U1语法：主谓一致ppt课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第二册.ppt

1、Subject-verb agreement主谓一致主谓一致定义：指谓语动词在人称和数方面与主语保持一致定义：指谓语动词在人称和数方面与主语保持一致Jane and Mary look healthy and strong The number of mistakes was surprisingThe news was very excitingEither your students or Mr. Wang knows this His family is going to have a long journey All of my classmates work hard Read th

2、e sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.一、一、 当主语属于以下情况时，谓语动词要用单数形式：当主语属于以下情况时，谓语动词要用单数形式： 1.主语是单数名词或不可数名词时主语是单数名词或不可数名词时 A cat runs into the room. Failure is the mother of success. 2.主语是表示标题或名字时主语是表示标题或名字时 Tom and Jerry is an interesting cartoon. 3.单个词组单个词组, 动名词，动词不定式或从句充当主语时动名词，

3、动词不定式或从句充当主语时 Reading is a good way to enlarge vocabulary. To see is to believe. What he enjoys is cooking. 4.表示重量、距离、金钱、一段时间及由表示重量、距离、金钱、一段时间及由one and a half修饰的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：修饰的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式： Twenty dollars isnt enough to buy the book. One and a half apples is left on the table. Ten years

4、 is a long time. 5.用用and连接的两个名词表示同一人、同一物或同一概连接的两个名词表示同一人、同一物或同一概念（后一个名词前无冠词）作主语时：念（后一个名词前无冠词）作主语时： The Chinese teacher and class teacher often tells us something about the famous persons. 6. “each, every, no+ 单数名词单数名词” 作主语，即使有作主语，即使有and连接连接时，时，如如 every boy and (every) girl,谓语动词仍用单数。谓语动词仍用单数。each做同位语

5、时谓语动词与主语保持一致做同位语时谓语动词与主语保持一致Every boy and every girl in the area was invited to the party . We each have strong points, but each of us on the other hand has weak points.7.“more than one 或或 many a + 单数名词单数名词” 作主语时作主语时表示表示复数意义，但谓语动词要用单数。复数意义，但谓语动词要用单数。It is reported that many a new house is being buil

6、t in the disaster area now. More than one student has read the story.8. “the number of复数名词复数名词”作主语时作主语时, 表示表示的数的数目，谓语动词用单数。目，谓语动词用单数。The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising steadily since 1990.9.有些以有些以s结尾表示学科名称的词，如结尾表示学科名称的词，如physics, mathematics, economics, pol

7、itics等，以及用作书名、地等，以及用作书名、地名、国名的复数名词作主语时名、国名的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。The United States of America is one of the most developed countries in the world.Many students think Mathematics is difficult to learn.二、以下情况，谓语动词要用复数形式：1.复数名词、由and 或 both and 连接的名词作主语时。 Many students are interested in this story. B

8、oth Mary and Tom are from the USA.2.有些名词，如people, cattle，police等没有单数形式，作主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。 Cattle are allowed to eat grass in this area.3.“a number of复数名词”作主语时A great number of boys are interested in this film.4.“the+形容词”结构作主语，表示某个群体 The injured were sent to the hospital right away.三、当主语是all of / most o

9、f / some of / half of / a part of/几分之几/ 百分之几+ 名词/代词时，谓语动词的单、复数形式与该名词保持一致。如：All of us have attended the lecture about Pompeii.Most of lecture was about how the ancient city was discovered.、His family are waiting for him.The mans family was small - only himself and his wife.The crowd were running for

10、their lives四、当主语是crowd, class, dozen, family, public 和team 等集合名词时，如果该集合名词表示一个组织或单位的概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果该集合名词表示组织或单位里一些个体的概念，谓语动词用复数形式。5. 当用either or、neither nor、not only but also 和not but连接句子主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式和与其临近的主语的单复数形式保持一致，称为“就近原则”。 There be 句型中be的形式也符合就近原则。 Neither you nor anybody else knows anything a

11、bout it. Not only Tom but also his parents like wtching football match. There are three boys and a girl in the classroom. There is a girl and three boys in the classroom.6. 当有together with、with 、 as well as 、but 、except 、besides 、rather than 、including 、along 、along with 、like连接并列主语时采取“就远原则”。 They,

12、together with Tom are going to swim this afternoon.Tom, as well as his classmates wants to see the film. No one but your parents was there then. John, rather than his brothers, is to blame. The teacher, including his students is going to visit these soldiers. A library, with eight thousand books was

13、 offered to the nation as a gift in 2000.Fill in the blanks with the right form (1) _ (have) your classmates finished their homework?(2) My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV.(3) Most of the students _ (prefer) English to Mathematics.(4) Collecting stamps _ (be) one of his favor

14、ite pastimes.(5) _ (be) your family a big one?(6) All my family _ (get) up early in the morning.Have wantprefer ExerciseExerciseisIs get(7) Neither his father nor his mother _ (play) the piano.(8) Not only Jim but also his Parents _ (be) going to see you next Sunday.areplaysl Multiple choice1. About

15、 eighty percent of the students in his class _ below sixteen. A. is B. are C. am D. be2. There _ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. A. is B. are C. am D. be3. A large quantity of water pipes _ needed. A. are B. is C. has D. haveB A A 4. How and why he _ come to Princeton, New Jersey _

16、 a story of struggle, success and sadness. A. hadwas B. had are C. had has D. had have5. Nobody but Jane and Mary _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known6. The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. A. is B. are C. was D. were7.On

17、e-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; isA B DA8. Planning so far ahead _ no sense so many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is makingC. makesD. has madeC9.All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; isD