Unit 1 Grammar and usage ppt课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第二册.pptx

1、1. 在后台，在幕后在后台，在幕后 2. 大量的艰辛工作大量的艰辛工作 3. 给某人作简单介绍给某人作简单介绍4. 对对熟悉熟悉5. 首先首先6. 吸引某人的注意力于吸引某人的注意力于7. 重视，认为重视，认为重要重要8. 视觉特效视觉特效9. 把把和和分开分开10. 使某人能够做使某人能够做1. 在后台，在幕后在后台，在幕后 2. 大量的艰辛工作大量的艰辛工作 3. 给某人作简单介绍给某人作简单介绍4. 对对熟悉熟悉5. 首先首先6. 吸引某人的注意力于吸引某人的注意力于7. 重视，认为重视，认为重要重要8. 视觉特效视觉特效9. 把把和和分开分开10. 使某人能够做使某人能够做behind

2、 the scenesa huge amount of hard workgive sb. a brief introduction tobe familiar withto begin withdraw ones attention toattach great importance tovisual special effectsseparate A from Benable sb. to do11. 采用一个做采用一个做的方法的方法12. 导致导致13. 努力去做努力去做14. 大西洋大西洋15. 更不用说更不用说16. 恰当处理；公平对待恰当处理；公平对待17. 冰山一角冰山一角18.

3、 替替考虑考虑11. 采用一个做采用一个做的方法的方法12. 导致导致13. 努力去做努力去做14. 大西洋大西洋15. 更不用说更不用说16. 恰当处理；公平对待恰当处理；公平对待17. 冰山一角冰山一角18. 替替考虑考虑take an approach tocontribute tomake efforts to dothe Atlantic Oceannot to mentiondo justice tothe tip of the icebergspare a thought for1. She and I am classmates.2. His father have been

4、working on the farm. 3. The children stands behind the classroom. 4. There are a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 5. The teacher want to visit the factory together with some students. 1. She and I am classmates.2. His father have been working on the farm. 3. The children stands behind the

5、 classroom. 4. There are a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 5. The teacher want to visit the factory together with some students. arehasstandiswants在英语表达中，句子中的谓语动词在在英语表达中，句子中的谓语动词在人称和数人称和数上要和主语保持一上要和主语保持一致，我们称之为致，我们称之为“主谓一致主谓一致”。要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中主语和数的变化主语和数的变化外，外，还要考虑到谓语动词的还要

6、考虑到谓语动词的时态时态和和语态语态的变化。的变化。主谓一致主谓一致Focus on 基本用法基本用法一般情况下, 主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配: 语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数1. What I want is an interesting book.2. Going to bed early and getting up early is good for your health.Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.注意：多个非谓语动词或从句作主语，表达同一

7、概念用单数，表达不注意：多个非谓语动词或从句作主语，表达同一概念用单数，表达不同概念，用复数。同概念，用复数。1. Five dollars seems a fair price.2. Two kilometers is not very far for the young man.非谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式或从句作主语或从句作主语距离、时间、长度、距离、时间、长度、金额、重量等复数金额、重量等复数名词作主语名词作主语 想一想，表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的想一想，表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的名词都有哪些？名词都有哪些？milesdollarspoundskilogramski

8、lometerscentimeterssecondshours years谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数注意：注意：many a 修饰单数可数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式，但表示修饰单数可数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式，但表示复数意义，意为复数意义，意为“许多许多”。1. Every boy and every girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.2. Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake.1. Maths is a required course for middle sch

9、ool students.2. Gymnastics is my favourite sport.并列主语前有并列主语前有each, every, many a, no等等修饰。修饰。news, gymnastics, physics, mathematics, economics作主语作主语谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数of+复数名词复数名词Notes: of后的复数名词不是主语，后的复数名词不是主语，of前面的前面的one, every one等才是主语。等才是主语。everyone (one)nobody (body)something (thing) 等不等不定代词作主语定代词作主语on

