高考语法填空指导(公开课)课件.ppt

1、语法填空语法填空训练训练及及考点突破考点突破1 1、阅读、理解、阅读、理解语篇语篇的能力的能力; ;2 2、分析、分析句子结构句子结构的能力的能力; ;3 3、熟练运用、熟练运用语法语法, ,短语短语的能力。的能力。广东高考语法填空题两类广东高考语法填空题两类“空空”：纯空格纯空格（6-7个）个）给词空给词空 (3- 4个）个）1.谓语（时态谓语（时态语态语态数）数）2.非谓语（非谓语（to do-doingdone)3.词类转换词类转换(名名形形副）副）冠、代、介、连冠、代、介、连、及一些副词及一些副词冠冠词词代代词词介介词词连词连词/引引导词导词名名词词 动词动词形容词形容词 副词副词20

2、0712222 1200822221120091221132010121221 1201112122220121113312007-20122007-2012年年广东高考语法填空广东高考语法填空词类分布：词类分布： 纯空格纯空格 给词空给词空broke settledto helpresultshigherto pleasepushedsweeterpresentedsayinglatersittingwas pretendingwas informedmerrymerrilynaturalwarmlymentalmentallywhowherethatbutwherewhowhenuntil

3、whomAlthoughwhichif/whetherwearingwould buypleasedharderforthemthe应试策略应试策略How do you How do you usually solve this usually solve this problem ?problem ? 解题关键：解题关键： 1 把握大意；把握大意； 2 找关键词；找关键词；找出句中主语、谓语、连词找出句中主语、谓语、连词主语、谓语、连词主语、谓语、连词横线前后词横线前后词 既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！既要符合语意，又要合乎语法！忽略文意，直奔题目！忽略文意，直奔题目！切忌：切忌：原则：原则：

4、 Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Then find out the rules . 给词空考点讲解：给词空考点讲解：1.谓语（时态谓语（时态语态语态数）数）2.非谓语（非谓语（to do-doingdone)3.词类转换词类转换(名名形形副）副）1.The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, _ (change) to the library at the last minute. 2

5、.They didnt take many chances in their lives. They usually _ (follow) orders. 3.I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he _ (break) his finger. was changedfollowed had broken应试策略应试策略考点一、谓语动词考点一、谓语动词 括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文要根据上下文

6、语境和意思确定动词的语境和意思确定动词的数、时态和语态。数、时态和语态。 如果如果空格前是助动词空格前是助动词（will, shall等）、等）、情态动情态动词词（can, may, must等）或是等）或是动词加动词加to的形式的形式，则，则空空格一定是格一定是 。 如果如果空格前是空格前是have的各种形式的各种形式，则想到构，则想到构成成 。 如果如果空格前是空格前是be的各种形式的各种形式，则想到用，则想到用 。动词原形动词原形完成时完成时进行时态或被动语态进行时态或被动语态应试策略应试策略谓语时态和语态的主要考点谓语时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：、

7、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：现在现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。过去过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。2、时间、条件、等状语从句时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态中动词的时态(主将从现主将从现) (if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when等等);3、时态标志；时态标志；4、时态一致性时态一致性原则；原则；5、上下文语境；上下文语境；1.Some people say that oldest children, who are smart a

8、nd strong-willed, are very likely _(succeed). 2.I was afraid of _(catch) by the police, because there was no cop anywhere around.3.With the problem _(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. to succeedbeing caught应试策略应试策略考点二、非谓语动词考点二、非谓语动词solved 非谓语动词，包括非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、形式、V-ed形式形式和动词不定式。和动词不定式。 做题时确定

9、所给出的词与其做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。如果与中心词是主动关系，如果与中心词是主动关系， ； 如果与中心词是被动关系，如果与中心词是被动关系， ； 如果表示将来，如果表示将来，一般用一般用V-ing形式形式一般用一般用V-ed形式形式应试策略应试策略一般用动词不定式。一般用动词不定式。uselessdifferentlyappearancepersonal应试策略应试策略考点三、词性转换考点三、词性转换1.Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was _(us

10、e). 2.But a recent study saw things quite _ (different). 3.The order in which they finished would decide the order of their _ (appear) in the Chinese calendar.4., so Im very careful not to give out my _(person) information. 括号内给出单词的其他形式，通括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确么成分

11、（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的查同学们的单词拼写能力单词拼写能力。应试策略应试策略cheaperworst应试策略应试策略考点四、形容词或副词考点四、形容词或副词worse1.One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. 2.For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _ (cheap) to sit

12、comfortably at home, 3.Many other actors are _ (badly) off than me at present, 括号内给出形容词或副词，要括号内给出形容词或副词，要根根据上下文语境据上下文语境确定用确定用原级、比较级还原级、比较级还是最高级形式是最高级形式。应试策略应试策略形容词形容词 修饰名词修饰名词/代词代词 副词副词 修饰动词修饰动词/形容词形容词/副词副词/句子句子It is/was +形容词形容词 （+for/of sb) +to do Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks

13、 according to the requirements. Then find out the rules . 纯空格类考点讲解：纯空格类考点讲解：1.冠词冠词2.代词代词3.介词介词4. 连词或副词连词或副词5. 引导词引导词1.An only child will succeed for _ same reason. 2.You can now make _ educated decision about what career to pursue.3.The author of the study suggested that encouraging more books readi

14、ng might be _ useful way to prevent childhood accidents.the 应试策略应试策略ana考点五、冠词考点五、冠词 如果空格后是如果空格后是单数可数名词单数可数名词，就应，就应该考虑该考虑空格处空格处是否需要填是否需要填不定冠词不定冠词(a, (a, an)an)。 如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑虑空格处空格处是否需要填是否需要填定冠词定冠词(the)(the)。应试策略应试策略1.Firstly, we must understand the

