第九章雷达新技术2课件.ppt
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- 第九 雷达 新技术 课件
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1、Weather Radar Technology- Merits in Chronological OrderWSR-57WSR-88DWSR-07PDTechnology Developments Digital receivers Easy to achieve sampling rate higher than reciprocal of pulse (oversampling) Versatile circuits for transmitter control Easy to phase code, to interleave PRTs (staggered and other),
2、to compress pulse Signal processing on general purpose computers (PCs) Easy to program algorithms and analyze Doppler spectraCapability of the NSSLs R&D weather surveillance radar Doppler and Dual Polarization Phase coding of transmitted pulses Transmission of arbitrary non uniform pulse sequence in
3、cluding staggered PRT Oversampling by a factor of 5 in Dual Polarization Mode By a factor of 10 in Single Polarization Mode Arbitrary scanning strategy (including RHI) Recording of time series dataOversampling To increase speed of volume coverage To decrease errors in estimates of reflectivity, velo
4、city, spectrum width, and polarimetric variables Z, Standard Processing, Aug 04Z, from Decorrelated SamplesMitigation of range velocity ambiguities Phase coding at lower elevations Staggered PRT at higher elevations Demonstration of clutter filtering for both schemes Integration into volume coverage
5、 patterns Inclusion of oversampling Adaptive automatic choice of PRTs based on obscurations in immediately preceding scansReflectivityLong PRTEL = 0.5 deg10/08/02 15:11 GMTPhase CodingDoppler VelocityPhase coding, medium PRTEL = 0.5 deg10/08/02 15:11 GMTDoppler Velocity Processing as on WSR-88Dva =
6、23.7 m s-1, ra = 175 km va = 23.7 m s-1, ra = 175 km Phase CodingStaggered PRTReflectivityStaggered PRTEL = 2.5 deg04/06/03 4:42 GMTStaggered PRTva = 25.4 m s-1va = 45.2 m s-1148 km184 kmKTLX Doppler VelocityVCP 11 Batch ModeKOUN Doppler VelocityStaggered PRT (184 km/276 km)EL = 2.5 deg04/06/03 4:42
7、 GMTDual Polarization at NSSL1983: Upgrade of Cimarron radar to dual polarization; switching between horizontal and vertical polarization1984: Collection of first (anywhere) dual polarization time series data 1985 to 1989: Definition of the complete set of polarimetric variables. Development of sche
8、mes to obtain these variables together with spectral moments 1992: First (anywhere) collection of polarimetric variables at all range locations 1992 to present: Development of schemes to classify hydrometeor type. Improvement of rainfall estimation. Design of a system functionally compatible with th
9、e WSR-88D; simultaneous transmission and reception of horizontally and vertically polarized waves2002: Upgrade of KOUN radar to dual polarization2002-2003: Joint POLarization Experiment (JPOLE)Fields of polarimetric variables Dual Polarization - Benefits Vastly superior data quality: calibration, mi
10、tigation of attenuation and beam blockage effects Discrimination between insects, birds, ground echoes, and precipitation Superior measurement of rainfall Detection of hail Classification of precipitation rain vs freezing rain vs snow Determination of hail size Measurement of snowfall Icing detectio
11、nStratiform Rain vs SnowImminent Goals Combining techniques to mitigate range and velocity ambiguities with optimum (pseudo whitening) procedure to increase speed of volume coverage and decrease errors of estimates Incorporating the above combined technique into dual polarization radar Developing ad
12、aptive scanning strategy for agile beam phased array radarThree Challenges Direct estimation of wind transverse to the radar beam Determination of the alias interval of Doppler velocity from a single pulse Estimation of the forward propagation coefficient using returns from hydrometeors or biologica
13、l scatterers Major Endeavor Explaining bulk hydrometeor properties that cause distinct polarimetric signatures in convective storms Major Endeavor Assimilation of radar data into local NWP (short term 3 h, fine resolution 1 km) model coupled to distributed hydrological model for use over small water
14、sheds ( 1000s km2) capable of predicting tornadoes, strong winds, hail, and other hazards目标分辨脉冲压缩雷达目标分辨脉冲压缩雷达 概述概述 线性调频脉冲压缩线性调频脉冲压缩概述概述雷达的距离分辨率取决于信号的带宽雷达的距离分辨率取决于信号的带宽Bcr2 对于普通脉冲雷达,雷达信号的时宽对于普通脉冲雷达,雷达信号的时宽与带宽满足与带宽满足BT1 对于脉冲压缩雷达,雷达信号的时宽对于脉冲压缩雷达,雷达信号的时宽与带宽满足与带宽满足TBBT11这样,经过压缩后雷达信号的时宽为这样,经过压缩后雷达信号的时宽为1B
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