10、eeachevery oneeach one anyoneEach of the houses was slightly different.1. Is anyone going to tell him the news?2. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数law and rule knife and fork war and peace 法规法规刀叉刀叉战争与和平战争与和平表示国名、人名、表示国名、人名、书名、组织机构等书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时专有名词作主语时并列主语作为不并列主语作为不可分的整体时可分的整

11、体时1. The United States is a developed country.2. The New York Times is widely read in the world.1. A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.2. The knife and fork has been washed.3. War and peace is a constant theme in history.谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数由两部分组成的物体由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时名词作主语时(glasses,

12、scissors, shorts, socks, compasses)people, police, cattle, youth等作主语等作主语1. My trousers are white and his clothes are black.2. Why are your shoes so dirty?1. The police are investigating the riot(暴乱暴乱).2. The cattle are grazing in the field.A pair of scissors _ lying in that drawer.These kinds of gla

13、sses _ popular this summer.isare由由kind/pair/sort/type/series of修饰的主语，谓语形式取决于修饰的主语，谓语形式取决于这些这些词的单复数词的单复数1. 由由and 连接主语时连接主语时谓语动词用单数或复数谓语动词用单数或复数1. Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2. The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。并列主语表示并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念不同的人、物或概

14、念时时并列主语表示并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念同一个人、物或概念时时谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. The Premier and the Foreign Minister were present at the state banquet. 总理兼外交部长出席了国宴。总理兼外交部长出席了国宴。总理和外交部长都出席了国宴。总理和外交部长都出席了国宴。指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只能用一个冠词；指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只能用一个冠词；

15、指不同的人或物时，并列主语前需要分别加冠词。指不同的人或物时，并列主语前需要分别加冠词。3. The +形容词作主语形容词作主语1. The young are always full of vitality(活力活力).2. The good is what people like.谓语动词用单数或复数谓语动词用单数或复数表示表示一类人一类人时时表示表示抽象概念抽象概念时时谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数这类形容词有这类形容词有old, young, living, dead, rich, poor, deaf, blind, dumb等。等。 1. The fact

16、ory used 65 percent of the materials, the rest of which _(be) saved for other purposes. 2. The man who _(teach) us English is Li Mings father. wereteaches在在定语从句定语从句中，关系代词中，关系代词 that, who, which等作主语等作主语时，取决于时，取决于先行词先行词1. Two thirds of the students _ (support) the plan.2. Thirty percent of its area _

17、flooded each year.分数分数/百分数百分数+of+复数复数名词名词/复数复数代词代词+谓语动词的谓语动词的复数复数形式形式分数分数/百分数百分数+of+单数单数名词名词/单数单数代词代词/不可数名词不可数名词+谓语动词的谓语动词的单数单数形式形式supportis1. A great number of tourists _(has) been to the Great Wall.have2. The number of workers who were out of work _ 1,000.wasa number of + 复数名词复数名词 +谓语动词的谓语动词的复数复数形

18、式形式the number of + 复数名词复数名词 +谓语动词的谓语动词的单数单数形式形式大量的，许多大量的，许多的数量的数量语法一致记忆口诀1.主语虽有and连，and后面没有冠， 仅指一人或一事，谓语仍然是_。 2.成双成套的名词谓常用_，但有表示一对/一双等量词修饰时谓用_.3.非谓,Many a, More than one，谓语动词均用_.4.定语从句看先行词，one of后谓语用_；the only one of后谓语用_5.主语单数后接介,谓语_介无关.就近一致就近一致(either)or. /neithernor.Not onlybut also.there /here引导

19、句子时引导句子时Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for holidays.Here is a book, a pen and some paper for you.1. You, who_ his good friend, should help him get out of trouble. A. am B. is C. are D. was2. A pair of shoes _ under the bed. A. is B. are

20、 C. has been D. have been3. Many a student _ the film now. A. is watching B. had watched C. watch D.watchingCAAPractice Neither the singers nor the host _ (know) the name of the new competitor until the show starts.knows归纳一：在 neithernor; eitheror; whetheror; or；notbut; not only . but also等结构中，谓语动词要和