15、 language when we hear _ spoken. 2.The little boy pulled _right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it. 3.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _. it myselfhis应试策略应试策略考点六、代词考点六、代词 首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪

16、个代词。所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。 如果如果空格后是空格后是名词名词，就应该考虑，就应该考虑空格处空格处是是否用否用物主代词物主代词(my, your, his等等)、指示代词指示代词(this, that等等)、不定代词不定代词(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, both, neither, other等等)、名词所有名词所有格或形容词格或形容词等进行修饰。等进行修饰。 如果如果空格前是空格前是动词动词 , , 就应考虑用人称代词就应考虑用人称代词和反身代词。和反身代词。应试策略应试策略1.Television is now playin

17、g a very important role _ our life.2.more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany _advanced study. 3.It was in this very room that I gave birth _ Linda seventeen years ago. fortoin 应试策略应试策略考点七、介词考点七、介词介词可位于介词可位于名词之前名词之前。如。如at night, on Sunday等；等；

18、 也可位于也可位于形容词之后形容词之后，如，如be interested in, be good at等；等； 还可位于还可位于不及物动词之后不及物动词之后，如，如listen to, arrive at, look for等。等。 应试策略应试策略掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；搭配；1.If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _, often gets special treatment.

19、2.As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped off and finished the race first. _ the rat got the first year named after him and the ox got the second year. 3. I asked my classmates about her interest _ then I made my final decision. howeverandSo/Thus考点八、连词或副词考点八、连词或副词应试策略应试策略 空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要空格前后两个句子都含

20、有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。 表示递进：表示递进：so, for, therefore, thus等；等； further, furthermore, moreover, in addition等；等； but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though, 等。等。 表示转折：表示转折：表示因果：表示因果： 表示并列：表示并列：and , or等；等；应试策略应试策略thatwhothat考点九、引导词考点九、引导词应试策略应试策略1.One day, h

21、e came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 2.Some people say that oldest children, _ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely to succeed. 3.So careless was I _ I had forgotten all about that. 空格前后都是一个句子空格前后都是一个句子, ,做题时做题时应该从句子的意义去判断应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词

22、么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句）性从句或者状语从句），再确定填再确定填什么引导词。什么引导词。 应试策略应试策略如何判断从句类型？空格前是名词空格前是及物动词 空格前是系动词 空格在句首定语从句定语从句同位语语从句同位语语从句主语从句主语从句状语从句状语从句所填词在后面句子中充当成分不充当成分所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；一步来把全

23、文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意贯通。四步复读很关键，保证全文意贯通。2012年广东英语高考语法填空题年广东英语高考语法填空题Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_ (wear) sun glasses . He walked in as if he _17_(buy) the school. And t

24、he word quickly got around that he was from New York City. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please ), because there were many empty seats in the room .But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_last row . _20_ he thought he could escap

25、e attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _21_(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class . Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_made her feel like a star. wear

26、inghad boughtpleasedtheAlthoughharderwhich“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.”Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds

27、and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do .Then he took _25_ off , gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.forwhatthem2011年广东高考英语语法填空年广东高考英语语法填空One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left early because I had an appointment _16_(late) that day. My friends walk

28、ed me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 _ (sit) at the front. He _19_ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be _20_ (mental) disabled.Behind him were other people to _21_ he

29、 was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 23 his own either.latersittingpretendedmentallywhomtheybyAfter a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I s

30、at next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.bothanWhat have you learned today?1.1.广东高考语法填空命题特点；广东高考语法填空命题特点；2.2.掌握掌握纯空格词纯空格词的基本填空方法；的基本填空方法；3.

31、3.突破语法填空中突破语法填空中给词空格给词空格的正确判断，特别的正确判断，特别是是谓语、非谓语及谓语、非谓语及谓语时态和语态谓语时态和语态的正确判断。的正确判断。Different countries and different people have different manners. We must find out their customs so that they will not think us 1_ (polite). Here are some examples of things that a person 2_ good manners does or does no

32、t do.If you visit 3 _ Chinese family you should knock at the door first. When the door opens you will not move before the host says “Come in, please.” After you come into the room you wont sit down 4 _ the host asks you to. When a cup of tea 5_ (put) on a tea table before you or sent to your hand, y

33、ou will say “thank you” and receive it with 6 _ of your hands, or they will think you are not polite. Before 7_ (come) into the house in Japan, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In 8 _ (Europe) countries, you should always keep your shoes clean. In a Malay house, a guest never finishes the

34、food on the table. He leaves a little to show 9_ he has had enough. In England, a guest always finishes a drink or the food to show that he has enjoyed it. This 10 _ (make) the host very pleased. impolitewithabefore/untilis putbothcomingEuropeanthatwill make Each of us fails from time to time. If we

35、 are wise, we accept these failures as a necessary part of the learning process. But all too often 1 parents and teachers, we do not allow our children to have the same right. We convey either by words 2 by actions that failure is something to be ashamed 3 , and that nothing but top performance meet

36、s with our 4 (approve). When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was 5 shy, nervous perfectionist. His fear of failure 6 (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. He seldom answered questions for fear 7 he might be wrong. He sel

37、dom finished his work because he repeatedly checked with me to be sure he hadnt made a mistake. I tried my best to build up 8 self confidence. And I repeatedly asked God for direction. But nothing changed until midterm, 9 Mary Anne, a student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. She was young and pretty, and she loved children. My pupils, Donnie 10 (include), adored her. With her frequent encouragement, Donnie became confident. asorofapprovalakeptthathiswhenincluded