初中英语易错点.doc

1、1. after, in这两个介词都可以表示“(时间)以后”的意思?after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中?如:She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的?in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中?如:She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走?2. how long, how often, how soonhow long 指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如 three days, four weeks 等)提问?如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?how

2、often 指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如 once a week 等)提问?如:How often does he come here? Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次?how soon 指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问?如:How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?3. few, a few, little, a little, several, somefew 和 little 的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而 a few 和 a little 的意思

3、是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”?few 和 a few 修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词?several 用于修饰可数名词,语意比 a few 和 some 更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思?some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或 a little,有时指更多一些的数量?4. the other, anotherthe other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指?如:We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边,他们站

4、在那边?another 着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个?如:She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书?5. spend, take, cost, payspend 的宾语通常是时间?金钱?在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语?如:She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整个晚上用来读书?take 常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语?如:How long will this job take you?你做这项

5、工作要花多长时间?cost 指花费时间?金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态?如:How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)?如:I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金?6. speak, say, talk, tell这四个动词都有“说”的意思?speak 的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,指开口说或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称?如:He can speak Japanese. 他会说日语?say

6、 的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容?它的宾语可以是名词?代词或直接引语等?如:She says, “Dont draw on the wall!”她说:“别在墙上画画!”talk 的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与 speak 意义比较接近,但不如 speak 正式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话?如:She is talking with John in English.她正在和约翰用英语交谈?tell 意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语?除了 story, news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外,还可

7、以接人等间接宾语?如:She is telling the children a story.她正在给孩子们讲故事?7. among, betweenbetween 的意思是“在中间,在之间”,一般指在两者之间?如:There is a table between two windows. 在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子?between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间?如:the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系?)among 的意思是

8、“在中间?在之中”,一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中?如:The teacher distributed them among the students. 老师把这些东西分给了学生?8. beat, win这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同?beat 是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队?如:We beat them. 我们打败了他们?win 指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛?名次?如:We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)?9. agree with, agree on, agree toagree

9、 on 表示“就取得一致意见”?如:We all agree on (making) an early start. 我们一致同意及早出发?agree with 表示“与意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见?看法的名词或what 引导的从句?如:I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见?We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见?agree to 后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句?如:I agree to the terms propose

10、d. 我同意拟议的条件?10. bring, take, carry,fetch这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同?bring 作“带来,拿来”解?如:Next time dont forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我?take 是 bring 的对语,作“带去,拿去”解?如:Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走?carry 表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车?船,也可以用手甚至用头?如:This bus is licensed to carr

11、y 100 passengers. 这辆巴士准载一百人?fetch 则表示“去拿来”的意思?如:Please fetch me the documents in that room. 请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我?11. each, every两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同?each 着重个别的情况,every 着重全体,有“所有的”的意思?如:She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生?She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生?12. no one, noneno one 指

12、“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与 nobody 相同,作主语时不必跟 of 连用,如:No one believes him since he is not honest. 没有人相信他,因为他不诚实?No one else but I went. 除我以外,谁也没去?none 指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单?复数都可以?但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式?如:None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我们谁也不怕困难?13. go

13、 on doing, go on to do, go on with这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如下:go on doing 表示“继续做,一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;goon to do 表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go on with 也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止后,又继续下去?14. too much, much too二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too 为副词词组,修饰形容词?副词,不可修饰动词?如:Its much too cold.天气实在是太冷了?too much 作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法?(1)作名词词组?

14、如:You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了?(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词?如:Dont drink toomuch wine. 不要饮太多的酒?(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词?如:She talks too much. 她说话太多?15. lonely, alone二者都可表示“孤独,独自”,alone 指客观存在的“孤独”,而 lonely 更偏重一种主观感受上的“寂寞”?如:I went alone. 我是一个人去的?Mary lived alone, but she didnt feel lonely. 玛丽孤身一人生活,但她并不感到孤独?16. h

15、appen, take place 与 occurhappen 有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物?情况的发生?如:Whatever has happened to your arm? Its all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害?occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”?有时强调“呈现”于人的知觉中?如:Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?具体事物?事件作主语时,happen 和 occur 可以通用?如:The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨

16、天发生的?take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性?如:The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行?17. in front of, in the front ofin front of 的意思是“在前面”?如:There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树?in the front of 的意思是“在前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面?如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板?18. fi

17、nd, find out两者都有“发现”的意思,但语义有差别?find 有偶然发现某物的意味?如:He found a bag on the floor. 他发现地板上有个书包?find out 指“经过,探听,询问”,指调查之后的“发现”或“弄清楚”?如:Please find out who took my book by mistake.请查清楚谁错拿了我的书?19. noise, voice, sound这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用?但它们又各有特定的含义?sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound 微弱

18、的声?noise 作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音,它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词?如:Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音.voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声?歌声和笑声?如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊?有时也用于引申意义,作“意见?发言权”解?如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权?20. arrive, get, reach三者均可表示“到达”,arrive 后通常接介词 at(一般用于较小

19、的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了 5 分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎?get 之后通常接介词 to?如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了?reach 是及物动词(较 get 更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)?如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京?单项选择?

20、1. (2008 年安徽)A lot of story books are on sale, but _ good ones.A. anyB. someC. fewD. many2. (2008 年安徽) Is Mr. Brown driving here?Im not sure. He _ come by train.A. mayB. shallC. needD. must3. (2008 年安徽) The music made me think of the _ of a running stream.A. shoutB. noiseC. voiceD. sound4. (2008 年广东

21、清远) How nice the MP4 is! How much is it?It _ me 500 yuan.A. spentB. costC. boughtD. paid5. (2008 年上海)After a long journey, the eight pandas from Wolong safely _ in Beijing.A. arrivedB. reachedC. gotD. came6. (2007 年山东济南)Dont forget to _ “Thank you” when someone has helped you.A. speakB. tellC. sayD.

22、 talk7. (2008 年湖北黄石)Please _ your notebook with you when you come.A. takeB. carryC. bringD. hold8. (2008 年福建泉州)Mike, you _ the magazine since last week. Can you return it now?Sure.A. borrowedB. have borrowedC. have keptD. lent9. (2008 年安徽) What do you often do _ classes to relax yourself?Listen to m

23、usic.A. overB. amongC. betweenD. through10. (2008 年安徽)Our team _ the match. Weve got the first place!Well done! Congratulations!A. hitB. beatC. wonD. watched11. (2008 年四川攀枝花)There are a lot of colorful flowers on _ sides of the streets.A. eachB. bothC. eitherD. all12. (2008 年山东济宁)He seemed to be wor

24、ried in the waiting room. A bottle of water went from one of his hands to_.A. anotherB. othersC. the otherD. the others13. (2008 年湖北孝感)Why does Kate look upset?Perhaps she has made _ mistakes in her homework.A. littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few14. (2008 年山东临沂) _ do you go to the library?I usually go to the library twice a week.A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. How many