21、靠近它的主语保持一致。谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。1) Not only the students but also the teacher _ (wish) for going to school.2) _(be) either you or he going to attend the meeting? wishesAre There _ (be) 7 singers competing with each other in the show.There _(lie) a park and two shops behind the school.arelies1). Here _ (

22、come) the bus. 2). There _ (be) a pen and some pieces of esis归纳二：由here, there等引导的倒装句中, 谓语动词be应与后面的名词保持一致；若主语不止一个时, 谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义决定。1.名词2.形容词3.数词、量词4.代词5.从句归纳一：单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单 ，如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间.(group, family, class, team, public, enemy, crowd, company, audience, club, party,army, ba

23、nd)The reason why the show has achieved such great success is that the team_ (have) been competing and cooperating with each other. Thus, everybody thinks that the team _ (be) a wonderful one. haveis归纳二：有些单复同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, deer(鹿), sheep(羊), works等。Not every means _ (be) u

24、seful. Not all means _(be) useful. One day this white sheep_ (be) lost.isarewasPhysics _ (be)a very interesting subject.The news _(be) true.isis归纳三：某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news 等，形式复数但意义为单数【形复实单】，谓语动词应用_单数归纳一： the +姓氏名词复数： the + 形容词：表示“一家人”或“夫妇”表示“一类人”在句中作主语时，谓语动词应用_。1).The Greens _ (be)

25、watching I AM A SINGER now.2).The young _ (represent) a new trend of pop music.arerepresnt复数Ten kilometers _ (be) a long distance.One dollar and seventy eight cents_ (be) what she has. isis归纳一：时间，金钱、度量衡作主语，谓语常作单数看。归纳二：当数量、分数、百分数，+of+名词作主语时,谓语与_保持一致 Half of the students _(have) finished their composi

26、tion. About 10 percent of water _(have) been wasted in the past decades. havehas 该名词the rest of 剩下的，其余的most of 大多数the majority/minority of 的大多数/少数plenty of 大多数a part of一部分all of 所有的归纳三：a number of + n（大量的）作主语，谓语用_ the number of + n（什么的数量 ）作主语，谓语用_1). A number of people _ (dream) of joining the jury(

27、听审团) of I AM A SINGER.2). The number of the members of the jury_ (be) 500.dreamis复数单数1). Large quantities of time _ (is, are) spent on dress rehearsal(彩排).2). A large quantity of money _ (has, have) been earned through this show.arehas归纳四：a quantity/amount of, quantities/amounts of, 后可接可数/不可数名词作主语：q

28、uantities/amounts of后的谓语动词总用_。a quantity/amount of后名词是中心词，谓语动词取决于后面的名词是否可数；复数All of the apples _rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。All of the apple _rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 are isNone of the money_ left. 没有剩下一点钱。None of the students _ there. 没有一个学生在那里； 学生都还没在那里。 is is/are归纳一：不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语或修饰主语时, 谓语动词视情况而

29、定。is1).No teacher and no student_(be) in the classroom.2) Each boy and each girl _ (want) to serve the people in the future.3) Every man and every woman _ (live ) peacefully.wantsliveswants归纳二：两个单数名词由and连，every，each，no，many a修饰键，两种人物系一概念，谓语动词用_。(every and every；each and each ；no and no ;many aand ma

30、ny a）单数Many a boy and many a girl_ (want) to watch the show live.1). That I shall work with you _ (mean) a great pleasure to me.2). What I said and how I did it _ (be) of no concern to you. aremeans 单个主语从句作主语，谓语动词用_；两个或两个以上主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用_。单数复数1). What she said _ (be) correct.2). What she left me _ (

31、be) a few old books.isare归纳二：what引导从句作主语，通常谓语动词用单数；但如所指意义为复数，谓语动词用复数语法一致意义一致主从、非谓主从、非谓当主语后面接当主语后面接用来说明主语的修饰语用来说明主语的修饰语，如，如with, along with, together with, but, beside, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than等时，谓语仍同等时，谓语仍同主语主语保持一致。保持一致。 1. A library with five thousand books _

