 无法忍受的bearable adj. 可忍受的bear vt. 忍受&n. 熊bear doing sth 容忍做某事20.break out 突然开始, 爆发break up 分手；使分解break in 强行进入break down 出故障；失败break through 作出新的重大发现21.distance n. 遥远, 久远; 距离; 差异;疏远distant adj.遥远的；远亲的distantly adv.冷淡地in the distance 在远处at a distance 从远处22.rescue n.vt. 救援，营救，抢救rescuer n. 救助者come to ones rescue 来营救某人rescue.from.把.从.中营救出来23.sharp adj. 锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的sharpen vt. &vi 使.变得锋利sharply adv.猛烈的sharpener n. 磨具24.locate vt. 找出的准确位置；把安置在(或建造于)location n.地方；地点located adj.位于be located in 位于；坐落在25.retire vi.vt. 退休，退职retirement n.退休retire from 从.中退休2二、重点短语1.at large 整个，全部2.roll call 点名3.safe and sound 安然无恙的4.occur to 被想到,浮现在脑中 5.keep ones head(在困境中)保持冷静6.run out of 用完，耗尽7.take the form of 呈现.的形状；采取.的形式8.break out 突然开始，爆发9.far and wide 到处,各处10. natural disasters 自然灾难11. kind of 稍微，有几分，有点儿12. a loving mother 慈母，慈爱的母亲13. a butcher in cold blood 冷血屠夫14. (be)caught in 陷于，淋雨15. an excerpt from a novel 小说节选16. a famous volcanic eruption 出名的火山喷发17. make an information folder 制作信息文件夹18. escape an earthquake 躲避地震19. suffer slight injuries 轻微受伤20. head teacher 班主任；校长21. hold on to 保住，守住；保存，保留；坚持22. at the same time 与此同时23. in case 以防，万一24. loud crashes of glass breaking 玻璃破碎的巨大撞击声25. remain still 别动，保持不动26. the moment 一就27. make ones escape 逃跑28. signal to her students to exit the classroom 示意学生们离开教室29. in an orderly line 整齐地排成一行，有序的一行/一队30. go down the stairs 下楼，下楼梯31. rush to 奔向，冲向，急急前往32. a series of 一系列33. leave thousands dead 造成数千人死亡34. survive the disaster 从灾难中幸存下来35. a 10-year-old girl 十岁的女孩36. on the sandy beach 在沙滩上37. on the top of 在上面，在顶上38. signs of an approaching tsunami 海啸逼近的迹象39. warn sb of sth 警告某人某事40. a safety officer 安全员41. to ones great relief 令某人极为欣慰的是42. the coming danger 即将到来的危险43. clear.of.清除掉的44. crash into the coast 坠入海岸45. at a primary school 在小学46. a destructive storm 一场毁灭性的风暴47. neighbouring countries 邻国48. cause serious damage 造成严重损害49. get prepared for 为做准备50. in order to 为了51. protect.from.保护免受52. make the difference between life and death 起着生死攸关的作用53. tie down large outdoor objects 系紧大型室外物体54. blow away 吹走，刮走；炸飞，干掉；使印象深刻55. inform sb./oneself of 通知某人/自己56. go on 进行，发生；继续；流逝，过去；接着做；凭作出判断；开始运转，开启57. pay attention to 注意58. news updates 新闻更新59. in the face of 面对60. drinking water 饮用水61. water the flowers 浇花62. master these words 掌握这些单词63. use sensory information 使用感官信息64. put the reader in the action 让读者参与进来65. descriptive details 描述性细节66. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事67. transport.into the scene 把带进场景68. attend a conference 参加会议69. one of the cities to be hit 被袭击的城市之一70. turn on the TV 打开电视机71. on ones way 在路上；快要到来72. a bit of a shock 有点震惊73. much too dangerous 太危险，非常危险74. the power failure 电力故障，停电75. be afraid of 害怕76. only to see huge trees lying across the street 只看到大树横躺在街上77. come to help 来帮忙78. donate food and clothes to charities 给慈善机构捐食物衣服79. in this case 在这种情况下80. match. with. 把和搭配起来81. the local people 当地人82. arrive at the airport 到达机场83. learn some safety tips 学习一些安全提示84. attend a staff meeting 参加员工会议385. describe .in great detail 详细描述86. raise funds 筹集基金87. go through 经历，经受；翻阅，翻找；通读；彻查；被通过，被批准88. people from other neighbourhoods 其他社区的人89. provide sb with sth 向某人提供90. sleeping bags 睡袋91. give sb advice 给某人建议92. flood safety tips 洪水安全提示93. wash away 冲垮，冲走94. the upper levels of 的上层95. watch out for 当心，密切注意；戒备，提防96. stay away from 远离97. keywords=key words 关键词98. in the living room 在起居室，在客厅里99. look through 逐一查看，浏览，翻阅；穿过看100.the endless rain outside 外面没完没了的雨101.rain non-stop 雨不停地下102.a storm this bad 这么严重的风暴/暴雨103.on the roof 在屋顶上104.a weather report 天气预报，天气报告105.on the radio 广播中，通过广播106.disaster supplies 救灾物资107.right away 立刻，马上108.be curious to do sth 好奇地109.move the dinner table against the door 把餐桌顶在门上110.force the door open 用力把门打开，把门迫开/撞开111.ask for clarification 要求澄清112.transitional words or sentences 过渡词或句113.make connections with 与联系起来114.in terms of 就而言115.reveal a characters personality 揭露一个人物的性格116.a talented British writer 有才华的英国作家117.leave ones mark on 在留下印记，产生深远的影响118.classic novel 经典小说119.an international tourist destination 国际旅游胜地120.a typical Roman city 典型的罗马城市121.in the energy