Unit 2 sports culture Grammar and Usage各种形式时态被动 过去完成和过去进行时的被动ppt课件（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第二册.pptx

1、Grammar and UsageThe passive voice in the past continuous tense & the past perfect tenseWe speak English.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English is spoken by us.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语：主变宾，宾变主，谓语变成be + done请在母版更改您的标题被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。should be+ be done情态

2、动词should be doneam is are+ be doneam/is/are done一般现在时was /were+ be donewas/were done一般过去时will be+ be donewill be done 一般将来时am/is /are doing + be doneam/is /are being done现在进行时have/has been + be donehave/has been done现在完成时请在母版更改您的标题现在进行时的被动语态表示某动作正在被执行结构为is/am/are+being done现在完成时的被动语态表示动作已经被完成必修二 现在

3、进行时和现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been done.was/were doing + be donewas/were being done过去进行时过去某一时间某事正在被做had been + be donehad been done过去完成时过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作请在母版更改您的标题过去进行时现在进行时过去完成时情态动词S+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+done各种时态的被动语态构成（match)现在完成时一般现在时/一般过去时一般将来时S+am/is/are+d

4、oneS+was/were+being+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done请在母版更改您的标题Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the given verbs.1. The reading room _ (clean) every day.2. The man _ (attack)with a knife.3. Why didnt you bring your computer here yesterday? Oh, it _ (check) by my neighbour then.is cleanedwas

5、 attackedwas being checkedPractice请在母版更改您的标题4. The tiger _ (feed) some nice meat at this time yesterday.5. By the end of last year, we _ (produce) many fruits.6. He told me that the injured man _ (send) before the doctors came in.was being fedhad producedhad not been sentPracticeExercise 11.The farm

6、er said the policemen came to rescue timely when they _ in the snowstorm.A.were trapping B.were being trappedC.was being trappedD.are being trapped2. Mike, did you see Mr Smith in the office just now? Yes, he _(interview),and he looked a little bit nervous.3.The road _(repair) when I got there.was b

7、eing interviewedwas being repaired时态的选择动词与主语之间的逻辑关系（语态）主谓一致Exercise 21.By the time he died in 2016,he_ (recognize)as one of the greatet boxers of all time.2.He said the project _, so he can have a rest now.3.We _(build)five new buildings by the end of last year.4.This plluted river _ (clean)1. 句子中是否

8、有明显的时间状语或特定的动词需要用过去完成时吗？2. 谓语和主语之间的逻辑关系是被动吗？had been finishedhad been recognizedhas been cleanedhad builtMore exercises 1. By nine oclock last night, the fire _ (extend) to the 15th floor.2. Yesterday I returned the book that _ (borrow) before.3. The same business strategy _ (employ) by him before h

9、e became the publisher. 4. My car _ (clean) by my son at ten yesterday morning.5. The topic that I am fond of _ (discuss) when I came in the classroom.had extendedhad been borrowedhad been employedwas being cleanedwas being discussed特殊词汇不能使用被动语态及物动词才有被动，不及物动词没有 1). 不及物动词die,rise,come,occur,happen等,动

10、词短语break out,take place, cme true, come into being,belong to,consisit of等不能用被动语态 1.The war broke out. The war was broken out.2.The sun rises in the east and falls in the west. 3.Great changes _(take)place in china in the past 40 years. Which one is right?have taken12.表状态特征的系动词如:look,sound,feel,smell

11、,taste,appear,seem, go, prove, turn, become,fall, grow,keep等要用主动形式表被动意义。 如：It sounds a good idea. The silk feels soft. Your proposal proves to be practical.3.read,write,wash,sell,wear,lock等动词与副词 等连用表示主语本身的特征时，只能用主动语态表示被动意义,此时不是表示具体动作。如：the pen writes smoothly. the cloth washes easily. his books sell

12、 well.well,easily,smoothly4.表事物自身开始，结束，运动的动词不用被动语态。这类动词有：start,begin,end,stop,open,close,shut, run, move等Class begins at 9 every day.No one knows when the study online will end.The shop opens at 6 am. and closes at 8 pm. 2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to” e.g. They make us do all the

13、 work.被动句：We are made do all the work by them. e.g. We often hear her sing songs.被动句：She is often heard sing songs by us. e.g. I saw him walk to school.被动句：He was seen walk to school by me.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。let ，have ，make，feel，see ,watch, hear,notice)23.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作

14、被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for” 。 e.g. He gives me a flower everyday. 被动1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. 被动1 I was bought a computer by my mother . 被动2 A computer was bought for me