32、 offered to the nation as a gift. 2. The teacher, along with her students, _ going to attend the lecture. 3. All but one _ (has) arrived here. 4. No one except two students _ late for class yesterday.isishavewasCircle the correct words to complete the following sentences. Check your answers!1. Is/Ar

33、e five million dollars enough to make a good film? 2. I think Mowgli and Shere Khan is/are the most interesting characters in The Jungle Book. 3. Drinking cola often makes/make the cinema experience more enjoyable. 4. There is/are one tree and three children on the film poster. 5. Fantastic Beasts a

34、nd Where to Find Them was/were directed by David Yates. 6. If anyone is/are interested in the film, please let me know. P7B1After the talk, Laura chatted with Simon. Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below. Some verb can be used more than once.P7B2be look make

35、require makesislooksisarewas requiredwaswereCheck your answers!Write a short paragraph about 3-D films. Use the following information to help you. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.P7B31. The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and _ (remain) around that level since. (2020天

36、津天津)2. The musician along with his band members _ (give) ten performances in the last three months. (2019江苏江苏)3. Amy, as well as her brothers, _ (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. (2019天津天津)has remainedhas givenwas given“主谓一致主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，致，即主

37、语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如：如：are, were, have, work等，等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：如：is, was, has, works等。等。单单复复最常见，单单复复最常见， 集体名词谓用单。集体名词谓用单。如若强调其成员，如若强调其成员， 复数谓语记心间。复数谓语记心间。有些名词谓常复，有些名词谓常复， people，police即这般。即这般。主语单数后接介，主语单数后接介， 谓语单数介无关。谓语单数介无关。many a作主语也如此，作主语也如此， 谓语动词应用单。谓语动词应用单。or, nor, b

38、ut also, there be，近主原则挂嘴边。，近主原则挂嘴边。关系代词定主语，关系代词定主语， 谓语根据先行词判。谓语根据先行词判。不定式短语、动名词，不定式短语、动名词， 主语从句谓全单。主语从句谓全单。时间、货币与距离，时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见，谓语多单复少见，rest, means, following等，意义决定其复、单。等，意义决定其复、单。none, all, half of等，等，of之宾语定答案。之宾语定答案。还有分数、百分数，还有分数、百分数，仍据仍据of之宾定复、单。之宾定复、单。代词代词all指人谓复数，指人谓复数，all指事情谓用单。指事情谓用单。量词用

39、法请注意，量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。谓语要随量词变。and连接两名词，连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。身兼两职一定冠。no,each,every后单名，两种事物一概念。后单名，两种事物一概念。以上情况请记清，以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。谓语动词全用单。形容词带形容词带the一类人，一类人，姓氏复数加定冠，姓氏复数加定冠，以以s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。代词代词neither,either,each，用作主语谓全单。，用作主语谓全单。GrammarFocus主主谓谓一一致致记记忆忆口口诀诀I. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空。用括号中动词的

40、适当形式填空。1. Three- fifths of the money _(have) been used up.2. The number of people who _ (own) cars _(be) increasing.3. A great number of visitors _(be) attracted to my hometown.4. The aged _(be) taken good care of in this city.hasownisareare5. The famous musician, as well as his students, _(invite)

41、to perform at the opening ceremony of the Flower Expo.6. The pair of shoes _(have) been worn out.7. When and where the meeting is to be held _(be) still under discussion.8. There are two roads, either of which _(lead) to the hotel.was invitedhasisleads 1. 在很多故事中，好人有好报，坏人有坏报。在很多故事中，好人有好报，坏人有坏报。(the g

42、ood, the bad) In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished. 2. 听、说、读、写是英语学习的听、说、读、写是英语学习的4种技能。种技能。 Listening, speaking, reading and writing are four skills for English study.II. 翻译句子。翻译句子。 Can you understand the rules of subject-verb agreement? Can you use them correctly?1. Writing: (about 50 words)Write a paragraph about your favorite film. Pay attention to the subject-verb agreement. 2. Finish Exercises C and D on Page 58 in the workbook.