and skill of its people 在其人民的活力和技艺 里122.trading ships 商船123.golden pleasure boats 金色游船124.in the glassy water of the port 在港口的光滑如镜的水中125.move in all directions 向四面八方移动126.above all 尤其，首先127.roll away 滚动离开，翻滚离开，滚滚而去；滚开128.with unspeakable fear 带着无法形容的恐惧129.of a pale and dying red 一种苍白的，快要死的红色130.at that moment 在那一刻131.in the distance 在远处132.the crash of falling roofs 屋顶坍塌的巨响133.a moment later 一会儿之后134.throw out 扔掉，丢掉；错过，浪费；不受理，不立案；撵走，开除135.a shower of ashes 阵雨似的灰烬136.many a noisy crash 许多嘈杂的撞击声137.in the stormy sea 在狂风暴雨中138.push against the other 推挤对方139.be separated from 与分离140.no hope of 没有的希望141.resting place 休息处，安息处，坟墓142.as if 好像143.the remains of 的剩余物/遗物/遗骸144.burn bright and short 烧得灿烂而短暂145.a sense of fear and confusion 恐惧和困惑感146.be aware of 意识到，明白147.search and rescue dogs 搜救犬148.life detector 生命探测器/探测仪149.search and rescue robots 搜救机器人150.unmanned aircraft 无人驾驶飞机，无人机151.advantages and disadvantages 优缺点，优势和劣势，利与弊152.rescue efforts on land 陆上救援153.sharp sense of smell 敏锐的嗅觉154.locate survivors 定位到幸存者，找到幸存者155.raise a type of dog 养一种狗156.a destructive earthquake 毁灭性地震157.work alongside members of the China International Search and Rescue Team 与中国国际搜救队一起工作158.the best-known novel 最著名的小说159.leave ones drought-hit home 离开干旱袭击的家园160.in search of 寻找，搜寻161.the struggle for survival 为生存而做的斗争162.bring about 导致，引起，带来163.extreme weather events 极端天气事件4三、重点句子1.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. 尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是 7 人死亡，200 多人受伤，但（在这所学校）只有 5 名学生受了轻伤。2.Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake.弗尔蒙特小学的校长艾丽斯 布朗正在上课，这时地板开始摇晃。3.At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case(in case 通常引导条件或目的状语从句，后面是完整的句子。) it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 同时,布朗小姐迅速打开了教室的门,以防门在摇晃中损坏而无法打开。4.There were loud crashes of glass breaking(现在分词作定语) and things falling to the ground(现在分词短语作定语), but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。5.The moment（作连词,引导时间状语从句,相当 于 as soon as,意为一.就）the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.地震停止的瞬间,布朗女士意识到这是他们逃出教室的最好时机。拓展：Sb. was/were doing when 某人正在做这时Sb. was/were about to do. when.某人 正要做这时Sb. was/were on the point of doing. when.某人正要做这时Sb. had just done. when.某人刚做完这时6.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering （作状语）their heads with their hands. 她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。7.After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other（现在分词短语作伴随状语）.点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 8.It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的征兆。 解析：句中 occur to 意为“（观念或想法）浮现于脑中，被想到”，常用句型结构有：It occurs to sb (that) .或者 It occurs to sb to do sth。9.Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while (while 可用作并列连词，表示对比或相反，意为“然而，而”，放在两个分句之间)Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.爸爸正在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们的重要文件和避难物资装进一个袋子里。拓展：(1)while“在期间，当时候”, 引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词只能用延续性动词,此时它等同于 when。例句：While/When he was in Paris, he developed a taste for art.在巴黎期间,他培养了对艺术的鉴赏力。(2)while 可用作从属连词,引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，放在句首。 例句：While I understand you, I dont agree with you.尽管我理解你,可我不同意你的观点。10.Its ashy rocks, first dark, then light as the clouds passed by, told a story of past eruptions that(引导定语从句) might have warned the city what was to come!随着云雾飘过,原先黑暗的火山岩明亮了起来,讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事,这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们,灾难即将降临! 解析：句中 might have done 表示过去本可以做而实际并没有做，含有轻微的责备或惋惜之意。例如：She might have lost the opportunity if her mother hadnt insisted on her going. 要不是妈妈坚持让她去，她可能就失去这个机会了。 11.It took the form of a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! 它的形状像一棵大树：树干呈黑色，树枝似烈火！ 解析：“the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire”是以省略形式呈现，简短的句式强调了火山的形态，营造了一种火山爆发时紧张、扣人心弦的氛围。 12.Over the empty streetsover the forumfar and widewith many a noisy crash in the stormy seafell that awful shower! 可怕的熔岩雨砸下来了，落在空荡荡的街道上、广场上，到处都是，许多落在波涛汹涌的大海里，发出阵阵巨响。 解析：本句最重要的信息以主句形式出现在最后，次要的信息出现在句首，通常，这样的句式称为“圆周句”或者“掉尾句”。这种句式可以营造一种悬念，抓住读者的注意力，在末尾形成高潮，有力地表达重要的 信息。