15、by my mother .常见加to的动词有give，send, teach，write, show, pass, ask, tell常见加for的动词有make, draw, buy3Turn to page 20请在母版更改您的标题Passive voice in the past continuous tense(过去进行时的被动）Passive voice in the past perfect tense（过去完成时的被动）. I reflected on what had just been achieved.Exploring the rules请在母版更改您的标题Passiv

16、e voice in the past continuous tensePassive voice in the past perfect tense. I reflected on what had just been achieved. a city half-marathon was being organized to help. even though my limits were being tested like never before. a lot of money had been raised for charity.Exploring the rules请在母版更改您的

17、标题Exploring the rulesMy heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place to rest my tired body. My cheeks were red, and I could hear my beathing heavily as l looked up at the blue sky. When my breathing returned to normal,I refected on what had just been achieved.Six weeks ago, my frie

18、nds told me that a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized to help raise money for charity, and encouraged me to take part. Despite my lack of running experience, I agreed. In order not to hurt my knees or ankles, I started my training very gently by running just one kilometre on the fir

19、st day. Over the next six weeks, I gradually increased the distance l ran in each training session and also made sure to allow my body enough time to rest and recover after each run. Soon I was running distances I had never thought possible. The day of the half-marathon finally arrived and I felt we

20、ll prepared. I ate a hearty breakfast so I knew I could get through to the end. I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. I was happy to learn that a lot of money had been raised for charity. I felt really proud of myself, and my friends and I ag

21、reed to run in the next city marathon!必背句子请在母版更改您的标题Working out the rules The passive voice in the past continuous tense is used to refer to an action being done at a specific time in the past. The verb form is “_”. The passive voice in the past perfect tense is used to express an action completed b

22、efore a past action. The verb form is “ _”.was/were being + 过去分词过去分词had been + 过去分词过去分词请在母版更改您的标题Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets. 1. It was an amazing achievement for a player who _ (injure) so recently.2. The swimming pool _ (clean) thoroughly the day befo

23、re the competition began.had been injuredhad been cleanedApplying the rulesB1请在母版更改您的标题3.He felt that his talents _ (waste) as a basketball player and was eager for a change.4.Tom was told that his teammate won the race while he _ (treat) by the team doctor.5. Photos of the riders _ (take) before th

24、ey got on their horses.was being wastedwas being treatedhad been takenApplying the rules请在母版更改您的标题Jessica gave an account of her experience as a volunteer at the city half-marathon. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.make train blow place carry cheer By the tim

25、e Cathy and I, together with other volunteers for the city half-marathon, arrived at 4:30 a.m., tables， _ on both sides of the road. Bottles of water and paper cups _ to different tables, and Cathy and I immediately went to help. had been placedwere being carriedB2请在母版更改您的标题Then we took our place at

26、 the table and quickly started to arrange the bottles and cups so that they looked like an army of soldiers standing on parade. I took a step back and looked at the scene with satisfaction.make train blow place carry cheer请在母版更改您的标题 For the previous couple of weeks, I _ on how to be a volunteer at t

27、he half-marathon. I decided to volunteer for this years half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee visited my school. We were told that the competitors would be raising money for charity, and while I didnt feel that I could run that I had a strong constitution to run that far , I t

28、hought the next best thing would be to help those who could.had been trainedmake train blow place carry cheer请在母版更改您的标题After all the preparations _, the exciting half-marathon began. Cathy and I waited patiently until the word spread that the first runners would be arriving soon. As the tired, thirs

29、ty runners ran along, they _ by the crowds. Cathy and I quickly poured water into cups for them. had been madewere being cheeredmake train blow place carry cheer请在母版更改您的标题After the last runner passed, I found paper cups and plastic bottles everywhere. The litter _ around by the wind as I bent over t

30、o picked up a plastic bag. Cathy and I started clearing up. We were tired and wet with sweat but it felt really good to know that we had been able to help others.was being blownmake train blow place carry cheerp64 C1. This interview was a follow-up to the one that (conduct) two weeks previously.2. I

31、t was so noisy that I couldnt hear what (say) on the phone.3. I was still waiting at noon because no message of any kind (receive).4. -You took a taxi to the office yesterday, Why didnt you drive your car? -Oh, it (repair) because of a flat tyre.5. Charles Dickens novels (make) into many flms Over t

32、hepast decades,had been conductedwas being saidhad been receivedwas being repairedhave been madeP64 C6.Despite the efforts made by both sides, the diferences were too great and no agreement (reach) by the end of the talks.7. Local residents were relocated to temporary accommodation while the construction work(do).8. The price of the products went down partly because a new technique (introduce) to increase production.had been reachedwas being donehad been introduced.