航空英语课件：Airplane Flight Controls.ppt

1、Flight controls are what allow us to control the airplaneWe have to know what they do in order to fly properlyKnowing how the primary flight controls work is essential to flightKnowing how to work the secondary flight controls will help to reduce our workloadDiscuss:Parts of the airplane structurePr

2、imary flight controlsSecondary flight controlswingaileronflappropellerfuselagelanding gearelevatorruddervertical stabilizerhorizontal stabilizerStructure with a surface that produces liftAirfoil Body that moves through a fluid and creates liftWing is an airfoilAirfoil can be other structures as well

3、WINGStructure that turns rotational motion into thrustPROPELLERThe structure that supports the aircraft on the ground and allows it to taxi, takeoff, and landUndercarriage WheelWheel gearGear LANDING GEARMain body section that holds passengers, crew, and cargoCockpitWhere the pilot controls the airc

4、raftAirframe Mechanical structure of the airplaneFUSELAGEFixed or moveable structure that can support the elevatorTailplaneHORIZONTAL STABILIZERStructure that supports the rudderFinVERTICAL STABILIZERThose required to safely control the airplaneWhat are the primary flight controls?AileronsRudderElev

5、ator Attached to the trailing edge of the wing on the outboard sideControl roll about the longitudinal axisMoving the yoke to the right causes the right aileron to deflect upwards and the left ailerons to deflect downwardsThumbs ruleUpward deflection on the right decreases that wings lift while down

6、ward deflection on the left increases that wings liftIncreased lift on the left wing causes the plane to roll to the rightByproduct of lift is dragDrag on the left wing is also greatly increased which causes a momentary yaw to the leftSeveral ways to overcome adverse yawThese deflect the up aileron

7、more than the down deflected one which increases drag on the up wing so its equal to the one thats downThese jut the leading edge of the up wing into the airflow which causes drag to equal the down wingYour plane likely wont have either type of ailerons so what can you do to overcome adverse yaw?RUD

8、DER!Located on the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizerControls yaw about the vertical axisRUDDERWhen you step on the left rudder pedal, the rudder moves leftCauses lift to the right side of the tail which moves the nose leftLocated on the trailing edge of the horizontal stabilizerControls pitch

9、 about the lateral axisELEVATORMoving the yoke aft deflects the elevator upCreates downward lift which moves the tail down and the nose upDesigned to reduce our workloadAllows us to improve flight characteristicsWhich are secondary flight controls?FlapsTrim Located on the wing closest to the fuselag

10、eCan be extended or retracted as neededThey allow us to pitch down to descend but not gain airspeedNeed to pitch down to descend for landingWant to land at a slow airspeedUsed to relieve pilots of having to hold constant pressure on the flight controlsMost common type is a single tab located on the

11、trailing edge of the elevatorMoves in opposite direction of the elevatorWhen you pitch up, the elevator deflects up and when you put in nose up trim the trim tab deflects downThis gives you downward lift on the elevatorThe air flowing over the tail hits the trim tab and creates lift on the tab which

12、 holds the elevator upSet pitch, power and configuration then adjust the trimAny time one of those variables in changed, the trim must be adjustedholanding gearvertical stabilizerwingelevatorpropellerfuselagerudderhorizontal stabilizeraileronWhat is the purpose of primary flight controls?To safely c

13、ontrol the airplaneWhat are the primary flight controls?AileronsElevatorRudder What is the purpose of secondary flight controls?To reduce our workload and improve flight characteristicsWhat are the secondary flight controls?Trim Flaps What is an airfoil?Body that moves through a fluid and creates li

14、ftWhich surfaces on the airplane are airfoils?WingHorizontal stabilizerVertical stabilizerPropeller What causes adverse yaw?When you deflect an aileron downward it increases lift and drag. The extra drag pulls the nose toward that wing, away from the direction you want to turn How can we overcome it?Use the rudder